MIC 206 ASU Practical One Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
Major classes of microorganisms - ANSWER Virus, Algae, Fungi, Protozoa,
Bacteria
Bacteria: Prokarote v Eukaryote - ANSWER Prokaryote. Only one. Eveything
else is a eukarote
Compare and contrast prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells - ANSWER - E have
NUCLEUS, P do not (NUCLEOID only).
- E have INTERNAL MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES, P do not
- Both have CELL MEMBRANE
- Both have RIBOSOMES, but E have larger ribosomes.
- E use MITOSIS, MEIOSIS, P use BINARY FISSION.
- E have more than one CHROMOSOME.
- E usually have larger cell
Virus - ANSWER - Noncellular
- Require a specific host cell for replication.
- 15 nm to 450 nm
- Examples: HIV, Herpes,
Hepatitis, Flu
- Some may infect bacteria,
Known as Phage
Algae - ANSWER • Unicellular or multicellular
• Found in fresh and Ocean waters
• Size: highly variable
• Photosynthetic, but not
necessarily green!
• Simple reproductive structures
• Categorized on the basis of
pigmentation, storage products,
and composition of cell wall
Protozoa - ANSWER • Single-celled eukaryotes
• Similar to animals in cell structure and nutrition
needs
• Size: diameter: 10 μm; up to 5 mm in length
• Examples of disease causing agents
- Amoebas, Paramecia, Giardia,
, • Typically live in water; some live inside animal hosts
• Most reproduce asexually; some reproduce sexually
• Most are capable of locomotion using . . .
- Pseudopodia -"false feet;" extensions of the
internal guts of a cell
- Cilia -hair-like projections used for movement
- Flagella -long, filament-like "tails" used for
swimming
Fungi - ANSWER • Eukaryotic (have membrane-bound nucleus)
• Some are: single cell / branching filaments
organism
• Common agents of human diseases:
- Athlete's foot, Ringworm, and Valley fever.
• Obtain food from other organisms
• Decomposers
• Possess cell walls
• Composed of:
- Molds -multicellular; have hyphae;
reproduce by sexual and asexual spores
- Yeasts -unicellular; reproduce asexually by
budding;
Bacteria - ANSWER All Prokaryotic
• Diverse environments
• Energy source: Chemical / Light
• Size: 0.5 - 10 μm
• Most are single cell
• 3 Important traits that helps one identify the
genus and species
- Shape
- Cell wall type
- Motility
Bacterial shapes - ANSWER - Rods/Bacillus
- Cocus
-circly kind of holes
- Spirillum/Curved
- curly fries
General bacterial cell components - ANSWER - Nucleoid - heredity (single,
circular DNA chromosome)
- Cytoplasm - (80% water, ribosomes, inclusions)
- Inner Cell membrane - ATP synthesis, selective permeability (phospholipid
bilayer with proteins)
- Cell wall - rigidity (peptides, carbohydrates)
With Correct Answers
Major classes of microorganisms - ANSWER Virus, Algae, Fungi, Protozoa,
Bacteria
Bacteria: Prokarote v Eukaryote - ANSWER Prokaryote. Only one. Eveything
else is a eukarote
Compare and contrast prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells - ANSWER - E have
NUCLEUS, P do not (NUCLEOID only).
- E have INTERNAL MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES, P do not
- Both have CELL MEMBRANE
- Both have RIBOSOMES, but E have larger ribosomes.
- E use MITOSIS, MEIOSIS, P use BINARY FISSION.
- E have more than one CHROMOSOME.
- E usually have larger cell
Virus - ANSWER - Noncellular
- Require a specific host cell for replication.
- 15 nm to 450 nm
- Examples: HIV, Herpes,
Hepatitis, Flu
- Some may infect bacteria,
Known as Phage
Algae - ANSWER • Unicellular or multicellular
• Found in fresh and Ocean waters
• Size: highly variable
• Photosynthetic, but not
necessarily green!
• Simple reproductive structures
• Categorized on the basis of
pigmentation, storage products,
and composition of cell wall
Protozoa - ANSWER • Single-celled eukaryotes
• Similar to animals in cell structure and nutrition
needs
• Size: diameter: 10 μm; up to 5 mm in length
• Examples of disease causing agents
- Amoebas, Paramecia, Giardia,
, • Typically live in water; some live inside animal hosts
• Most reproduce asexually; some reproduce sexually
• Most are capable of locomotion using . . .
- Pseudopodia -"false feet;" extensions of the
internal guts of a cell
- Cilia -hair-like projections used for movement
- Flagella -long, filament-like "tails" used for
swimming
Fungi - ANSWER • Eukaryotic (have membrane-bound nucleus)
• Some are: single cell / branching filaments
organism
• Common agents of human diseases:
- Athlete's foot, Ringworm, and Valley fever.
• Obtain food from other organisms
• Decomposers
• Possess cell walls
• Composed of:
- Molds -multicellular; have hyphae;
reproduce by sexual and asexual spores
- Yeasts -unicellular; reproduce asexually by
budding;
Bacteria - ANSWER All Prokaryotic
• Diverse environments
• Energy source: Chemical / Light
• Size: 0.5 - 10 μm
• Most are single cell
• 3 Important traits that helps one identify the
genus and species
- Shape
- Cell wall type
- Motility
Bacterial shapes - ANSWER - Rods/Bacillus
- Cocus
-circly kind of holes
- Spirillum/Curved
- curly fries
General bacterial cell components - ANSWER - Nucleoid - heredity (single,
circular DNA chromosome)
- Cytoplasm - (80% water, ribosomes, inclusions)
- Inner Cell membrane - ATP synthesis, selective permeability (phospholipid
bilayer with proteins)
- Cell wall - rigidity (peptides, carbohydrates)
