CARDIOVASCULAR AND HEMATOLOGY
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ Arteries. Answer: Carry blood away from heart; thick walls; high
pressure.
▶ Veins. Answer: Carry blood to heart; have valves.
▶ Capillaries. Answer: Exchange gases/nutrients.
▶ Muscle Pump. Answer: Muscles squeeze veins → push blood back to
heart; prevents pooling.
▶ Coronary Circulation. Answer: Supplies the heart itself.
▶ Coronary Arteries. Answer: Right → right heart; Left → left heart.
▶ Coronary Veins. Answer: Drain into right atrium.
▶ Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Answer: Plaque buildup → narrow
arteries; ↓ blood flow → heart damage.
▶ Blood Pressure. Answer: Force of blood against artery walls.
▶ Systolic Pressure. Answer: Pressure during contraction.
▶ Diastolic Pressure. Answer: Pressure during relaxation.
▶ Hypertension. Answer: High blood pressure; often no symptoms but
very dangerous.
▶ Hematology. Answer: Study of blood.
▶ Blood Functions. Answer: Transportation of oxygen, nutrients,
hormones; removal of CO₂, waste; protection (immune defense, clotting);
homeostasis (temp, pH, water balance).
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ Arteries. Answer: Carry blood away from heart; thick walls; high
pressure.
▶ Veins. Answer: Carry blood to heart; have valves.
▶ Capillaries. Answer: Exchange gases/nutrients.
▶ Muscle Pump. Answer: Muscles squeeze veins → push blood back to
heart; prevents pooling.
▶ Coronary Circulation. Answer: Supplies the heart itself.
▶ Coronary Arteries. Answer: Right → right heart; Left → left heart.
▶ Coronary Veins. Answer: Drain into right atrium.
▶ Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Answer: Plaque buildup → narrow
arteries; ↓ blood flow → heart damage.
▶ Blood Pressure. Answer: Force of blood against artery walls.
▶ Systolic Pressure. Answer: Pressure during contraction.
▶ Diastolic Pressure. Answer: Pressure during relaxation.
▶ Hypertension. Answer: High blood pressure; often no symptoms but
very dangerous.
▶ Hematology. Answer: Study of blood.
▶ Blood Functions. Answer: Transportation of oxygen, nutrients,
hormones; removal of CO₂, waste; protection (immune defense, clotting);
homeostasis (temp, pH, water balance).