Pharmacology Final Exam Version 1 Practice Questions 2026 |WGU
1. Which side effect is specifically associated with ACE inhibitors such as
Lisinopril?
A. Yellow-green halos in vision
B. Peripheral edema
C. Dry non-productive cough
D. Severe constipation
Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin in the lungs, which can
lead to a persistent, dry, non-productive cough in some patients.
2. What is the primary reversal agent for Warfarin (Coumadin) toxicity or
overdose?
A. Protamine Sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Naloxone
D. Glucagon
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin K is the antagonist used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin
by promoting the synthesis of clotting factors.
,3. A patient taking Digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. This
is a classic sign of:
A. Normal drug effect
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Ocular hypertension
D. Digoxin toxicity
Answer: D
Rationale: Visual disturbances, specifically yellow-green halos or blurred vision, are early
clinical manifestations of Digoxin toxicity.
4. Which electrolyte imbalance should a nurse monitor for in a patient receiving
Furosemide (Lasix)?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the excretion of potassium, potentially
leading to hypokalemia.
5. How should a patient store their sublingual Nitroglycerin tablets to maintain
potency?
A. In the refrigerator
B. In a plastic pill organizer
C. In the original dark glass bottle
D. On the windowsill for easy access
Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is sensitive to light, heat, and moisture; it must be kept in its
original dark glass container with a tight lid.
, 6. What is the best time for a patient to take Levothyroxine (Synthroid) for
hypothyroidism?
A. With the evening meal
B. Right before bedtime with milk
C. In the morning on an empty stomach
D. Immediately after a high-fiber breakfast
Answer: C
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken 30-60 minutes before breakfast to ensure
optimal absorption, as food can interfere with its uptake.
7. A patient is scheduled for a CT scan with IV contrast. Which medication
should be held 48 hours before and after the procedure?
A. Metformin
B. Lantus Insulin
C. Glyburide
D. Pioglitazone
Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin must be held to prevent the risk of lactic acidosis if the contrast dye
causes temporary renal impairment.
8. Which medication is considered a ‘rescue’ inhaler for acute bronchospasm?
A. Salmeterol
B. Tiotropium
C. Albuterol
D. Fluticasone
Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) used for rapid relief of acute
asthma symptoms or bronchospasm.
1. Which side effect is specifically associated with ACE inhibitors such as
Lisinopril?
A. Yellow-green halos in vision
B. Peripheral edema
C. Dry non-productive cough
D. Severe constipation
Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin in the lungs, which can
lead to a persistent, dry, non-productive cough in some patients.
2. What is the primary reversal agent for Warfarin (Coumadin) toxicity or
overdose?
A. Protamine Sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Naloxone
D. Glucagon
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin K is the antagonist used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin
by promoting the synthesis of clotting factors.
,3. A patient taking Digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. This
is a classic sign of:
A. Normal drug effect
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Ocular hypertension
D. Digoxin toxicity
Answer: D
Rationale: Visual disturbances, specifically yellow-green halos or blurred vision, are early
clinical manifestations of Digoxin toxicity.
4. Which electrolyte imbalance should a nurse monitor for in a patient receiving
Furosemide (Lasix)?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes the excretion of potassium, potentially
leading to hypokalemia.
5. How should a patient store their sublingual Nitroglycerin tablets to maintain
potency?
A. In the refrigerator
B. In a plastic pill organizer
C. In the original dark glass bottle
D. On the windowsill for easy access
Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is sensitive to light, heat, and moisture; it must be kept in its
original dark glass container with a tight lid.
, 6. What is the best time for a patient to take Levothyroxine (Synthroid) for
hypothyroidism?
A. With the evening meal
B. Right before bedtime with milk
C. In the morning on an empty stomach
D. Immediately after a high-fiber breakfast
Answer: C
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken 30-60 minutes before breakfast to ensure
optimal absorption, as food can interfere with its uptake.
7. A patient is scheduled for a CT scan with IV contrast. Which medication
should be held 48 hours before and after the procedure?
A. Metformin
B. Lantus Insulin
C. Glyburide
D. Pioglitazone
Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin must be held to prevent the risk of lactic acidosis if the contrast dye
causes temporary renal impairment.
8. Which medication is considered a ‘rescue’ inhaler for acute bronchospasm?
A. Salmeterol
B. Tiotropium
C. Albuterol
D. Fluticasone
Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) used for rapid relief of acute
asthma symptoms or bronchospasm.
