MAT 150 FINAL EXAMINATION TEST 2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW SHEET
◉ Population. Answer: The entire group being studied
◉ Sample. Answer: A subset of the population
◉ Parameter. Answer: A numerical value describing a population
◉ Statistic. Answer: A numerical value describing a sample
◉ Descriptive Statistics. Answer: Methods for summarizing and
displaying data (tables, graphs, averages)
◉ Inferential Statistics. Answer: Methods that use sample data to
draw conclusions about a population
◉ Observational Study. Answer: Researcher observes without
assigning treatments; shows association, not causation
, ◉ Experimental Study. Answer: Researcher assigns treatments; can
show cause-and-effect
◉ Placebo. Answer: A fake treatment with no active effect
◉ Control Group. Answer: Group that does not receive the
experimental treatment
◉ Simple Random Sampling. Answer: Every individual has an equal
chance of being selected
◉ Systematic Sampling. Answer: Select every nth individual
◉ Stratified Sampling. Answer: Divide population into subgroups
and sample from each
◉ Cluster Sampling. Answer: Randomly select entire groups and
study everyone in them
◉ Bias. Answer: A systematic error that skews results
◉ Variable. Answer: A characteristic that can change or vary
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW SHEET
◉ Population. Answer: The entire group being studied
◉ Sample. Answer: A subset of the population
◉ Parameter. Answer: A numerical value describing a population
◉ Statistic. Answer: A numerical value describing a sample
◉ Descriptive Statistics. Answer: Methods for summarizing and
displaying data (tables, graphs, averages)
◉ Inferential Statistics. Answer: Methods that use sample data to
draw conclusions about a population
◉ Observational Study. Answer: Researcher observes without
assigning treatments; shows association, not causation
, ◉ Experimental Study. Answer: Researcher assigns treatments; can
show cause-and-effect
◉ Placebo. Answer: A fake treatment with no active effect
◉ Control Group. Answer: Group that does not receive the
experimental treatment
◉ Simple Random Sampling. Answer: Every individual has an equal
chance of being selected
◉ Systematic Sampling. Answer: Select every nth individual
◉ Stratified Sampling. Answer: Divide population into subgroups
and sample from each
◉ Cluster Sampling. Answer: Randomly select entire groups and
study everyone in them
◉ Bias. Answer: A systematic error that skews results
◉ Variable. Answer: A characteristic that can change or vary
