BIO 1201 EXAM 2 GREGG EXAM MOST
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS 2026/2027
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+ PASS GUARANTEED
Why is the green light least effective? - ANSWER It is reflected and not
absorbed
What happens when chlorophyll absorbs light? - ANSWER Electrons are
excited
What is a photosystem? - ANSWER Pigment complex
What does noncyclic electron flow produce? - ANSWER ATP, NADPH, O₂
What does cyclic electron flow produce? - ANSWER ATP only
What does chemiosmosis in chloroplasts produce? - ANSWER ATP
What are the phases of the Calvin cycle? - ANSWER Carbon fixation,
reduction, regeneration
,What powers the Calvin cycle? - ANSWER ATP & NADPH
What is photorespiration? - ANSWER Occurs when O₂ is high, reduces
efficiency
What do C4 plants do? - ANSWER Separate CO₂ capture
What do CAM plants do? - ANSWER Open stomata at night
What are the inputs of photosynthesis? - ANSWER CO₂, H₂O, light
What are the outputs of photosynthesis? - ANSWER Glucose, O₂
What are the functions of cell division? - ANSWER Growth, repair,
reproduction
What ensures identical cells during cell division? - ANSWER DNA replication
What are the phases of the cell cycle? - ANSWER G1, S, G2, M
What are the stages of mitosis? - ANSWER Prophase, prometaphase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase
, What is the behavior of chromosomes during mitosis? - ANSWER Align,
separate, divide
What is a haploid cell? - ANSWER One set of chromosomes
What is a diploid cell? - ANSWER Two sets of chromosomes
What is cytokinesis in animals? - ANSWER Cleavage furrow
What is cytokinesis in plants? - ANSWER Cell plate
What are checkpoints in the cell cycle? - ANSWER Control progression
What is cyclin? - ANSWER Regulatory protein
What is CDK? - ANSWER Enzyme
What does MPF do? - ANSWER Triggers mitosis
What are internal factors affecting the cell cycle? - ANSWER DNA damage
What are external factors affecting the cell cycle? - ANSWER Growth signals
, Why can O₂ cross the membrane easily? - ANSWER It is nonpolar
What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution? - ANSWER It will swell
Which process directly produces ATP without ETC? - ANSWER Substrate-
level phosphorylation
What happens to ΔG in an exergonic reaction? - ANSWER It is negative
What does noncompetitive inhibition do? - ANSWER Changes enzyme shape
What happens first if oxygen is removed? - ANSWER The electron transport
chain stops
What is the role of NADH? - ANSWER Carries electrons
Where is the proton gradient formed? - ANSWER Inner mitochondrial
membrane
Where does oxygen come from in photosynthesis? - ANSWER Water
Why is a concentration gradient considered potential energy? -
ANSWER Because it stores energy due to the difference in concentration
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS 2026/2027
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+ PASS GUARANTEED
Why is the green light least effective? - ANSWER It is reflected and not
absorbed
What happens when chlorophyll absorbs light? - ANSWER Electrons are
excited
What is a photosystem? - ANSWER Pigment complex
What does noncyclic electron flow produce? - ANSWER ATP, NADPH, O₂
What does cyclic electron flow produce? - ANSWER ATP only
What does chemiosmosis in chloroplasts produce? - ANSWER ATP
What are the phases of the Calvin cycle? - ANSWER Carbon fixation,
reduction, regeneration
,What powers the Calvin cycle? - ANSWER ATP & NADPH
What is photorespiration? - ANSWER Occurs when O₂ is high, reduces
efficiency
What do C4 plants do? - ANSWER Separate CO₂ capture
What do CAM plants do? - ANSWER Open stomata at night
What are the inputs of photosynthesis? - ANSWER CO₂, H₂O, light
What are the outputs of photosynthesis? - ANSWER Glucose, O₂
What are the functions of cell division? - ANSWER Growth, repair,
reproduction
What ensures identical cells during cell division? - ANSWER DNA replication
What are the phases of the cell cycle? - ANSWER G1, S, G2, M
What are the stages of mitosis? - ANSWER Prophase, prometaphase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase
, What is the behavior of chromosomes during mitosis? - ANSWER Align,
separate, divide
What is a haploid cell? - ANSWER One set of chromosomes
What is a diploid cell? - ANSWER Two sets of chromosomes
What is cytokinesis in animals? - ANSWER Cleavage furrow
What is cytokinesis in plants? - ANSWER Cell plate
What are checkpoints in the cell cycle? - ANSWER Control progression
What is cyclin? - ANSWER Regulatory protein
What is CDK? - ANSWER Enzyme
What does MPF do? - ANSWER Triggers mitosis
What are internal factors affecting the cell cycle? - ANSWER DNA damage
What are external factors affecting the cell cycle? - ANSWER Growth signals
, Why can O₂ cross the membrane easily? - ANSWER It is nonpolar
What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution? - ANSWER It will swell
Which process directly produces ATP without ETC? - ANSWER Substrate-
level phosphorylation
What happens to ΔG in an exergonic reaction? - ANSWER It is negative
What does noncompetitive inhibition do? - ANSWER Changes enzyme shape
What happens first if oxygen is removed? - ANSWER The electron transport
chain stops
What is the role of NADH? - ANSWER Carries electrons
Where is the proton gradient formed? - ANSWER Inner mitochondrial
membrane
Where does oxygen come from in photosynthesis? - ANSWER Water
Why is a concentration gradient considered potential energy? -
ANSWER Because it stores energy due to the difference in concentration
