NURS 345 Final Exam Questions with
Complete Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
Contusion - Answer Escape of blood into tissues causing Ecchymosis
Dislocation - Answer Displacement of normal position of opposing bone ends to socket
Sprain - Answer Trauma to a joint from a ligament partially or completely torn or stretched
by force
Strain - Answer Microscopic tear to musculotendinous unit, generally occurs over time
RICE & ICES - Answer Rest the injured part
Ice immediately
Compression with wet elastic bandage
Elevation of the extremity
Immobilization and support
Distal forearm fracture - Answer Most frequently broken bone
Epiphyseal injuries - Answer - Weakest point of long bones
- Can affect future bone growth (might cause discrepancy in length)
Simple (closed) fracture - Answer No break in skin
Open (compound) fracture - Answer Protrudes through skin
Complicated fracture - Answer Fragments have damaged other organs or tissues
Comminuted fracture - Answer Small fragments of bone are broken from fractured shaft and
lie in surrounding tissue
Greenstick fracture - Answer Incomplete fracture commonly seen in kids
, Spiral fracture - Answer Can be a sign of abuse
- slanting and circular, twisting around the bone shaft
Bone healing - Answer Younger they are, quicker the bone can heal
Six P's for assessment of fractures, casting, or traction - Answer Pain and point of tenderness
Pallor
Pulselessness
Parenthesis (sensation distal to fracture site)
Paralysis
Pressure
Nursing care for traction - Answer RN never releases the traction
Frequently assess the traction
Developmental Dysplasia of the hip (DDH) - Answer Clinical manifestations:
- uneven gluteal folds when infant is prone
- positive ortolani test result
- positive Barlow test result
Management:
- birth to 6 months —> Pavlik harness for abduction of hip
Skeletal limb deficiency - Answer Want prosthetic as early as possible
- once infant is developmental ready to start using the missing limb (ex: sitting up, etc.)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - Answer - Heterogenous inherited disorder of connective tissues
- Bones break easily
- Primarily supportive care
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - Answer - Commonly seen in males 4-8 y/o and presents with a
limp after activity
- Insidious onset
- Goal of treatment is to keep head of fetus in acetabulum
- Rest, no weight bearing initially
Complete Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
Contusion - Answer Escape of blood into tissues causing Ecchymosis
Dislocation - Answer Displacement of normal position of opposing bone ends to socket
Sprain - Answer Trauma to a joint from a ligament partially or completely torn or stretched
by force
Strain - Answer Microscopic tear to musculotendinous unit, generally occurs over time
RICE & ICES - Answer Rest the injured part
Ice immediately
Compression with wet elastic bandage
Elevation of the extremity
Immobilization and support
Distal forearm fracture - Answer Most frequently broken bone
Epiphyseal injuries - Answer - Weakest point of long bones
- Can affect future bone growth (might cause discrepancy in length)
Simple (closed) fracture - Answer No break in skin
Open (compound) fracture - Answer Protrudes through skin
Complicated fracture - Answer Fragments have damaged other organs or tissues
Comminuted fracture - Answer Small fragments of bone are broken from fractured shaft and
lie in surrounding tissue
Greenstick fracture - Answer Incomplete fracture commonly seen in kids
, Spiral fracture - Answer Can be a sign of abuse
- slanting and circular, twisting around the bone shaft
Bone healing - Answer Younger they are, quicker the bone can heal
Six P's for assessment of fractures, casting, or traction - Answer Pain and point of tenderness
Pallor
Pulselessness
Parenthesis (sensation distal to fracture site)
Paralysis
Pressure
Nursing care for traction - Answer RN never releases the traction
Frequently assess the traction
Developmental Dysplasia of the hip (DDH) - Answer Clinical manifestations:
- uneven gluteal folds when infant is prone
- positive ortolani test result
- positive Barlow test result
Management:
- birth to 6 months —> Pavlik harness for abduction of hip
Skeletal limb deficiency - Answer Want prosthetic as early as possible
- once infant is developmental ready to start using the missing limb (ex: sitting up, etc.)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - Answer - Heterogenous inherited disorder of connective tissues
- Bones break easily
- Primarily supportive care
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - Answer - Commonly seen in males 4-8 y/o and presents with a
limp after activity
- Insidious onset
- Goal of treatment is to keep head of fetus in acetabulum
- Rest, no weight bearing initially
