MDC 3 Exam 1 with Questions and
Correct Answers Latest 2026-2027
GRADED A+
What is the 2nd most common malignancy in women and 2nd leading cause of death in
women? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Breast cancer
How does breast cancer start? - CORRECT ANSWERS-From the epithelial lining of the
ducts or the epithelium of the lobules
99% of breast cancers occur in what gender? - CORRECT ANSWERS-women
breast cancer is slightly more common in what race of women? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
white
breast cancer in men is similar across? - CORRECT ANSWERS-all ethnic groups
Risk factors for breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWERS--post menopause (increasing in
age after 60)
-Estrogen (HRT: hormone replacement therapy) (post menopause therapy) can be with
progesterone or alone.
- History or genetics (history of breast, colon, endometrial, &ovarian cancer, or family
history of breast cancer) (*Gene BRCA1 or BRCA2 hold a 5-10% genetic risk)
-Alcohol
-Childbirth after age 30
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Breast cellular changes: hyperplasia, atypical appearance (increased risk)
Breast cancer signs and symptoms - CORRECT ANSWERS--lump in breast
-swelling
-skin irritation
-dimpling
-breast pain
-nipple pain
-nipple turning inward
-redness
,-scaliness
-thickening of the nipple
-unusual discharge
-lump in the armpit
(more rare but can present itself as an orange peel)
*Where is the most common location of breast cancer? * - CORRECT ANSWERS-*upper
outer quadrant is the most glandular tissue, as a result it is the most common location of a
cancer*
Breast cancer screening & diagnostics - CORRECT ANSWERS--history
-physical assessment and examination
-mammogram (less effective in younger women due to denser breast tissue)
-ultrasound
-MRI (gives more details than a mammogram or ultrasound)
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology
Breast health large breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS--Impaired comfort
-Back pain
-diffculty finding clothing that fits
-expensive bras
-fungal infections under breasts
-redness, chaffing or rash, under breasts.
Breast health small breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS--some choose breast
augmentation (important to avoid foods, medications, herbs that increase bleeding
before/after surgery)
-Can still perform self examination and have mammograms- but may not be as sensitive
-*some evidence of increased risk for non Hodgkins lymphoma Not breast cancer*
*Breast Cancer Types* - CORRECT ANSWERS--*In situ* (non-ivasive) breast cancer
remains in the mammary
*DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situate* duct or lobules
-*ILC: invasive lobular carcinoma*
*IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma*
*Non-invasive or In situ breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS-*DCIS: ductal
carcinoma is situate*
*Invasive breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS-*ILC or IDC*
-the cancer grows into the surrounding tissue and can metastasize
-most likely cause of skin dimpling or peau'd orange
, -Aggressive form : itching, rapidly growing lump, breast pain, erythema & edema
*Most common invasive cancer* - CORRECT ANSWERS-*IDC: infiltrating ductal
carcinoma*
*breast cancer treatment* - CORRECT ANSWERS--Surgery: breast conserving &
masectomy
-Radiation therapy
-Chemotherapy
-Hormone therapy
breast conserving surgery - CORRECT ANSWERS-removes the entire tumor along with a
margin of normal tissue and may include lymph node removal
Masectomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-Total or simple usually involves lymph nodes
Radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWERS-directed therapy to the site of the cancer
(original tumor)
Chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS-(S/E depends on the drugs used, frequency, and
dose)
-*IV therapy in 2-3 week cycles over 3-6 months*
-Regular blood work is needed
Most common chemotherapy drugs 2 or 3 of these drugs mixed usually - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Anthracyclines (doxurubicin & epirubicin)
-Taxanes (paclitazel & docetaxel)
-Cyclophosphadmide
-Carboplatin
Typical side effects of chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS--hair loss
-nail changes
-mouth sores
-loss of appetite
-N/V
-Diarrhea
-Increase risk of infection
-Easy bruising or bleeding
-Fatigue
-Menstrual changes and infertility
-"Chemo brain"
Lower risk side effects of chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS--heart damage
-risk of leukemia
*-hand foot syndrome (numb, tingling, red, swollen hands & soles)*
-Nerve damage
Correct Answers Latest 2026-2027
GRADED A+
What is the 2nd most common malignancy in women and 2nd leading cause of death in
women? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Breast cancer
How does breast cancer start? - CORRECT ANSWERS-From the epithelial lining of the
ducts or the epithelium of the lobules
99% of breast cancers occur in what gender? - CORRECT ANSWERS-women
breast cancer is slightly more common in what race of women? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
white
breast cancer in men is similar across? - CORRECT ANSWERS-all ethnic groups
Risk factors for breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWERS--post menopause (increasing in
age after 60)
-Estrogen (HRT: hormone replacement therapy) (post menopause therapy) can be with
progesterone or alone.
- History or genetics (history of breast, colon, endometrial, &ovarian cancer, or family
history of breast cancer) (*Gene BRCA1 or BRCA2 hold a 5-10% genetic risk)
-Alcohol
-Childbirth after age 30
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Breast cellular changes: hyperplasia, atypical appearance (increased risk)
Breast cancer signs and symptoms - CORRECT ANSWERS--lump in breast
-swelling
-skin irritation
-dimpling
-breast pain
-nipple pain
-nipple turning inward
-redness
,-scaliness
-thickening of the nipple
-unusual discharge
-lump in the armpit
(more rare but can present itself as an orange peel)
*Where is the most common location of breast cancer? * - CORRECT ANSWERS-*upper
outer quadrant is the most glandular tissue, as a result it is the most common location of a
cancer*
Breast cancer screening & diagnostics - CORRECT ANSWERS--history
-physical assessment and examination
-mammogram (less effective in younger women due to denser breast tissue)
-ultrasound
-MRI (gives more details than a mammogram or ultrasound)
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology
Breast health large breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS--Impaired comfort
-Back pain
-diffculty finding clothing that fits
-expensive bras
-fungal infections under breasts
-redness, chaffing or rash, under breasts.
Breast health small breast challenges - CORRECT ANSWERS--some choose breast
augmentation (important to avoid foods, medications, herbs that increase bleeding
before/after surgery)
-Can still perform self examination and have mammograms- but may not be as sensitive
-*some evidence of increased risk for non Hodgkins lymphoma Not breast cancer*
*Breast Cancer Types* - CORRECT ANSWERS--*In situ* (non-ivasive) breast cancer
remains in the mammary
*DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situate* duct or lobules
-*ILC: invasive lobular carcinoma*
*IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma*
*Non-invasive or In situ breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS-*DCIS: ductal
carcinoma is situate*
*Invasive breast cancer is* - CORRECT ANSWERS-*ILC or IDC*
-the cancer grows into the surrounding tissue and can metastasize
-most likely cause of skin dimpling or peau'd orange
, -Aggressive form : itching, rapidly growing lump, breast pain, erythema & edema
*Most common invasive cancer* - CORRECT ANSWERS-*IDC: infiltrating ductal
carcinoma*
*breast cancer treatment* - CORRECT ANSWERS--Surgery: breast conserving &
masectomy
-Radiation therapy
-Chemotherapy
-Hormone therapy
breast conserving surgery - CORRECT ANSWERS-removes the entire tumor along with a
margin of normal tissue and may include lymph node removal
Masectomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-Total or simple usually involves lymph nodes
Radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWERS-directed therapy to the site of the cancer
(original tumor)
Chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS-(S/E depends on the drugs used, frequency, and
dose)
-*IV therapy in 2-3 week cycles over 3-6 months*
-Regular blood work is needed
Most common chemotherapy drugs 2 or 3 of these drugs mixed usually - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Anthracyclines (doxurubicin & epirubicin)
-Taxanes (paclitazel & docetaxel)
-Cyclophosphadmide
-Carboplatin
Typical side effects of chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS--hair loss
-nail changes
-mouth sores
-loss of appetite
-N/V
-Diarrhea
-Increase risk of infection
-Easy bruising or bleeding
-Fatigue
-Menstrual changes and infertility
-"Chemo brain"
Lower risk side effects of chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS--heart damage
-risk of leukemia
*-hand foot syndrome (numb, tingling, red, swollen hands & soles)*
-Nerve damage
