NCLEX EXAM vc
Exam Solution vc
Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam 2026 A+ GRADE AS vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
SURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWER vc vc vc vc vc
S (87522)
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QUESTION 1 vc
COPD Exercises vc
ANSWER
-position patient to provide lung expansion with elevated back rest, pillows, and chair sitting -
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Breathing techniques: diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing, pursed lip breathing -
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collaborate with patient and PT to develop exercise plan -remind patient to perform exercises 2-
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3 times each week
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QUESTION 2 vc
COPD- energy conservation techniques
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ANSWER
-daily schedule for rest/work periods -avoid working with arms raised or reaching above head -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
adjust work heights to reduce back strain -prevent jerky movements that waste energy -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
adaptive tools for housework -organize work space -
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no talking when engaging in physical acitivity to conserve energy -avoid breath-
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holding when performing activities
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QUESTION 3 vc
COPD- assessment vc
ANSWER
-
respiratory changes: rapid, shallow, paradoxical, use of accessory muscles, excursion, abnormal lung sou
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nds, increased chest diameter, cough w/mucous production -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
cardiovascular changes: HR and rhythm, swelling of feet/ankles, cyanosis, delayed cap refill, clubbing of
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
fingers - vc
,psychosocial issues: social isolation, exposure to smoke or crowded living situations, role changes, decre
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ased self esteem, anxiety and fear r/t dyspnea, patient/family expression of feelings and awareness and
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
use of support groups. -
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diagnostic and lab tests: serial ABG for hypoxemia and hypercarbia, oxygen saturation, sputum cultures,
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
hct and hgb for polycythemia, electrolyte levels, serum AAT levels for those with family history, chest x-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ray, PFT, peak expiratory flow rates, carbon monoxide diffusion test
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 4 vc
Vit B12 Deficiency Symptoms
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ANSWER
-Weakness, tiredness, or lightheadedness -Heart palpitations and shortness of breath -Pale skin -
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A smooth tongue -Constipation, diarrhea, loss of appetite, or gas -
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Nerve problems like numbness or tingling, muscle weakness, and problems walking -Vision loss -
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Mental problems like depression, memory loss, or behavioral changes
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QUESTION 5 vc
Risk factors for Cholelithiasis
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ANSWER
-FEMALE, FAT, FORTY -Being age 40 or older -Being a Native American -Being a Mexican-American -
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Being overweight or obese -Being sedentary -Being pregnant -Eating a high-fat diet -Eating a high-
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cholesterol diet -Eating a low-fiber diet -Having a family history of gallstones -Having diabetes -
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Losing weight very quickly -
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Taking medications that contain estrogen, such as oral contraceptives or hormone therapy drugs -
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Having liver disease vc vc
QUESTION 6 vc
GI Age-related Changes
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ANSWER
Stomach-atrophy of gastric mucosa, decrease in HCl acid levels Large intestine- vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
peristalsis decreases and nerve impulses are dulled Pancreas-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
distention and dilation of pancreatic ducts, calcification of pancreatic vessels occurs with a decrease in li
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
pase production Liver-
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Decrease in number and size of hepatic cells leads to decreased liver weight. Increase in fibrous tissue.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Decreased protein synthesis and changes in enzymes. cholesterol synthesis diminished.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 7 vc
Ascites- possible treatments vc vc
ANSWER
, -A low-sodium diet and bed rest. -Diuretics. -Removal of ascitic fluid (therapeutic paracentesis) -
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Sometimes surgery to reroute blood flow (portosystemic shunting) or liver transplantation. -
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For spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, antibiotics.
vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 8 vc
GERD- Care of Patient vc vc vc
ANSWER
-Explore patient's meal plan and food preferences -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Collaborate with dietician, pt, and family to plan dietary modifications -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Limit/eliminate foods that decrease pressure of lower esophageal sphincter and irritate inflamed tissue.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc v
-avoid chocolate, peppermint, fatty fried foods, carbonated beverages -
c vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
eat small meals that aren't spicy or acidic -avoid eating for 3+ hours before bed -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
eliminate alcohol and tobacco -remain upright after meals 1-2 hours -weight reduction -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
smoking cessation -instruct pt to sleep in right side-lying position -avoid wearing tight-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
fitting clothes and working in bent-over or stooped position -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
PPIs main treatment and provide effective, long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 9 vc
Colostomy- patient education vc vc
ANSWER
-normal appearance of stoma -s/sx of complications -how to measure stoma -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
choice, use, care, and application of appropriate appliance to cover stoma -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
how to protect skin adjacent to stoma -dietary measures to control gas and odor
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 10 vc
post-op colostomy- patient education vc vc vc
ANSWER
-avoid heavy lifting or straining on defecation to prevent tension on the anastomosis site -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
avoid driving for 4-6 weeks -note frequency, amt, character of stool -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
for colon resection watch for and report manifestations of bowel obstruction and perforation (ex: cramp
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ing, pain, N/V) -look for signs of incisional healing/infection
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 11 vc
Stages of Cancer vc vc
ANSWER
-Initiation -Promotion -Progression -Metastasis
vc vc vc
Exam Solution vc
Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam 2026 A+ GRADE AS vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
SURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWER vc vc vc vc vc
S (87522)
vc
QUESTION 1 vc
COPD Exercises vc
ANSWER
-position patient to provide lung expansion with elevated back rest, pillows, and chair sitting -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Breathing techniques: diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing, pursed lip breathing -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
collaborate with patient and PT to develop exercise plan -remind patient to perform exercises 2-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
3 times each week
vc vc vc
QUESTION 2 vc
COPD- energy conservation techniques
vc vc vc
ANSWER
-daily schedule for rest/work periods -avoid working with arms raised or reaching above head -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
adjust work heights to reduce back strain -prevent jerky movements that waste energy -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
adaptive tools for housework -organize work space -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
no talking when engaging in physical acitivity to conserve energy -avoid breath-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
holding when performing activities
vc vc vc
QUESTION 3 vc
COPD- assessment vc
ANSWER
-
respiratory changes: rapid, shallow, paradoxical, use of accessory muscles, excursion, abnormal lung sou
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
nds, increased chest diameter, cough w/mucous production -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
cardiovascular changes: HR and rhythm, swelling of feet/ankles, cyanosis, delayed cap refill, clubbing of
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
fingers - vc
,psychosocial issues: social isolation, exposure to smoke or crowded living situations, role changes, decre
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ased self esteem, anxiety and fear r/t dyspnea, patient/family expression of feelings and awareness and
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
use of support groups. -
vc vc vc vc
diagnostic and lab tests: serial ABG for hypoxemia and hypercarbia, oxygen saturation, sputum cultures,
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
hct and hgb for polycythemia, electrolyte levels, serum AAT levels for those with family history, chest x-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ray, PFT, peak expiratory flow rates, carbon monoxide diffusion test
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 4 vc
Vit B12 Deficiency Symptoms
vc vc vc
ANSWER
-Weakness, tiredness, or lightheadedness -Heart palpitations and shortness of breath -Pale skin -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
A smooth tongue -Constipation, diarrhea, loss of appetite, or gas -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Nerve problems like numbness or tingling, muscle weakness, and problems walking -Vision loss -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Mental problems like depression, memory loss, or behavioral changes
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 5 vc
Risk factors for Cholelithiasis
vc vc vc
ANSWER
-FEMALE, FAT, FORTY -Being age 40 or older -Being a Native American -Being a Mexican-American -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Being overweight or obese -Being sedentary -Being pregnant -Eating a high-fat diet -Eating a high-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
cholesterol diet -Eating a low-fiber diet -Having a family history of gallstones -Having diabetes -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Losing weight very quickly -
vc vc vc vc
Taking medications that contain estrogen, such as oral contraceptives or hormone therapy drugs -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Having liver disease vc vc
QUESTION 6 vc
GI Age-related Changes
vc vc
ANSWER
Stomach-atrophy of gastric mucosa, decrease in HCl acid levels Large intestine- vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
peristalsis decreases and nerve impulses are dulled Pancreas-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
distention and dilation of pancreatic ducts, calcification of pancreatic vessels occurs with a decrease in li
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
pase production Liver-
vc vc
Decrease in number and size of hepatic cells leads to decreased liver weight. Increase in fibrous tissue.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Decreased protein synthesis and changes in enzymes. cholesterol synthesis diminished.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 7 vc
Ascites- possible treatments vc vc
ANSWER
, -A low-sodium diet and bed rest. -Diuretics. -Removal of ascitic fluid (therapeutic paracentesis) -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Sometimes surgery to reroute blood flow (portosystemic shunting) or liver transplantation. -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
For spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, antibiotics.
vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 8 vc
GERD- Care of Patient vc vc vc
ANSWER
-Explore patient's meal plan and food preferences -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Collaborate with dietician, pt, and family to plan dietary modifications -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
Limit/eliminate foods that decrease pressure of lower esophageal sphincter and irritate inflamed tissue.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc v
-avoid chocolate, peppermint, fatty fried foods, carbonated beverages -
c vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
eat small meals that aren't spicy or acidic -avoid eating for 3+ hours before bed -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
eliminate alcohol and tobacco -remain upright after meals 1-2 hours -weight reduction -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
smoking cessation -instruct pt to sleep in right side-lying position -avoid wearing tight-
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
fitting clothes and working in bent-over or stooped position -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
PPIs main treatment and provide effective, long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 9 vc
Colostomy- patient education vc vc
ANSWER
-normal appearance of stoma -s/sx of complications -how to measure stoma -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
choice, use, care, and application of appropriate appliance to cover stoma -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
how to protect skin adjacent to stoma -dietary measures to control gas and odor
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 10 vc
post-op colostomy- patient education vc vc vc
ANSWER
-avoid heavy lifting or straining on defecation to prevent tension on the anastomosis site -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
avoid driving for 4-6 weeks -note frequency, amt, character of stool -
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
for colon resection watch for and report manifestations of bowel obstruction and perforation (ex: cramp
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
ing, pain, N/V) -look for signs of incisional healing/infection
vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc
QUESTION 11 vc
Stages of Cancer vc vc
ANSWER
-Initiation -Promotion -Progression -Metastasis
vc vc vc
