What is a theory? - ANSWER A set of facts or principles analyzed in relation to one an-
other and used to explain phenomena(a fact or behavior that can be observed)
How do you create a positive environment for children in your care? - ANSWER *Ensure
learning centers have ample space for movement.
*Reduce the number of transitions throughout the day.
*Ensure the environment feels safe for the child.
*Provide activities that are slightly challenging to the child.
*Provide activities to increase development without causing frustration.
Abraham Maslow developed what? - ANSWER The hierarchy of human needs
How many levels does Maslow's hierarchy have? - ANSWER Five
What are the 5 levels of Maslows hierarchy? - ANSWER Level 1-Physical
Level 2-Comfort and Saftey
Level 3- Social
Level 4-Self-esteem
Level 5-Self-Actualizing
What are examples of a Physical need? - ANSWER *Air to breathe
*Shelter to protect
*Water to drink
*Food to eat
*Clothes to wear
1
,*Health care
What are examples of Comfort and Saftey? - ANSWER *Safety
*Security
*Stability
*Transportation
*Safe relationships
*Child care
What are some examples of Self-Esteem? - ANSWER *Adequacy
*Confidence
*Importance
*Sense of efficiency,capability,resilency,hopefulness
*Ability to cope and problem solve
What are some examples of Self-Actualizing? - ANSWER *Fulfill one's life purpose and
meaning
*Being all that one is able to be
*Spirituality
*Personal emotional response
*Refinement of interpersonal skills
What does the heirarchy of needs mean to you as a child care professional? - ANSWER
*Basic needs must be met first,when not met,the child's self worth suffers.
*Neglect can occur at all levels,not just basic needs.All needs are important.
*Child care professionals need to be aware of the family circumstances to understand what
needs are beig met at home.
2
,What are some hints that will help you remember Maslows's theory? - ANSWER *If you
close the "M" at the bottom, it will form triangles or pyramids.
*Maslow studies human needs.
*What motivates children to act the way they do? Needs being met.
Do the lower levels of needs have to be met before higher needs can be accomplished? -
ANSWER Yes
Successfully meeting the needs at each level results in what? - ANSWER Fulfilling one's
life with purpose and meaning.
Erik Erikson developed what? - ANSWER He developed eight pyschosocial stages through
which humans develop throughout their entire lifetime. It is called the Eight Conflicts in
Emotional Development.
How is Erik Erikson recognized? - ANSWER As a development pyschologist who can be
compared to Sigmund Freud because of his theory that humans develop in stages.
What are each of Erikson's stages called? - ANSWER Conflicts
Moving successfully through each of Erikson's stages results in what? - ANSWER A strong
social and emotional life.
What is the first conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented at? - ANSWER
Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to 1 year)
What is the second conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented? - AN-
SWER Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1 to 3 years)
3
, What is the third conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented? - ANSWER
Initiative vs. Guilt (4 to 5 years)
What is the fourth conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented? - ANSWER
Industry vs. Inferiority (6 to 12 years)
Why don't we study Erikson's Conflicts 5-8? - ANSWER They are important in the study of
human development,but they are less significant in child development,because Erikson be-
lieves that they occur after the age of 12.
What is the meaning of Trust vs. Conflict - ANSWER *Trust is developed over time by
providing an infant with a consistent,comforting environment.
*When needs are met,trust is established.
*Trust builds a emotional foundation.
*A lack of trust can result in proor emotional stability.
What is the meaning of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt? - ANSWER *Toddlers need to
explore their own bodies and environment in order to become confident about themselves.
*When autonomy is allowed a person can become comfortable with his/her choices.
*A lack of autonomy can result in a feeling of shame or insecurity.
What is the meaning of Initiative vs. Guilt? - ANSWER *When initiative is encourged,a
person experiments within one's environment.
*4 or 5 year olds begin to develop an interest in exploring beyond themselves.
*Children who can't explore will be prone to guilt for their actions.
*A lack of industry can result in a feeling of low self worth.
What does Erikson's theory mean to a child care professional? - ANSWER It means they
can:
*Create relationships with children based on trust.
4
other and used to explain phenomena(a fact or behavior that can be observed)
How do you create a positive environment for children in your care? - ANSWER *Ensure
learning centers have ample space for movement.
*Reduce the number of transitions throughout the day.
*Ensure the environment feels safe for the child.
*Provide activities that are slightly challenging to the child.
*Provide activities to increase development without causing frustration.
Abraham Maslow developed what? - ANSWER The hierarchy of human needs
How many levels does Maslow's hierarchy have? - ANSWER Five
What are the 5 levels of Maslows hierarchy? - ANSWER Level 1-Physical
Level 2-Comfort and Saftey
Level 3- Social
Level 4-Self-esteem
Level 5-Self-Actualizing
What are examples of a Physical need? - ANSWER *Air to breathe
*Shelter to protect
*Water to drink
*Food to eat
*Clothes to wear
1
,*Health care
What are examples of Comfort and Saftey? - ANSWER *Safety
*Security
*Stability
*Transportation
*Safe relationships
*Child care
What are some examples of Self-Esteem? - ANSWER *Adequacy
*Confidence
*Importance
*Sense of efficiency,capability,resilency,hopefulness
*Ability to cope and problem solve
What are some examples of Self-Actualizing? - ANSWER *Fulfill one's life purpose and
meaning
*Being all that one is able to be
*Spirituality
*Personal emotional response
*Refinement of interpersonal skills
What does the heirarchy of needs mean to you as a child care professional? - ANSWER
*Basic needs must be met first,when not met,the child's self worth suffers.
*Neglect can occur at all levels,not just basic needs.All needs are important.
*Child care professionals need to be aware of the family circumstances to understand what
needs are beig met at home.
2
,What are some hints that will help you remember Maslows's theory? - ANSWER *If you
close the "M" at the bottom, it will form triangles or pyramids.
*Maslow studies human needs.
*What motivates children to act the way they do? Needs being met.
Do the lower levels of needs have to be met before higher needs can be accomplished? -
ANSWER Yes
Successfully meeting the needs at each level results in what? - ANSWER Fulfilling one's
life with purpose and meaning.
Erik Erikson developed what? - ANSWER He developed eight pyschosocial stages through
which humans develop throughout their entire lifetime. It is called the Eight Conflicts in
Emotional Development.
How is Erik Erikson recognized? - ANSWER As a development pyschologist who can be
compared to Sigmund Freud because of his theory that humans develop in stages.
What are each of Erikson's stages called? - ANSWER Conflicts
Moving successfully through each of Erikson's stages results in what? - ANSWER A strong
social and emotional life.
What is the first conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented at? - ANSWER
Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to 1 year)
What is the second conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented? - AN-
SWER Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1 to 3 years)
3
, What is the third conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented? - ANSWER
Initiative vs. Guilt (4 to 5 years)
What is the fourth conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented? - ANSWER
Industry vs. Inferiority (6 to 12 years)
Why don't we study Erikson's Conflicts 5-8? - ANSWER They are important in the study of
human development,but they are less significant in child development,because Erikson be-
lieves that they occur after the age of 12.
What is the meaning of Trust vs. Conflict - ANSWER *Trust is developed over time by
providing an infant with a consistent,comforting environment.
*When needs are met,trust is established.
*Trust builds a emotional foundation.
*A lack of trust can result in proor emotional stability.
What is the meaning of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt? - ANSWER *Toddlers need to
explore their own bodies and environment in order to become confident about themselves.
*When autonomy is allowed a person can become comfortable with his/her choices.
*A lack of autonomy can result in a feeling of shame or insecurity.
What is the meaning of Initiative vs. Guilt? - ANSWER *When initiative is encourged,a
person experiments within one's environment.
*4 or 5 year olds begin to develop an interest in exploring beyond themselves.
*Children who can't explore will be prone to guilt for their actions.
*A lack of industry can result in a feeling of low self worth.
What does Erikson's theory mean to a child care professional? - ANSWER It means they
can:
*Create relationships with children based on trust.
4
