SOCIOLOGY 111 LATEST 2026 EXAMINATION TEST
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
1. Spiders do not learn to build webs. They build webs because of _____ that are
triggered by basic biological needs such as protection and reproduction. - ✔✔Instincts
✔✔2. According to sociologists, _____ is the practice of judging all other cultures by
one's own culture. It is based on the assumption that one's own way of life is superior to
all others. - ✔✔Ethnocentrism
✔✔3. Jeffery Dahmer was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison for this
offense. He also practiced cannibalism on his victims. In this situation, the act of murder
could be described as the violation of a _____, while cannibalism could be described as
the violation of a _____. - ✔✔Mores;TAboo
✔✔4. A _____ is a category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs,
values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant
culture. - ✔✔Subculture
✔✔5. Values provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we
should behave. _____ are established rules of behavior or standards of conduct. -
✔✔Norms
✔✔6. A _____ is a group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and
seeks alternative lifestyles. - ✔✔Counterculture
✔✔7. _____ state what behavior is inappropriate or unacceptable. Laws that prohibit us
from driving over the speed limit and "good manners" that preclude you from reading a
newspaper during class are examples. - ✔✔Proscriptive norms
✔✔8. Not all norms are of equal importance; _____ are written down and involve
specific punishments for violators. Laws are the most common type; they have been
codified and may be enforced by sanctions. - ✔✔Formal Norms
✔✔9. After having successfully negotiated an important business contract with a major
client, Joyce's boss congratulated her and promised her a significant pay raise. In this
situation, Joyce has received what sociologists refer to as a _____ - ✔✔Positive
Sanction
✔✔10. _____ consists of the abstract or intangible human creations of society that
influence people's behavior. - ✔✔Nonmaterial culture
,✔✔11. _____ is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that
are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human
group or society. - ✔✔Culture
✔✔12. _____ is essential for our individual survival and our communication with other
people. We rely on it because we are not born with the information we need to survive.
We must learn through interaction, observation, and imitation in order to participate as
members of the group. - ✔✔Culture
✔✔13. _____ consists of physical or tangible creations that members of a society make,
use, and share. - ✔✔Material Culture
✔✔14. Some norms are considered to be highly essential to the stability of society.
_____ are strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that may not be
violated without serious consequences in a particular culture. - ✔✔Mores
✔✔15. _____ norms state what behavior is appropriate or acceptable. For example,
persons making a certain amount of money are expected to file a tax return and pay any
taxes they owe. - ✔✔Prescriptive
✔✔16. _____ are collective ideas about what is right and wrong, good or bad, and
desirable or undesirable in a particular culture. - ✔✔Values
✔✔17. _____ is the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures
radically different from their own and believe they cannot depend on their own taken-for-
granted assumption about life. - ✔✔Culture Shock
✔✔18. A(n) _____ is anything that meaningfully represents something else. Culture
could not exist without them because there would be no shared meanings among
people. - ✔✔Symbol
✔✔19. _____ theorists view language as a source of power and social control; it
perpetuates inequalities between people and between groups because words are used
to "keep people in their place." - ✔✔Conflict
✔✔20. "American society stands for equal opportunity for all." This statement
exemplifies _____ culture, which refers to the values and standards that people in a
society profess to hold. - ✔✔Ideal
✔✔21. People may claim to be law-abiding, but they engage in behaviors that are
illegal. This exemplifies _____ culture, which refers to the values and standards of
behavior that people actually follow. - ✔✔Real
, ✔✔22. The strongest mores are referred to as _____. They are so strong that their
violation is considered to be extremely offensive and even unmentionable. - ✔✔Taboos
✔✔23. _____ are values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive
(achieving one makes it difficult, if not impossible, to achieve another). - ✔✔Value
Contradictions
✔✔1. According to sociologist George Hebert Mead, during the _____ stage of self-
development, children understand not only their own social position but also the
positions of others around them. - ✔✔Game
✔✔2. Psychologist Jean Piaget was a pioneer in the field of _____ which relates to
changes over time in how people think. - ✔✔Cognitive development
✔✔3. A person with very long hair plans to enlist in the armed forces. Prior to the date
of his/her enlistment, this individual goes to a stylist and instructs the barber or
beautician to cut his/her hair to military specifications. This exemplifies _____ -
✔✔Anticipatory
✔✔4. According to the text, the _____ is the most import agent of socialization in all
societies. - ✔✔Family
✔✔5. _____ are the persons, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know
in order to participate in society. - ✔✔Agents of socialization
✔✔6. _____ is the lifelong process of social interaction through which individuals
acquire a self-identity and the physical, mental, and social skills needed for survival in
society. - ✔✔Socialization
✔✔7. _____ is the aspect of socialization that contains specific messages and practices
concerning the nature of one's racial or ethnic status as it relates to our identity,
interpersonal relationships, and location in the social hierarchy. - ✔✔Racial
Socialization
✔✔8. According to sociologist Charles Horton Cooley, the _____ refers to the way in
which a person's sense of self is derived from the perceptions of others. - ✔✔Looking
Glass Self
✔✔9. George Herbert Mead breaks down the development of the self into three stages.
Which is not one of them? - ✔✔Conventional. The stages are: preparatory, play, and
game
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
1. Spiders do not learn to build webs. They build webs because of _____ that are
triggered by basic biological needs such as protection and reproduction. - ✔✔Instincts
✔✔2. According to sociologists, _____ is the practice of judging all other cultures by
one's own culture. It is based on the assumption that one's own way of life is superior to
all others. - ✔✔Ethnocentrism
✔✔3. Jeffery Dahmer was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison for this
offense. He also practiced cannibalism on his victims. In this situation, the act of murder
could be described as the violation of a _____, while cannibalism could be described as
the violation of a _____. - ✔✔Mores;TAboo
✔✔4. A _____ is a category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs,
values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant
culture. - ✔✔Subculture
✔✔5. Values provide ideals of beliefs about behavior but do not state explicitly how we
should behave. _____ are established rules of behavior or standards of conduct. -
✔✔Norms
✔✔6. A _____ is a group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and
seeks alternative lifestyles. - ✔✔Counterculture
✔✔7. _____ state what behavior is inappropriate or unacceptable. Laws that prohibit us
from driving over the speed limit and "good manners" that preclude you from reading a
newspaper during class are examples. - ✔✔Proscriptive norms
✔✔8. Not all norms are of equal importance; _____ are written down and involve
specific punishments for violators. Laws are the most common type; they have been
codified and may be enforced by sanctions. - ✔✔Formal Norms
✔✔9. After having successfully negotiated an important business contract with a major
client, Joyce's boss congratulated her and promised her a significant pay raise. In this
situation, Joyce has received what sociologists refer to as a _____ - ✔✔Positive
Sanction
✔✔10. _____ consists of the abstract or intangible human creations of society that
influence people's behavior. - ✔✔Nonmaterial culture
,✔✔11. _____ is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that
are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human
group or society. - ✔✔Culture
✔✔12. _____ is essential for our individual survival and our communication with other
people. We rely on it because we are not born with the information we need to survive.
We must learn through interaction, observation, and imitation in order to participate as
members of the group. - ✔✔Culture
✔✔13. _____ consists of physical or tangible creations that members of a society make,
use, and share. - ✔✔Material Culture
✔✔14. Some norms are considered to be highly essential to the stability of society.
_____ are strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that may not be
violated without serious consequences in a particular culture. - ✔✔Mores
✔✔15. _____ norms state what behavior is appropriate or acceptable. For example,
persons making a certain amount of money are expected to file a tax return and pay any
taxes they owe. - ✔✔Prescriptive
✔✔16. _____ are collective ideas about what is right and wrong, good or bad, and
desirable or undesirable in a particular culture. - ✔✔Values
✔✔17. _____ is the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures
radically different from their own and believe they cannot depend on their own taken-for-
granted assumption about life. - ✔✔Culture Shock
✔✔18. A(n) _____ is anything that meaningfully represents something else. Culture
could not exist without them because there would be no shared meanings among
people. - ✔✔Symbol
✔✔19. _____ theorists view language as a source of power and social control; it
perpetuates inequalities between people and between groups because words are used
to "keep people in their place." - ✔✔Conflict
✔✔20. "American society stands for equal opportunity for all." This statement
exemplifies _____ culture, which refers to the values and standards that people in a
society profess to hold. - ✔✔Ideal
✔✔21. People may claim to be law-abiding, but they engage in behaviors that are
illegal. This exemplifies _____ culture, which refers to the values and standards of
behavior that people actually follow. - ✔✔Real
, ✔✔22. The strongest mores are referred to as _____. They are so strong that their
violation is considered to be extremely offensive and even unmentionable. - ✔✔Taboos
✔✔23. _____ are values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive
(achieving one makes it difficult, if not impossible, to achieve another). - ✔✔Value
Contradictions
✔✔1. According to sociologist George Hebert Mead, during the _____ stage of self-
development, children understand not only their own social position but also the
positions of others around them. - ✔✔Game
✔✔2. Psychologist Jean Piaget was a pioneer in the field of _____ which relates to
changes over time in how people think. - ✔✔Cognitive development
✔✔3. A person with very long hair plans to enlist in the armed forces. Prior to the date
of his/her enlistment, this individual goes to a stylist and instructs the barber or
beautician to cut his/her hair to military specifications. This exemplifies _____ -
✔✔Anticipatory
✔✔4. According to the text, the _____ is the most import agent of socialization in all
societies. - ✔✔Family
✔✔5. _____ are the persons, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know
in order to participate in society. - ✔✔Agents of socialization
✔✔6. _____ is the lifelong process of social interaction through which individuals
acquire a self-identity and the physical, mental, and social skills needed for survival in
society. - ✔✔Socialization
✔✔7. _____ is the aspect of socialization that contains specific messages and practices
concerning the nature of one's racial or ethnic status as it relates to our identity,
interpersonal relationships, and location in the social hierarchy. - ✔✔Racial
Socialization
✔✔8. According to sociologist Charles Horton Cooley, the _____ refers to the way in
which a person's sense of self is derived from the perceptions of others. - ✔✔Looking
Glass Self
✔✔9. George Herbert Mead breaks down the development of the self into three stages.
Which is not one of them? - ✔✔Conventional. The stages are: preparatory, play, and
game
