WGU D115 OA Advanced Pathophysiology
Question and Answer | A+ Verified |
2026/2027 Updated Exam Review Pack
• Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) -✓✓The GCS is scored between 3 and 15, 3 being the
worst and 15 the best.
• Severe TBI GCS Score -✓✓A GCS score of 3-8 describes a severe TBI.
• Obsessions -✓✓Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or
images that cause distressing emotions such as anxiety or disgust.
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Characteristics -✓✓Impaired concentration and
irritability are major characteristics of GAD.
• Schizophrenia Symptoms -✓✓The characteristics of schizophrenia are paranoia,
delusions, tangential thoughts, suspiciousness, disorganized behavior, and
hallucinations.
• Acute Otitis Media -✓✓The classic presentation of otitis media is otalgia, muffled
hearing, popping sensation, and a recent history of a cold or flare up of allergic rhinitis.
• Peritonsillar Abscess -✓✓Peritonsillar abscess is characterized by severe sore throat,
pain or difficulty swallowing, jaw muscle spasms, and a hot potato voice.
• Graves' Disease -✓✓Graves' disease, an autoimmune condition also known as 'diffuse
toxic goiter' is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in this age group.
• Insulin Resistance Finding -✓✓Triglycerides > 150mg/dL is associated with increasing
insulin resistance.
• Postprandial Glucose Level Influencer -✓✓Carbohydrate is a macronutrient with the
greatest impact on the postprandial glucose levels.
• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus -✓✓Type 1 DM is associated with beta cell destruction
leading to absolute insulin deficiency resulting in significant hyperglycemia and potential
for ketoacidosis.
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors -✓✓Major risk factors are heredity and obesity.
• Endometrial Cancer Risk Factor -✓✓Oral contraceptives have been shown to reduce
the incidence of endometrial cancer.
,• Mixed Precocious Puberty -✓✓Mixed precocious puberty cases the child to develop
some secondary characteristics of the opposite sex, such as the feminization of a boy.
• Delayed Puberty Cause -✓✓In 95% of cases, delayed puberty is physiologic in nature.
• Priapism Association -✓✓Priapism has been associated with the abuse of certain
substances.
• Priapism -✓✓Prolonged penile erection, often idiopathic.
• Cocaine -✓✓Substance associated with priapism.
• Ovulation -✓✓Triggered by a sudden increase of LH.
• Follicular cyst -✓✓Develops when no dominant follicle matures.
• Benign ovarian cyst -✓✓Functional cyst from incomplete follicle maturation.
• Genetic counseling -✓✓Advisory service for individuals at genetic risk.
• Maternal age -✓✓Common reason for seeking genetic counseling.
• Amniocentesis -✓✓Procedure to perform genetic studies on fetus.
• Turner Syndrome -✓✓Condition with monosomy X in affected cells.
• Cri du chat syndrome -✓✓Genetic disorder with distinctive cat-like cry.
• Adaptive immunity -✓✓Immune response mediated by T and B cells.
• Minimally conscious state -✓✓Patient shows limited but definite responses.
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) -✓✓Severe lung inflammation with
bilateral infiltrates.
• Capillary hydrostatic pressure -✓✓Increased pressure causing pulmonary edema.
• Immunoglobulin E (IgE) -✓✓Antibody involved in asthma pathophysiology.
• Airway remodeling -✓✓Long-term damage from uncontrolled airway inflammation.
• Angiotensin II -✓✓Hormone linked to myocardial hypertrophy in hypertension.
, • Hypertrophy of myocardium -✓✓Heart muscle thickening due to increased load.
• Blood pressure measurement -✓✓First reading indicates hypertension if elevated.
• Sickle cell disease -✓✓Blood disorder associated with priapism.
• Spinal cord trauma -✓✓Potential cause of priapism.
• Pelvic tumors -✓✓Associated with priapism in some cases.
• Leukemia -✓✓Blood cancer linked to priapism.
• High-pitched cry -✓✓Characteristic symptom of cri du chat syndrome.
• Hypotonia -✓✓Reduced muscle tone seen in cri du chat.
• Microcephaly -✓✓Small head size, symptom of cri du chat.
• Hypertelorism -✓✓Widely spaced eyes, seen in cri du chat.
• Bilateral infiltrates -✓✓Key feature in diagnosing ARDS.
• Decreased pulmonary compliance -✓✓Characteristic of ARDS, indicating stiff lungs.
• Assessment of lifestyle and risk factors -✓✓A comprehensive evaluation of an
individual's habits and potential health risks.
• CBC -✓✓Complete Blood Count, a blood test used to evaluate overall health and
detect a variety of disorders.
• BMP -✓✓Basic Metabolic Panel, a blood test that measures glucose, calcium, and
electrolytes.
• UA -✓✓Urinalysis, a test that examines the content of urine to assess health.
• Initiation of anti-hypertensive medications -✓✓The process of starting medication to
lower high blood pressure, contingent upon confirmed diagnosis.
• Diagnosis of hypertension -✓✓Determined by measuring blood pressure on at least
two separate occasions, averaging at least 2 minutes apart.
• Left-sided heart failure -✓✓A condition where the left side of the heart cannot pump
blood effectively, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
Question and Answer | A+ Verified |
2026/2027 Updated Exam Review Pack
• Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) -✓✓The GCS is scored between 3 and 15, 3 being the
worst and 15 the best.
• Severe TBI GCS Score -✓✓A GCS score of 3-8 describes a severe TBI.
• Obsessions -✓✓Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or
images that cause distressing emotions such as anxiety or disgust.
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Characteristics -✓✓Impaired concentration and
irritability are major characteristics of GAD.
• Schizophrenia Symptoms -✓✓The characteristics of schizophrenia are paranoia,
delusions, tangential thoughts, suspiciousness, disorganized behavior, and
hallucinations.
• Acute Otitis Media -✓✓The classic presentation of otitis media is otalgia, muffled
hearing, popping sensation, and a recent history of a cold or flare up of allergic rhinitis.
• Peritonsillar Abscess -✓✓Peritonsillar abscess is characterized by severe sore throat,
pain or difficulty swallowing, jaw muscle spasms, and a hot potato voice.
• Graves' Disease -✓✓Graves' disease, an autoimmune condition also known as 'diffuse
toxic goiter' is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in this age group.
• Insulin Resistance Finding -✓✓Triglycerides > 150mg/dL is associated with increasing
insulin resistance.
• Postprandial Glucose Level Influencer -✓✓Carbohydrate is a macronutrient with the
greatest impact on the postprandial glucose levels.
• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus -✓✓Type 1 DM is associated with beta cell destruction
leading to absolute insulin deficiency resulting in significant hyperglycemia and potential
for ketoacidosis.
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors -✓✓Major risk factors are heredity and obesity.
• Endometrial Cancer Risk Factor -✓✓Oral contraceptives have been shown to reduce
the incidence of endometrial cancer.
,• Mixed Precocious Puberty -✓✓Mixed precocious puberty cases the child to develop
some secondary characteristics of the opposite sex, such as the feminization of a boy.
• Delayed Puberty Cause -✓✓In 95% of cases, delayed puberty is physiologic in nature.
• Priapism Association -✓✓Priapism has been associated with the abuse of certain
substances.
• Priapism -✓✓Prolonged penile erection, often idiopathic.
• Cocaine -✓✓Substance associated with priapism.
• Ovulation -✓✓Triggered by a sudden increase of LH.
• Follicular cyst -✓✓Develops when no dominant follicle matures.
• Benign ovarian cyst -✓✓Functional cyst from incomplete follicle maturation.
• Genetic counseling -✓✓Advisory service for individuals at genetic risk.
• Maternal age -✓✓Common reason for seeking genetic counseling.
• Amniocentesis -✓✓Procedure to perform genetic studies on fetus.
• Turner Syndrome -✓✓Condition with monosomy X in affected cells.
• Cri du chat syndrome -✓✓Genetic disorder with distinctive cat-like cry.
• Adaptive immunity -✓✓Immune response mediated by T and B cells.
• Minimally conscious state -✓✓Patient shows limited but definite responses.
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) -✓✓Severe lung inflammation with
bilateral infiltrates.
• Capillary hydrostatic pressure -✓✓Increased pressure causing pulmonary edema.
• Immunoglobulin E (IgE) -✓✓Antibody involved in asthma pathophysiology.
• Airway remodeling -✓✓Long-term damage from uncontrolled airway inflammation.
• Angiotensin II -✓✓Hormone linked to myocardial hypertrophy in hypertension.
, • Hypertrophy of myocardium -✓✓Heart muscle thickening due to increased load.
• Blood pressure measurement -✓✓First reading indicates hypertension if elevated.
• Sickle cell disease -✓✓Blood disorder associated with priapism.
• Spinal cord trauma -✓✓Potential cause of priapism.
• Pelvic tumors -✓✓Associated with priapism in some cases.
• Leukemia -✓✓Blood cancer linked to priapism.
• High-pitched cry -✓✓Characteristic symptom of cri du chat syndrome.
• Hypotonia -✓✓Reduced muscle tone seen in cri du chat.
• Microcephaly -✓✓Small head size, symptom of cri du chat.
• Hypertelorism -✓✓Widely spaced eyes, seen in cri du chat.
• Bilateral infiltrates -✓✓Key feature in diagnosing ARDS.
• Decreased pulmonary compliance -✓✓Characteristic of ARDS, indicating stiff lungs.
• Assessment of lifestyle and risk factors -✓✓A comprehensive evaluation of an
individual's habits and potential health risks.
• CBC -✓✓Complete Blood Count, a blood test used to evaluate overall health and
detect a variety of disorders.
• BMP -✓✓Basic Metabolic Panel, a blood test that measures glucose, calcium, and
electrolytes.
• UA -✓✓Urinalysis, a test that examines the content of urine to assess health.
• Initiation of anti-hypertensive medications -✓✓The process of starting medication to
lower high blood pressure, contingent upon confirmed diagnosis.
• Diagnosis of hypertension -✓✓Determined by measuring blood pressure on at least
two separate occasions, averaging at least 2 minutes apart.
• Left-sided heart failure -✓✓A condition where the left side of the heart cannot pump
blood effectively, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
