Hypertension and Cardiac Care 100
Question Practice Exam With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed Solutions
| Already Graded A+ | 2026 Latest
Update!!!
1. Which blood pressure reading is classified as normal for an
adult?
A. 118/76 mmHg
B. 130/84 mmHg
C. 142/92 mmHg
D. 150/96 mmHg
Answer: A. 118/76 mmHg
Rationale: A blood pressure reading below 120/80 mmHg is
considered normal for adults. Readings above this range may indicate
elevated blood pressure or hypertension. Early recognition of normal
versus abnormal blood pressure levels helps prevent long-term
cardiovascular complications.
2. Which factor is considered a major modifiable risk factor for
hypertension?
,A. Family history
B. Age
C. Obesity
D. Ethnicity
Answer: C. Obesity
Rationale: Obesity significantly increases the risk of hypertension
because excess body weight places additional strain on the heart and
blood vessels. Lifestyle changes such as diet modification, exercise,
and weight loss can reduce blood pressure and improve cardiovascular
health.
3. Which assessment finding is most commonly associated with
left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Hepatomegaly
Answer: C. Crackles in the lungs
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary congestion due
to ineffective pumping of blood from the left ventricle. Fluid
accumulates in the lungs, causing crackles, dyspnea, and decreased
oxygenation. Peripheral edema is more commonly associated with
right-sided heart failure.
4. Which laboratory test is most useful in evaluating myocardial
injury?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Troponin
C. Potassium
D. Platelet count
,Answer: B. Troponin
Rationale: Troponin is a cardiac biomarker released into the
bloodstream when myocardial damage occurs. Elevated troponin levels
strongly indicate myocardial infarction or cardiac injury. It is
considered more specific than other enzymes for detecting heart
muscle damage.
5. A nurse is teaching a patient about reducing hypertension.
Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
A. “I will increase my salt intake.”
B. “I will stop exercising.”
C. “I will monitor my blood pressure regularly.”
D. “I should avoid fruits and vegetables.”
Answer: C. “I will monitor my blood pressure regularly.”
Rationale: Regular blood pressure monitoring helps patients recognize
trends and evaluate treatment effectiveness. Lifestyle modifications
such as reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly, and consuming
fruits and vegetables are essential in hypertension management.
6. Which medication classification is commonly prescribed as a
first-line treatment for hypertension?
A. Antibiotics
B. Diuretics
C. Anticoagulants
D. Bronchodilators
Answer: B. Diuretics
Rationale: Diuretics reduce blood pressure by promoting sodium and
water excretion, thereby decreasing blood volume. Thiazide diuretics
are often prescribed as first-line agents because they effectively lower
blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
, 7. Which symptom is most commonly associated with angina
pectoris?
A. Sharp abdominal pain
B. Chest pressure during exertion
C. Severe headache
D. Pain relieved by coughing
Answer: B. Chest pressure during exertion
Rationale: Angina pectoris occurs when the heart muscle receives
insufficient oxygen. Patients often describe chest discomfort as
pressure, squeezing, or heaviness that worsens with exertion and
improves with rest or nitroglycerin.
8. Which electrolyte imbalance increases the risk for cardiac
dysrhythmias?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Potassium is essential for normal cardiac electrical
conduction. Low potassium levels can disrupt cardiac rhythm and
increase the risk of dangerous dysrhythmias, especially in patients
taking diuretics.
9. Which position helps reduce shortness of breath in a patient
with heart failure?
A. Supine position
B. Trendelenburg position
C. High Fowler’s position
D. Prone position
Question Practice Exam With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed Solutions
| Already Graded A+ | 2026 Latest
Update!!!
1. Which blood pressure reading is classified as normal for an
adult?
A. 118/76 mmHg
B. 130/84 mmHg
C. 142/92 mmHg
D. 150/96 mmHg
Answer: A. 118/76 mmHg
Rationale: A blood pressure reading below 120/80 mmHg is
considered normal for adults. Readings above this range may indicate
elevated blood pressure or hypertension. Early recognition of normal
versus abnormal blood pressure levels helps prevent long-term
cardiovascular complications.
2. Which factor is considered a major modifiable risk factor for
hypertension?
,A. Family history
B. Age
C. Obesity
D. Ethnicity
Answer: C. Obesity
Rationale: Obesity significantly increases the risk of hypertension
because excess body weight places additional strain on the heart and
blood vessels. Lifestyle changes such as diet modification, exercise,
and weight loss can reduce blood pressure and improve cardiovascular
health.
3. Which assessment finding is most commonly associated with
left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular vein distention
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Hepatomegaly
Answer: C. Crackles in the lungs
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary congestion due
to ineffective pumping of blood from the left ventricle. Fluid
accumulates in the lungs, causing crackles, dyspnea, and decreased
oxygenation. Peripheral edema is more commonly associated with
right-sided heart failure.
4. Which laboratory test is most useful in evaluating myocardial
injury?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Troponin
C. Potassium
D. Platelet count
,Answer: B. Troponin
Rationale: Troponin is a cardiac biomarker released into the
bloodstream when myocardial damage occurs. Elevated troponin levels
strongly indicate myocardial infarction or cardiac injury. It is
considered more specific than other enzymes for detecting heart
muscle damage.
5. A nurse is teaching a patient about reducing hypertension.
Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
A. “I will increase my salt intake.”
B. “I will stop exercising.”
C. “I will monitor my blood pressure regularly.”
D. “I should avoid fruits and vegetables.”
Answer: C. “I will monitor my blood pressure regularly.”
Rationale: Regular blood pressure monitoring helps patients recognize
trends and evaluate treatment effectiveness. Lifestyle modifications
such as reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly, and consuming
fruits and vegetables are essential in hypertension management.
6. Which medication classification is commonly prescribed as a
first-line treatment for hypertension?
A. Antibiotics
B. Diuretics
C. Anticoagulants
D. Bronchodilators
Answer: B. Diuretics
Rationale: Diuretics reduce blood pressure by promoting sodium and
water excretion, thereby decreasing blood volume. Thiazide diuretics
are often prescribed as first-line agents because they effectively lower
blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
, 7. Which symptom is most commonly associated with angina
pectoris?
A. Sharp abdominal pain
B. Chest pressure during exertion
C. Severe headache
D. Pain relieved by coughing
Answer: B. Chest pressure during exertion
Rationale: Angina pectoris occurs when the heart muscle receives
insufficient oxygen. Patients often describe chest discomfort as
pressure, squeezing, or heaviness that worsens with exertion and
improves with rest or nitroglycerin.
8. Which electrolyte imbalance increases the risk for cardiac
dysrhythmias?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Potassium is essential for normal cardiac electrical
conduction. Low potassium levels can disrupt cardiac rhythm and
increase the risk of dangerous dysrhythmias, especially in patients
taking diuretics.
9. Which position helps reduce shortness of breath in a patient
with heart failure?
A. Supine position
B. Trendelenburg position
C. High Fowler’s position
D. Prone position
