AP PSYCHOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
Psychology - ANS the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
behavior - ANS an observable action
monism - ANS seeing mind and body as different aspects of the same thing
dualism - ANS seeing mind and body as two different things that interact
eclectic - ANS use of techniques and ideas from a variety of approaches
empiricism - ANS the view that knowledge should be acquired through observation and often
an experiment
science - ANS way of getting knowledge about the world based on observation
theory - ANS a collection of interrelated ideas and facts put forward to describe, explain, and
predict behavior and mental processes
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 85
,scientific method - ANS in psychology, the techniques used to discover knowledge about
human behavior and mental processes
hypothesis - ANS a tentative statement or idea expressing a causal relationship between two
events or variables that is to be evaluated in a research study
experiment - ANS a procedure in which a researcher systematically manipulates and observes
elements of a situation in order to test a hypothesis and make a cause-and-effect statement
independent variable - ANS the variable in a controlled experiment that the experimenter
directly and purposefully manipulates to see how the other variables under study will be
affected
dependent variable - ANS the variable in a controlled experiment that is expected to change
due to the manipulation of the independent variable
experimental group - ANS in an experiment, the group of participants to whom a treatment is
given
control group - ANS subjects and not exposed to a changing variable in an experiment
variable - ANS a condition or characteristic of a situation or a person that is subject to change
(it varies) within or across situations or individuals
sample - ANS a group of participants who are assumed to be representative of the
population about which an inference is being made
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 85
,random sample - ANS selection of a part of the population without reason; participation is by
chance
operational definition - ANS a definition of a variable in terms of the set of methods or
procedures used to measure or study that variable
participant - ANS an individual who takes part in an experiment and whose behavior is
observed as part of the data collection process
double-blind procedure - ANS technique in which neither the persons involved for those
conducting the experiment know in what group to participate is involved
debriefing - ANS a procedure to inform participants about the true nature of an experiment
after its completion
ethics - ANS rules of proper and acceptable conduct that investigators use to guide
psychological research
ethnocentrism - ANS tendency to believe that one's own group is the standard, the reference
point by which other people and groups should be judged
case study - ANS a highly detailed description of a single individual or a vent
ex post facto study - ANS describes differences between groups of participants that differ
naturally on a variable such as race or gender
naturalistic observation - ANS observing and recording behavior naturally without trying to
manipulate and control the situation
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 85
, correlational research - ANS establish the relationship between two variables
survey research - ANS the measurement of public opinion through the use of sampling and
questioning
experimenter bias - ANS expectation of the person conducting an experiment which may be
affect the outcome
observer bias - ANS expectations of an observer which may distort an authentic observation
response bias - ANS preconceived notions of a person answering [a survey] which may alter
the experiments purpose
informed consent - ANS the agreement of participants to take part in an experiment and
their acknowledgement that they understand the nature of their participation in the research,
and have been fully informed about the general nature of the research, its goals, and methods
normal distribution - ANS approximate distribution of scores expected when a sample is
taken from a large population, drawn as a frequency polygon that often takes the form of a bell-
shaped curve, called the normal curve
placebo - ANS typically a pill that is used as a control in the experiment; a sugar pill
pseudoscience - ANS an unscientific system which pretends to discover psychological
information that his means are unscientific or deliberately fraudulent
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 85
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
Psychology - ANS the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
behavior - ANS an observable action
monism - ANS seeing mind and body as different aspects of the same thing
dualism - ANS seeing mind and body as two different things that interact
eclectic - ANS use of techniques and ideas from a variety of approaches
empiricism - ANS the view that knowledge should be acquired through observation and often
an experiment
science - ANS way of getting knowledge about the world based on observation
theory - ANS a collection of interrelated ideas and facts put forward to describe, explain, and
predict behavior and mental processes
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 85
,scientific method - ANS in psychology, the techniques used to discover knowledge about
human behavior and mental processes
hypothesis - ANS a tentative statement or idea expressing a causal relationship between two
events or variables that is to be evaluated in a research study
experiment - ANS a procedure in which a researcher systematically manipulates and observes
elements of a situation in order to test a hypothesis and make a cause-and-effect statement
independent variable - ANS the variable in a controlled experiment that the experimenter
directly and purposefully manipulates to see how the other variables under study will be
affected
dependent variable - ANS the variable in a controlled experiment that is expected to change
due to the manipulation of the independent variable
experimental group - ANS in an experiment, the group of participants to whom a treatment is
given
control group - ANS subjects and not exposed to a changing variable in an experiment
variable - ANS a condition or characteristic of a situation or a person that is subject to change
(it varies) within or across situations or individuals
sample - ANS a group of participants who are assumed to be representative of the
population about which an inference is being made
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 85
,random sample - ANS selection of a part of the population without reason; participation is by
chance
operational definition - ANS a definition of a variable in terms of the set of methods or
procedures used to measure or study that variable
participant - ANS an individual who takes part in an experiment and whose behavior is
observed as part of the data collection process
double-blind procedure - ANS technique in which neither the persons involved for those
conducting the experiment know in what group to participate is involved
debriefing - ANS a procedure to inform participants about the true nature of an experiment
after its completion
ethics - ANS rules of proper and acceptable conduct that investigators use to guide
psychological research
ethnocentrism - ANS tendency to believe that one's own group is the standard, the reference
point by which other people and groups should be judged
case study - ANS a highly detailed description of a single individual or a vent
ex post facto study - ANS describes differences between groups of participants that differ
naturally on a variable such as race or gender
naturalistic observation - ANS observing and recording behavior naturally without trying to
manipulate and control the situation
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 85
, correlational research - ANS establish the relationship between two variables
survey research - ANS the measurement of public opinion through the use of sampling and
questioning
experimenter bias - ANS expectation of the person conducting an experiment which may be
affect the outcome
observer bias - ANS expectations of an observer which may distort an authentic observation
response bias - ANS preconceived notions of a person answering [a survey] which may alter
the experiments purpose
informed consent - ANS the agreement of participants to take part in an experiment and
their acknowledgement that they understand the nature of their participation in the research,
and have been fully informed about the general nature of the research, its goals, and methods
normal distribution - ANS approximate distribution of scores expected when a sample is
taken from a large population, drawn as a frequency polygon that often takes the form of a bell-
shaped curve, called the normal curve
placebo - ANS typically a pill that is used as a control in the experiment; a sugar pill
pseudoscience - ANS an unscientific system which pretends to discover psychological
information that his means are unscientific or deliberately fraudulent
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 85
