ORGANIZATION THEORY AND
DESIGN 13TH EDITION BY RICHARD
DAFT 2026 PRACTICE TEST
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
◉ Closed-system perspective.
Answer: Focuses exclusively upon the organization. Minimal
consideration is given to the environment. Organizations are effectively
sealed off from the outside world in this perspective.
◉ Open-system perspective.
Answer: Pays attention to the open boundary between the organization
and its context. Developing a design that effectively manages the
exchanges - across the boundary is key to survival and prosperity.
◉ Production.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for producing the product and
service outputs of the organization.
◉ Boundary spanning.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for enabling exchanges with
the external environment (purchasing supplies, marketing products).
◉ Maintenance.
, Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for smooth operation.
◉ Adaptation.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for organizational change and
adaptation.
◉ Management.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for coordinating and directing
the other subsystems.
◉ Technical core:.
Answer: An organizational part that includes diverse support staff who
do the basic work of the organization.
◉ Technical support.
Answer: An organizational part where employees scan the environment
for problems, opportunities and technological developments.
◉ Administrative support.
Answer: An organizational part that is responsible for the smooth
operation and upkeep of the organization, including its physical and
human elements.
◉ Top management.
DESIGN 13TH EDITION BY RICHARD
DAFT 2026 PRACTICE TEST
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
◉ Closed-system perspective.
Answer: Focuses exclusively upon the organization. Minimal
consideration is given to the environment. Organizations are effectively
sealed off from the outside world in this perspective.
◉ Open-system perspective.
Answer: Pays attention to the open boundary between the organization
and its context. Developing a design that effectively manages the
exchanges - across the boundary is key to survival and prosperity.
◉ Production.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for producing the product and
service outputs of the organization.
◉ Boundary spanning.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for enabling exchanges with
the external environment (purchasing supplies, marketing products).
◉ Maintenance.
, Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for smooth operation.
◉ Adaptation.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for organizational change and
adaptation.
◉ Management.
Answer: A subsystem that is responsible for coordinating and directing
the other subsystems.
◉ Technical core:.
Answer: An organizational part that includes diverse support staff who
do the basic work of the organization.
◉ Technical support.
Answer: An organizational part where employees scan the environment
for problems, opportunities and technological developments.
◉ Administrative support.
Answer: An organizational part that is responsible for the smooth
operation and upkeep of the organization, including its physical and
human elements.
◉ Top management.
