WGU D115 OA Advanced Pathophysiology
Question and Answer | 100% Correct
Answers | Exam Review Pack
• Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. -✓✓Mutations in genes or
chromosomal abnormalities
• How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? -✓✓Alterations of DNA
• Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
✓✓(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
• Explain RAAS -✓✓Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction >
release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in
urine and blood pressure maintained.
• DKA -✓✓increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
• How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis -✓✓retain H and excrete HCO3
• Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -✓✓Potassium
• West Nile Virus -✓✓Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe
signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
• Lyme disease -✓✓Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
• Erythema infectiosum -✓✓a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the
sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
• Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. -✓✓Spina bifida
• Trousseau's sign -✓✓arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
• Cause and sign of spina bifida -✓✓results from failure of neural tube to close. sign -
fluid filled sac on lower back.
• hemophilia is more common in -✓✓males
• Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes -✓✓ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
, • Connective vs muscle tissue disorders -✓✓Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
• Describe Lupus -✓✓Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly
rash
• Describe Myasthenia Gravis -✓✓It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack
own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the
day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
• dermatitis -✓✓inflammation of the skin
• eczema -✓✓noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
• decubitus ulcer -✓✓sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
• Fungal infections -✓✓superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections
caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
• benign neoplasm -✓✓noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
• malignant neoplasm -✓✓uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
• Osteoporosis -✓✓The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
• osteomalacia -✓✓disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and
vitamin D deficiency
• myoglobin -✓✓red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
• Bursa -✓✓fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over
another
• Rickets -✓✓a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
• Degenerative disk disease -✓✓A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses its
normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or
aging
Question and Answer | 100% Correct
Answers | Exam Review Pack
• Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. -✓✓Mutations in genes or
chromosomal abnormalities
• How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? -✓✓Alterations of DNA
• Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
✓✓(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
• Explain RAAS -✓✓Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction >
release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in
urine and blood pressure maintained.
• DKA -✓✓increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
• How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis -✓✓retain H and excrete HCO3
• Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -✓✓Potassium
• West Nile Virus -✓✓Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe
signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
• Lyme disease -✓✓Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
• Erythema infectiosum -✓✓a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the
sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
• Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. -✓✓Spina bifida
• Trousseau's sign -✓✓arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
• Cause and sign of spina bifida -✓✓results from failure of neural tube to close. sign -
fluid filled sac on lower back.
• hemophilia is more common in -✓✓males
• Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes -✓✓ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
, • Connective vs muscle tissue disorders -✓✓Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
• Describe Lupus -✓✓Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly
rash
• Describe Myasthenia Gravis -✓✓It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack
own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the
day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
• dermatitis -✓✓inflammation of the skin
• eczema -✓✓noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
• decubitus ulcer -✓✓sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
• Fungal infections -✓✓superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections
caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
• benign neoplasm -✓✓noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
• malignant neoplasm -✓✓uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
• Osteoporosis -✓✓The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
• osteomalacia -✓✓disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and
vitamin D deficiency
• myoglobin -✓✓red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
• Bursa -✓✓fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over
another
• Rickets -✓✓a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
• Degenerative disk disease -✓✓A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses its
normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or
aging
