CARDIOVASCULAR AND HEMATOLOGY
LATEST EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PDF 2026
▶ Diastolic Pressure. Answer: Pressure during relaxation.
▶ Hypertension. Answer: High blood pressure; often no symptoms but
very dangerous.
▶ Hematology. Answer: Study of blood.
▶ Blood Functions. Answer: Transportation of oxygen, nutrients,
hormones; removal of CO₂, waste; protection (immune defense, clotting);
homeostasis (temp, pH, water balance).
▶ Plasma. Answer: 92% water; contains proteins: Albumin, Globulins,
Fibrinogen.
▶ Erythrocytes (RBCs). Answer: Carry oxygen; no nucleus; biconcave
shape; contain hemoglobin.
▶ Leukocytes (WBCs). Answer: Fight infection; have nucleus; leave
bloodstream to fight pathogens.
▶ Platelets. Answer: Help blood clot; not full cells (cell fragments).
▶ Hematopoiesis. Answer: Occurs in red bone marrow; stem cells → all
blood cells.
▶ Hemostasis. Answer: Stopping bleeding: 1. Vasoconstriction, 2. Platelet
plug, 3. Fibrin clot.
▶ Blood Tests (CBC). Answer: Measures RBC count, WBC count,
Platelets, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit.
▶ Sickle Cell Disease. Answer: RBCs become sickle-shaped; can't carry
oxygen well; causes anemia.
LATEST EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PDF 2026
▶ Diastolic Pressure. Answer: Pressure during relaxation.
▶ Hypertension. Answer: High blood pressure; often no symptoms but
very dangerous.
▶ Hematology. Answer: Study of blood.
▶ Blood Functions. Answer: Transportation of oxygen, nutrients,
hormones; removal of CO₂, waste; protection (immune defense, clotting);
homeostasis (temp, pH, water balance).
▶ Plasma. Answer: 92% water; contains proteins: Albumin, Globulins,
Fibrinogen.
▶ Erythrocytes (RBCs). Answer: Carry oxygen; no nucleus; biconcave
shape; contain hemoglobin.
▶ Leukocytes (WBCs). Answer: Fight infection; have nucleus; leave
bloodstream to fight pathogens.
▶ Platelets. Answer: Help blood clot; not full cells (cell fragments).
▶ Hematopoiesis. Answer: Occurs in red bone marrow; stem cells → all
blood cells.
▶ Hemostasis. Answer: Stopping bleeding: 1. Vasoconstriction, 2. Platelet
plug, 3. Fibrin clot.
▶ Blood Tests (CBC). Answer: Measures RBC count, WBC count,
Platelets, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit.
▶ Sickle Cell Disease. Answer: RBCs become sickle-shaped; can't carry
oxygen well; causes anemia.
