NR 222 Health & Wellness Week 5 Nutrition Study Guide 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the energy content of macronutrients. How
many kilocalories per gram (kcal/g) do carbohydrates provide?
A. 9 kcal/g
B. 3 kcal/g
C. 7 kcal/g
D. 4 kcal/g
Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g, while fats provide 9 kcal/g and
alcohol provides 7 kcal/g.
2. Which of the following is considered a complete protein source?
A. Black beans
B. Eggs
C. Whole grain bread
D. Peanut butter
Answer: B
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids. Animal products like
eggs, meat, and dairy, as well as soy and quinoa, are complete proteins.
,3. A nurse is assessing a client for Vitamin C deficiency. Which finding is most
indicative of scurvy?
A. Gingivitis and bleeding gums
B. Night blindness
C. Muscle tetany
D. Bowed legs
Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound healing. Deficiency
leads to scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
4. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting and is often used as an antidote
for warfarin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D
Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors
in the liver.
5. To prevent neural tube defects in a fetus, which nutrient should a woman of
childbearing age consume in adequate amounts?
A. Folic acid
B. Vitamin B12
C. Iron
D. Calcium
Answer: A
Rationale: Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is crucial for DNA synthesis and the prevention of
neural tube defects like spina bifida during early pregnancy.
, 6. A client with hypertension is advised to follow the DASH diet. Which food
should the nurse recommend limiting?
A. Canned soups
B. Fresh bananas
C. Low-fat yogurt
D. Almonds
Answer: A
Rationale: The DASH diet emphasizes low sodium intake. Canned soups are typically very
high in sodium compared to fresh foods.
7. Which of the following is a symptom of hypokalemia?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds
B. Flushed skin
C. Elevated blood pressure
D. Muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias
Answer: D
Rationale: Potassium is vital for nerve impulse conduction and muscle contraction,
particularly in the heart. Low levels cause weakness and arrhythmias.
8. A nurse is caring for a client with a BMI of 28. How would the nurse classify
this weight status?
A. Underweight
B. Normal weight
C. Overweight
D. Obese
Answer: C
Rationale: BMI ranges: Underweight < 18.5; Normal 18.5-24.9; Overweight 25-29.9; Obese
30 or greater.
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the energy content of macronutrients. How
many kilocalories per gram (kcal/g) do carbohydrates provide?
A. 9 kcal/g
B. 3 kcal/g
C. 7 kcal/g
D. 4 kcal/g
Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g, while fats provide 9 kcal/g and
alcohol provides 7 kcal/g.
2. Which of the following is considered a complete protein source?
A. Black beans
B. Eggs
C. Whole grain bread
D. Peanut butter
Answer: B
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids. Animal products like
eggs, meat, and dairy, as well as soy and quinoa, are complete proteins.
,3. A nurse is assessing a client for Vitamin C deficiency. Which finding is most
indicative of scurvy?
A. Gingivitis and bleeding gums
B. Night blindness
C. Muscle tetany
D. Bowed legs
Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound healing. Deficiency
leads to scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
4. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting and is often used as an antidote
for warfarin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D
Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors
in the liver.
5. To prevent neural tube defects in a fetus, which nutrient should a woman of
childbearing age consume in adequate amounts?
A. Folic acid
B. Vitamin B12
C. Iron
D. Calcium
Answer: A
Rationale: Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is crucial for DNA synthesis and the prevention of
neural tube defects like spina bifida during early pregnancy.
, 6. A client with hypertension is advised to follow the DASH diet. Which food
should the nurse recommend limiting?
A. Canned soups
B. Fresh bananas
C. Low-fat yogurt
D. Almonds
Answer: A
Rationale: The DASH diet emphasizes low sodium intake. Canned soups are typically very
high in sodium compared to fresh foods.
7. Which of the following is a symptom of hypokalemia?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds
B. Flushed skin
C. Elevated blood pressure
D. Muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias
Answer: D
Rationale: Potassium is vital for nerve impulse conduction and muscle contraction,
particularly in the heart. Low levels cause weakness and arrhythmias.
8. A nurse is caring for a client with a BMI of 28. How would the nurse classify
this weight status?
A. Underweight
B. Normal weight
C. Overweight
D. Obese
Answer: C
Rationale: BMI ranges: Underweight < 18.5; Normal 18.5-24.9; Overweight 25-29.9; Obese
30 or greater.
