POLI 105 TEST 2 SALADINO Actual Exam
2026/2027 – Complete Questions and Answers
with Detailed Rationales – Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
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SECTION 1: POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES Q1 – Q10
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Question 1 of 50
A 34-year-old policy analyst is reviewing a newly proposed state budget that slashes
social welfare programs while significantly increasing funding for national defense and
law enforcement. The analyst notes that the legislators behind the proposal
consistently emphasize traditional family structures, free-market solutions, and limited
government intervention in economic affairs. This combination of views most closely
aligns with which ideological tradition?
A. Modern American liberalism
B. Modern American conservatism ✓ CORRECT
C. Democratic socialism
D. Classical libertarianism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Modern American conservatism typically pairs support for a strong national
defense and law enforcement with free-market economics and traditional social values.
Modern liberalism generally favors expanding social welfare programs rather than
cutting them, making it an unlikely match.
Question 2 of 50
,During a campus debate, a 22-year-old sociology major argues that healthcare,
education, and housing should be treated as collective goods funded through
progressive taxation rather than distributed by market forces. She insists that
substantial wealth inequality undermines democratic participation and that worker
cooperatives should replace traditional corporate structures. Her views are most
characteristic of which ideology?
A. Neoliberalism
B. Paleoconservatism
C. Liberal feminism
D. Democratic socialism ✓ CORRECT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Democratic socialism advocates replacing market distribution of essential
goods with collective, democratically controlled provision and reducing wealth
inequality through progressive taxation. Neoliberalism relies on market mechanisms
and deregulation, which directly contradicts her argument for decommodification.
Question 3 of 50
A 45-year-old small-business owner in Austin attends a city council meeting to oppose a
proposed zoning ordinance that would restrict where his food truck can operate. He
tells reporters that government at every level routinely oversteps its authority, taxing
citizens too heavily and regulating personal choices ranging from business operations
to firearm possession. Which label best captures his core ideological position?
A. Libertarianism ✓ CORRECT
B. Communitarianism
C. Populism
D. Progressivism
Correct Answer: A
, Rationale: Libertarianism centers on minimizing government intervention in both
economic and personal spheres, emphasizing individual freedom and limited taxation.
Communitarianism prioritizes collective welfare and community standards over
individual autonomy, which conflicts with his opposition to zoning and regulation.
Question 4 of 50
In a 2023 Pew Research survey, a group of voters aged 18 to 29 consistently supported
environmental regulations, immigration reform with a pathway to citizenship, and
same-sex marriage rights, but simultaneously expressed skepticism about free-trade
agreements and corporate influence in politics. Political scientists would most
accurately categorize this combination of issue positions as:
A. Authoritarian populism
B. Social conservatism
C. Modern American liberalism ✓ CORRECT
D. Right-wing nationalism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Modern American liberalism combines progressive social views on
immigration and civil rights with economic skepticism about unchecked corporate
power and trade liberalization. Social conservatism opposes same-sex marriage and
typically favors restrictive immigration policies, making it inconsistent with these
positions.
Question 5 of 50
A retired military officer, age 68, writes an op-ed arguing that the United States should
withdraw from NATO, impose strict tariffs on all imported manufactured goods, and ban
foreign ownership of American farmland. He claims that "elites in Washington have sold
out ordinary workers to globalist corporations." His ideological orientation is best
described as:
2026/2027 – Complete Questions and Answers
with Detailed Rationales – Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
══════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 1: POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES Q1 – Q10
══════════════════════════════════════
Question 1 of 50
A 34-year-old policy analyst is reviewing a newly proposed state budget that slashes
social welfare programs while significantly increasing funding for national defense and
law enforcement. The analyst notes that the legislators behind the proposal
consistently emphasize traditional family structures, free-market solutions, and limited
government intervention in economic affairs. This combination of views most closely
aligns with which ideological tradition?
A. Modern American liberalism
B. Modern American conservatism ✓ CORRECT
C. Democratic socialism
D. Classical libertarianism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Modern American conservatism typically pairs support for a strong national
defense and law enforcement with free-market economics and traditional social values.
Modern liberalism generally favors expanding social welfare programs rather than
cutting them, making it an unlikely match.
Question 2 of 50
,During a campus debate, a 22-year-old sociology major argues that healthcare,
education, and housing should be treated as collective goods funded through
progressive taxation rather than distributed by market forces. She insists that
substantial wealth inequality undermines democratic participation and that worker
cooperatives should replace traditional corporate structures. Her views are most
characteristic of which ideology?
A. Neoliberalism
B. Paleoconservatism
C. Liberal feminism
D. Democratic socialism ✓ CORRECT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Democratic socialism advocates replacing market distribution of essential
goods with collective, democratically controlled provision and reducing wealth
inequality through progressive taxation. Neoliberalism relies on market mechanisms
and deregulation, which directly contradicts her argument for decommodification.
Question 3 of 50
A 45-year-old small-business owner in Austin attends a city council meeting to oppose a
proposed zoning ordinance that would restrict where his food truck can operate. He
tells reporters that government at every level routinely oversteps its authority, taxing
citizens too heavily and regulating personal choices ranging from business operations
to firearm possession. Which label best captures his core ideological position?
A. Libertarianism ✓ CORRECT
B. Communitarianism
C. Populism
D. Progressivism
Correct Answer: A
, Rationale: Libertarianism centers on minimizing government intervention in both
economic and personal spheres, emphasizing individual freedom and limited taxation.
Communitarianism prioritizes collective welfare and community standards over
individual autonomy, which conflicts with his opposition to zoning and regulation.
Question 4 of 50
In a 2023 Pew Research survey, a group of voters aged 18 to 29 consistently supported
environmental regulations, immigration reform with a pathway to citizenship, and
same-sex marriage rights, but simultaneously expressed skepticism about free-trade
agreements and corporate influence in politics. Political scientists would most
accurately categorize this combination of issue positions as:
A. Authoritarian populism
B. Social conservatism
C. Modern American liberalism ✓ CORRECT
D. Right-wing nationalism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Modern American liberalism combines progressive social views on
immigration and civil rights with economic skepticism about unchecked corporate
power and trade liberalization. Social conservatism opposes same-sex marriage and
typically favors restrictive immigration policies, making it inconsistent with these
positions.
Question 5 of 50
A retired military officer, age 68, writes an op-ed arguing that the United States should
withdraw from NATO, impose strict tariffs on all imported manufactured goods, and ban
foreign ownership of American farmland. He claims that "elites in Washington have sold
out ordinary workers to globalist corporations." His ideological orientation is best
described as:
