SOCIOLOGY 111 LATEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Medicare - ✔✔A program for persons age 65 or older who are covered by S.S. or
who are eligible and "buy into" the program by paying a monthly premium.
✔✔Medicaid - ✔✔A jointly funded federal-state-local program makes health care more
available to the poor.
✔✔Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) - ✔✔Companies that provide, for a set
monthly fee, total care with an emphasis on prevention to avoid costly treatment later.
✔✔Managed Care - ✔✔Any system of cost containment that closely monitors and
controls health care providers' decisions about medical procedures, diagnostic tests,
and other services that should be provided to patients.
✔✔Uninsured/Underinsured - ✔✔One-third of all U.S. citizens are without health
insurance or have had difficulty getting or paying for medical care.
✔✔Universal Health Care System - ✔✔a health care system in which all citizens receive
medical services paid for by tax revenue
✔✔Socialized Medicine - ✔✔a health care system in which the government owns the
medical care facilities and employs the physicians.
✔✔Holistic Medicine - ✔✔an approach to health care that focuses on prevention of
illness and disease and is aimed at treating the whole person-the body and mind-rather
than just the part or parts in which symptoms occur.
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Functionalist Perspective - ✔✔The Sick Role Theory:
A set of patterned expectations that defines the norms and values appropriate for
individuals who are sick and for those who interact with them.
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Conflict Perspective - ✔✔Inequalities in Health and Health
Care Theory:
Emphasizes the political, economic, and social forces that affect health and health care
delivery system.
-Problems in health care are rooted in the capitalist system, exemplified by the medical-
industrial complex
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Symbolic Interactionist Perspective - ✔✔The Social
Construction of Illness Theory:
-Micro-scale
-Focus on the meanings that social actors give their illness or disease and how these
meanings affect people's self-concept and relationships with others.
, ✔✔Medicalization - ✔✔the process whereby non-medical problems become defined
and treated as illnesses or disorders.
✔✔Demedicalization - ✔✔the process whereby a problem ceases to be defined as an
illness or disorder.
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Postmodernist Perspective - ✔✔The Clinical Gaze Theory:
Doctors gain power through observing patients to gather information, thus appearing to
speak "wisely."
✔✔Disability - ✔✔a reduced ability to perform tasks one would normally do at a given
stage of life and that may result in stigmatization or discrimination.
✔✔(Disability) Functionalist Perspective - ✔✔Disability is deviance, is a perspective of...
✔✔(Disability) Symbolic Interactionist Perspective - ✔✔people with a disability
experience role ambiguity because many people equate disability with deviance. This is
a perspective of...
✔✔(Disability) Conflict Perspective - ✔✔persons with a disability are members of a
subordinate group who are against persons in positions of power in the government,
health care industry, and in rehabilitation business, all of whom are trying to control their
destinies. Perspective of...
✔✔Demography - ✔✔a subfield of sociology that examines population size,
composition, and distribution.
-Increase or decrease in population can have a powerful impact on the social,
economic, and political structures of society.
✔✔Fertility - ✔✔the actual level of childbearing for an individual or a population
✔✔Fecundity - ✔✔The potential number of children who could be born if every women
reproduced at her maximum biological capacity.
✔✔Crude Birth Rate - ✔✔the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a
given year.
✔✔Mortality - ✔✔the incidence of death in a population
✔✔Crude Death Rate - ✔✔the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a
given year.
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Medicare - ✔✔A program for persons age 65 or older who are covered by S.S. or
who are eligible and "buy into" the program by paying a monthly premium.
✔✔Medicaid - ✔✔A jointly funded federal-state-local program makes health care more
available to the poor.
✔✔Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) - ✔✔Companies that provide, for a set
monthly fee, total care with an emphasis on prevention to avoid costly treatment later.
✔✔Managed Care - ✔✔Any system of cost containment that closely monitors and
controls health care providers' decisions about medical procedures, diagnostic tests,
and other services that should be provided to patients.
✔✔Uninsured/Underinsured - ✔✔One-third of all U.S. citizens are without health
insurance or have had difficulty getting or paying for medical care.
✔✔Universal Health Care System - ✔✔a health care system in which all citizens receive
medical services paid for by tax revenue
✔✔Socialized Medicine - ✔✔a health care system in which the government owns the
medical care facilities and employs the physicians.
✔✔Holistic Medicine - ✔✔an approach to health care that focuses on prevention of
illness and disease and is aimed at treating the whole person-the body and mind-rather
than just the part or parts in which symptoms occur.
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Functionalist Perspective - ✔✔The Sick Role Theory:
A set of patterned expectations that defines the norms and values appropriate for
individuals who are sick and for those who interact with them.
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Conflict Perspective - ✔✔Inequalities in Health and Health
Care Theory:
Emphasizes the political, economic, and social forces that affect health and health care
delivery system.
-Problems in health care are rooted in the capitalist system, exemplified by the medical-
industrial complex
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Symbolic Interactionist Perspective - ✔✔The Social
Construction of Illness Theory:
-Micro-scale
-Focus on the meanings that social actors give their illness or disease and how these
meanings affect people's self-concept and relationships with others.
, ✔✔Medicalization - ✔✔the process whereby non-medical problems become defined
and treated as illnesses or disorders.
✔✔Demedicalization - ✔✔the process whereby a problem ceases to be defined as an
illness or disorder.
✔✔(Health and Medicine) Postmodernist Perspective - ✔✔The Clinical Gaze Theory:
Doctors gain power through observing patients to gather information, thus appearing to
speak "wisely."
✔✔Disability - ✔✔a reduced ability to perform tasks one would normally do at a given
stage of life and that may result in stigmatization or discrimination.
✔✔(Disability) Functionalist Perspective - ✔✔Disability is deviance, is a perspective of...
✔✔(Disability) Symbolic Interactionist Perspective - ✔✔people with a disability
experience role ambiguity because many people equate disability with deviance. This is
a perspective of...
✔✔(Disability) Conflict Perspective - ✔✔persons with a disability are members of a
subordinate group who are against persons in positions of power in the government,
health care industry, and in rehabilitation business, all of whom are trying to control their
destinies. Perspective of...
✔✔Demography - ✔✔a subfield of sociology that examines population size,
composition, and distribution.
-Increase or decrease in population can have a powerful impact on the social,
economic, and political structures of society.
✔✔Fertility - ✔✔the actual level of childbearing for an individual or a population
✔✔Fecundity - ✔✔The potential number of children who could be born if every women
reproduced at her maximum biological capacity.
✔✔Crude Birth Rate - ✔✔the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a
given year.
✔✔Mortality - ✔✔the incidence of death in a population
✔✔Crude Death Rate - ✔✔the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a
given year.
