GRCC ADN 110 NUTRITION QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Nutrition - Answers - the body's intake and use of adequate amounts of necessary
nutrients for tissue growth and energy production and its impact on health and disease
Nutrients - Answers - necessary substances obtained from ingested food that supply the
body with energy; build and maintain bones, muscles and skin; and aid in the normal
growth and function of each body system
Malnutrition - Answers - an imbalance in the amount of nutrient intake and the body's
needs
Obesity - Answers - the result of a person's energy intake consistently exceeding
energy use
Macronutrients - Answers - water, carbs, fats, proteins
Micronutrients - Answers - minerals, vitamins
Phytochemicals - Answers - non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or
disease preventative properties; non-essential nutrients (carotenoids,
flavanoids,lycopene)
Sarcopenia - Answers - loss of muscle mass
Anasarca - Answers - severe generalized edema in the subcutaneous layer; third
spacing
Hypoalbuminemia - Answers - insufficient circulating protein in the blood
Protein - Answers - component of every cell in the body; facilitates growth and repair of
tissues; deficiency can lead to stunted growth and poor weight gain
Carbohydrates - Answers - primary source of fuel and energy; deficiency can result in
low energy and use of dietary protein as a fuel substrate, weight loss and accumulation
of ketones
Fat - Answers - source of "fatty" acid necessary for growth and development, deficiency
effects all cellular membranes and is particularly a problem with premature infants
, Fiber - Answers - complex carb classified as soluble or insoluble; should consume 20-
35 grams per day
Water - Answers - control body temperature, maintain acid-base balance, regulate fluid
electrolytes, transport nutrients and waste. when lost and not replaced blood volume
diminished, oxygen, nutrients and waste cannot move
Vitamins - Answers - organic compounds that contribute to important metabolic and
physiologic funcitons with in the body
Minerals - Answers - Potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus and
magnesium
The nurse is assessing a group of patients to determine their risk of vitamin D
deficiency. Which of the following patients has the highest risk for vitamin D deficiency?
A. A Caucasian female who is 39 weeks gestation
B.An African-American female who is breastfeeding
C.An Asian female diagnosed with hypoglycemia
D.A Hispanic female who has a BMI of 24.1 - Answers - B.
Vitamin D deficiency is more frequently found among persons of African heritage and
has increased in prevalence, especially among the infants of breastfeeding African-
American mothers. Caucasian females do not share these risk factors. There is no
known risk of hypoglycemia and vitamin D deficiency however, diabetes increases the
risk for vitamin D deficiency. There is no known risk of vitamin D deficiency in normal-
weight females of Hispanic heritage, however, obesity is a risk factor.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The patient
was prescribed the proton pump inhibitor Prevacid (lansoprazole). Which of the
following supplements may be prescribed to prevent deficiency?
A.Vitamin B12
B.Vitamin C
C.Vitamin D
D.Omega-3 fatty acids - Answers - A.
Vitamin B12 deficiency can occur as a result of the reduced gastric acidity associated
with use of proton pump inhibitors, and supplementation is often warranted. Vitamin C
deficiency is not a known deficiency associated with medications. Vitamin D deficiency
may occur in patients who take cholesterol medication, and this link is currently being
investigated. Omega-3 fatty acids may be used as monotherapy or in conjunction with
cholesterol medication for patients with hyperlipidemia.
Appropriate approaches used by the long-term care nurse to provide education for a 73
year old who has just been diagnosed with diabetes include which of the following?
(Select all that apply.)
A.Schedule a visit by another resident who is diabetic.
B.Demonstrate food choices using food photographs.
C.Avoid discussion of the patient's favorite foods.
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Nutrition - Answers - the body's intake and use of adequate amounts of necessary
nutrients for tissue growth and energy production and its impact on health and disease
Nutrients - Answers - necessary substances obtained from ingested food that supply the
body with energy; build and maintain bones, muscles and skin; and aid in the normal
growth and function of each body system
Malnutrition - Answers - an imbalance in the amount of nutrient intake and the body's
needs
Obesity - Answers - the result of a person's energy intake consistently exceeding
energy use
Macronutrients - Answers - water, carbs, fats, proteins
Micronutrients - Answers - minerals, vitamins
Phytochemicals - Answers - non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or
disease preventative properties; non-essential nutrients (carotenoids,
flavanoids,lycopene)
Sarcopenia - Answers - loss of muscle mass
Anasarca - Answers - severe generalized edema in the subcutaneous layer; third
spacing
Hypoalbuminemia - Answers - insufficient circulating protein in the blood
Protein - Answers - component of every cell in the body; facilitates growth and repair of
tissues; deficiency can lead to stunted growth and poor weight gain
Carbohydrates - Answers - primary source of fuel and energy; deficiency can result in
low energy and use of dietary protein as a fuel substrate, weight loss and accumulation
of ketones
Fat - Answers - source of "fatty" acid necessary for growth and development, deficiency
effects all cellular membranes and is particularly a problem with premature infants
, Fiber - Answers - complex carb classified as soluble or insoluble; should consume 20-
35 grams per day
Water - Answers - control body temperature, maintain acid-base balance, regulate fluid
electrolytes, transport nutrients and waste. when lost and not replaced blood volume
diminished, oxygen, nutrients and waste cannot move
Vitamins - Answers - organic compounds that contribute to important metabolic and
physiologic funcitons with in the body
Minerals - Answers - Potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus and
magnesium
The nurse is assessing a group of patients to determine their risk of vitamin D
deficiency. Which of the following patients has the highest risk for vitamin D deficiency?
A. A Caucasian female who is 39 weeks gestation
B.An African-American female who is breastfeeding
C.An Asian female diagnosed with hypoglycemia
D.A Hispanic female who has a BMI of 24.1 - Answers - B.
Vitamin D deficiency is more frequently found among persons of African heritage and
has increased in prevalence, especially among the infants of breastfeeding African-
American mothers. Caucasian females do not share these risk factors. There is no
known risk of hypoglycemia and vitamin D deficiency however, diabetes increases the
risk for vitamin D deficiency. There is no known risk of vitamin D deficiency in normal-
weight females of Hispanic heritage, however, obesity is a risk factor.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The patient
was prescribed the proton pump inhibitor Prevacid (lansoprazole). Which of the
following supplements may be prescribed to prevent deficiency?
A.Vitamin B12
B.Vitamin C
C.Vitamin D
D.Omega-3 fatty acids - Answers - A.
Vitamin B12 deficiency can occur as a result of the reduced gastric acidity associated
with use of proton pump inhibitors, and supplementation is often warranted. Vitamin C
deficiency is not a known deficiency associated with medications. Vitamin D deficiency
may occur in patients who take cholesterol medication, and this link is currently being
investigated. Omega-3 fatty acids may be used as monotherapy or in conjunction with
cholesterol medication for patients with hyperlipidemia.
Appropriate approaches used by the long-term care nurse to provide education for a 73
year old who has just been diagnosed with diabetes include which of the following?
(Select all that apply.)
A.Schedule a visit by another resident who is diabetic.
B.Demonstrate food choices using food photographs.
C.Avoid discussion of the patient's favorite foods.
