NR 509 CASE: PRIMARY HYPERTENSION – 57-YEAR-OLD HISPANIC
MALE 200 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS
Here is a complete 200-question practice exam for NR 509 (Advanced Physical Assessment)
based on the provided case study: Primary Hypertension in a 57-Year-Old Overweight Hispanic
Male, Construction Worker and Smoker, Presenting with BP 170/92. Each question includes the
correct answer and a detailed rationale, following the requested format.
Section 1: Patient Demographics & Risk Factors (Q1-30)
1. Which demographic factor in this patient increases his risk for primary hypertension?
A. Age 57 years
B. Hispanic ethnicity
C. Male sex
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: Age >55 in men, male sex, and Hispanic ethnicity (along with African American) are
all non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension. Hispanics have high rates of uncontrolled HTN.
2. The patient’s occupation as a construction worker may contribute to hypertension through:
A. Increased physical activity lowering BP
B. Chronic stress and noise exposure
C. Access to healthy food at work
D. Regular breaks for relaxation
Answer: B
,Rationale: Construction work involves physical demands, irregular schedules, noise, and
psychosocial stress, all of which can elevate blood pressure chronically.
3. Which lifestyle factor in the history is the strongest modifiable risk factor for hypertension?
A. Overweight status
B. Smoking
C. Construction work
D. Hispanic ethnicity
Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking causes immediate and long-term increases in BP via vasoconstriction and
sympathetic activation. It also accelerates atherosclerosis.
4. The patient’s BMI is likely to be in which range given he is described as “overweight”?
A. 18.5–24.9
B. 25–29.9
C. 30–34.9
D. ≥35
Answer: B
Rationale: Overweight is defined as BMI 25–29.9 kg/m². Obesity is ≥30.
5. Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension in this patient?
A. Smoking
B. Weight
C. Age
D. Diet
,Answer: C
Rationale: Age is non-modifiable; smoking, weight, and diet can be changed.
6. The patient’s elevated BP was noted at a health fair. This type of screening is an example of:
A. Secondary prevention
B. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection of disease in asymptomatic
individuals. Health fair BP screening identifies hypertension before complications occur.
7. Which statement about hypertension in Hispanic men is accurate?
A. They have the lowest prevalence of HTN in the US
B. They have lower control rates than non-Hispanic whites
C. They rarely develop target organ damage
D. They are protected by diet
Answer: B
Rationale: Hispanic adults have similar HTN prevalence as whites but lower rates of BP control
due to access and cultural factors.
8. The patient’s smoking history should be quantified using:
A. Fagerström test
B. Pack-years
, C. CAGE questionnaire
D. AUDIT-C
Answer: B
Rationale: Pack-years (packs per day × years smoked) quantifies cumulative exposure.
Fagerström measures nicotine dependence.
9. Which comorbid condition is most likely to coexist with hypertension in an overweight
smoker?
A. Obstructive sleep apnea
B. Type 2 diabetes
C. Dyslipidemia
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance) is
common. Smoking adds vascular risk.
10. The patient’s age of 57 places him in which risk category for cardiovascular disease?
A. Low risk
B. Intermediate risk
C. High risk
D. No increased risk
Answer: C
Rationale: Men >55 with hypertension and smoking are at high 10-year ASCVD risk (usually
>20%).
MALE 200 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS
Here is a complete 200-question practice exam for NR 509 (Advanced Physical Assessment)
based on the provided case study: Primary Hypertension in a 57-Year-Old Overweight Hispanic
Male, Construction Worker and Smoker, Presenting with BP 170/92. Each question includes the
correct answer and a detailed rationale, following the requested format.
Section 1: Patient Demographics & Risk Factors (Q1-30)
1. Which demographic factor in this patient increases his risk for primary hypertension?
A. Age 57 years
B. Hispanic ethnicity
C. Male sex
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: Age >55 in men, male sex, and Hispanic ethnicity (along with African American) are
all non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension. Hispanics have high rates of uncontrolled HTN.
2. The patient’s occupation as a construction worker may contribute to hypertension through:
A. Increased physical activity lowering BP
B. Chronic stress and noise exposure
C. Access to healthy food at work
D. Regular breaks for relaxation
Answer: B
,Rationale: Construction work involves physical demands, irregular schedules, noise, and
psychosocial stress, all of which can elevate blood pressure chronically.
3. Which lifestyle factor in the history is the strongest modifiable risk factor for hypertension?
A. Overweight status
B. Smoking
C. Construction work
D. Hispanic ethnicity
Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking causes immediate and long-term increases in BP via vasoconstriction and
sympathetic activation. It also accelerates atherosclerosis.
4. The patient’s BMI is likely to be in which range given he is described as “overweight”?
A. 18.5–24.9
B. 25–29.9
C. 30–34.9
D. ≥35
Answer: B
Rationale: Overweight is defined as BMI 25–29.9 kg/m². Obesity is ≥30.
5. Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension in this patient?
A. Smoking
B. Weight
C. Age
D. Diet
,Answer: C
Rationale: Age is non-modifiable; smoking, weight, and diet can be changed.
6. The patient’s elevated BP was noted at a health fair. This type of screening is an example of:
A. Secondary prevention
B. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection of disease in asymptomatic
individuals. Health fair BP screening identifies hypertension before complications occur.
7. Which statement about hypertension in Hispanic men is accurate?
A. They have the lowest prevalence of HTN in the US
B. They have lower control rates than non-Hispanic whites
C. They rarely develop target organ damage
D. They are protected by diet
Answer: B
Rationale: Hispanic adults have similar HTN prevalence as whites but lower rates of BP control
due to access and cultural factors.
8. The patient’s smoking history should be quantified using:
A. Fagerström test
B. Pack-years
, C. CAGE questionnaire
D. AUDIT-C
Answer: B
Rationale: Pack-years (packs per day × years smoked) quantifies cumulative exposure.
Fagerström measures nicotine dependence.
9. Which comorbid condition is most likely to coexist with hypertension in an overweight
smoker?
A. Obstructive sleep apnea
B. Type 2 diabetes
C. Dyslipidemia
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance) is
common. Smoking adds vascular risk.
10. The patient’s age of 57 places him in which risk category for cardiovascular disease?
A. Low risk
B. Intermediate risk
C. High risk
D. No increased risk
Answer: C
Rationale: Men >55 with hypertension and smoking are at high 10-year ASCVD risk (usually
>20%).
