HESI PHARM 315 – 2024 EXAM QUESTIONS &
VERIFIED ANSWERS, COMPREHENSIVE
PHARMACOLOGY TEST PREPARATION MATERIAL
When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse
closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
A: Lorazepam.
B: Digoxin.
C: Sucralfate.
D: Vancomycin.
D: Vancomycin.
A glucagon emergency kit is prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus to be used
at home. When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be
administered?
A: At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis.
B: Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia.
C: When unable to eat during sick days.
,D: When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur.
D: When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur.
Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is prescribed for a female client with early stage
Alzheimer's disease. The client's daughter tells the nurse that she plans to start
administering the drug when her mother's symptoms are no longer manageable, in hopes
that her mother will not have to go to a nursing home. How should the nurse respond?
A: Confirm that the daughter is aware of the progressive nature of the disease.
B: Affirm the decision to use the medication when the symptoms start to worsen.
C: Explain that the drug should be used early in the course of the disease process.
D: Assess the client's current mental status before deciding to support the decision.
C: Explain that the drug should be used early in the course of the disease process.
A client who receives multiple antihypertensive medications experiences syncope due to a
drop in blood pressure to 70/40 mm Hg. Which is the rationale for the nurse's decision to
hold the client's scheduled antihypertensive medications?
A: Increased urinary clearance of the multiple medications has produced diuresis and
lowered the blood pressure.
,B: The synergistic effect of the multiple medications has resulted in drug toxicity and
hypotension.
C: The antagonistic interaction among the various blood pressure medications has
reduced their effectiveness.
D: The additive effect of multiple medications has caused the blood pressure to drop too
low.
D: The additive effect of multiple medications has caused the blood pressure to drop too
low.
A client reports confusion and blurred vision after receiving a dose of glipizide. Which
action should the nurse implement?
A: Perform a neurological exam.
B: Obtain a fingerstick blood glucose.
C: Administer glucagon intramuscularly.
D: Measure the client's vital signs.
B: Obtain a fingerstick blood glucose.
, The nurse is providing instructions about a client's new medications. How should the nurse
explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?
A: Decreases pain and burning during urination.
B: Increases the strength of the urine stream.
C: Prevents the formation of kidney stones.
D: Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine.
D: Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine.
Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client who is
receiving insulin lispro?
A: Keep an oral liquid or glucose source available.
B: Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given.
C: Assess for hypoglycemia between meals.
D: Check blood glucose levels every six hours.
B: Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given.
VERIFIED ANSWERS, COMPREHENSIVE
PHARMACOLOGY TEST PREPARATION MATERIAL
When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse
closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
A: Lorazepam.
B: Digoxin.
C: Sucralfate.
D: Vancomycin.
D: Vancomycin.
A glucagon emergency kit is prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus to be used
at home. When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be
administered?
A: At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis.
B: Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia.
C: When unable to eat during sick days.
,D: When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur.
D: When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur.
Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is prescribed for a female client with early stage
Alzheimer's disease. The client's daughter tells the nurse that she plans to start
administering the drug when her mother's symptoms are no longer manageable, in hopes
that her mother will not have to go to a nursing home. How should the nurse respond?
A: Confirm that the daughter is aware of the progressive nature of the disease.
B: Affirm the decision to use the medication when the symptoms start to worsen.
C: Explain that the drug should be used early in the course of the disease process.
D: Assess the client's current mental status before deciding to support the decision.
C: Explain that the drug should be used early in the course of the disease process.
A client who receives multiple antihypertensive medications experiences syncope due to a
drop in blood pressure to 70/40 mm Hg. Which is the rationale for the nurse's decision to
hold the client's scheduled antihypertensive medications?
A: Increased urinary clearance of the multiple medications has produced diuresis and
lowered the blood pressure.
,B: The synergistic effect of the multiple medications has resulted in drug toxicity and
hypotension.
C: The antagonistic interaction among the various blood pressure medications has
reduced their effectiveness.
D: The additive effect of multiple medications has caused the blood pressure to drop too
low.
D: The additive effect of multiple medications has caused the blood pressure to drop too
low.
A client reports confusion and blurred vision after receiving a dose of glipizide. Which
action should the nurse implement?
A: Perform a neurological exam.
B: Obtain a fingerstick blood glucose.
C: Administer glucagon intramuscularly.
D: Measure the client's vital signs.
B: Obtain a fingerstick blood glucose.
, The nurse is providing instructions about a client's new medications. How should the nurse
explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?
A: Decreases pain and burning during urination.
B: Increases the strength of the urine stream.
C: Prevents the formation of kidney stones.
D: Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine.
D: Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine.
Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client who is
receiving insulin lispro?
A: Keep an oral liquid or glucose source available.
B: Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given.
C: Assess for hypoglycemia between meals.
D: Check blood glucose levels every six hours.
B: Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given.
