D027 PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026
1. During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema?
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Emigration of neutrophils
c. Endothelial cell expansion
d. Increased capillary permeability - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Increased capillary
permeability
2. A 56 yo diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him feeling well
without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte
should be assessed FIRST?
a. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Potassium
D. Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Potassium
3. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of K, phos, and mag. W/o insulin, K does not
get transported to the intracellular environment and the serum K will rise
4. A 46yo woman is considering having another child. The HCP are explaining to the
woman that children born to women late in life have an increased rate in having children
with which condition?
a. Kawasaki's disease
b. Down syndrome
c. Turner syndrome
d. Klinefelter syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Down syndrome
5. Down syndrome risk increases with maternal age
,6. A pt with several risk factors is concerned about developing Type 2 DM. The HCP advises
the pt to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 DM
because it causes:
a. Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
b. Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
c. Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
7. Stimulation of glucose production by the liver - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Increased
resistance to insulin in the cells
8. People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity causes this
resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not lead to reduced
insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of glucose production.
9. When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for
evidence of:
a. Lipid abnormality
b. Insulin resistance
c. Left ventricular hypertrophy
d. Clotting disorders - CORRECT ANSWER -c. Left ventricular hypertrophy
10. On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and
hypomagnesemia are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is 110
bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on
room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except:
a. Diuretic
b. ACE Inhibitor
c. Digoxin
d. Beta Blocker - CORRECT ANSWER -c. Digoxin
, 11. A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare
professional is best?
a. Administer thrombolytic therapy.
b. Discharge the patient.
c. Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
d. Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization. - CORRECT ANSWER -c. Schedule
repeat troponin within a few hours
12. Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI),
cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial result is normal,
the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to 24 hours. It is not
known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with thrombolytic therapy and/or
catheterization would be premature. The patient should not be discharged since the
professional suspected an MI.
13. Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?
a. Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the stomach
b. Taking high dose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for arthritis
c. Had a hip replacement operation 14 days ago
d. Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER -a. Being
treated for small cell carcinoma of the stomach
14. A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural infusion of
Astramorph. The patients respiratory rate starts to decline to 9 breaths/minute. Which
medication should the healthcare provider anticipate administering to this patient?
a. Protamine sulfate
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026
1. During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema?
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Emigration of neutrophils
c. Endothelial cell expansion
d. Increased capillary permeability - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Increased capillary
permeability
2. A 56 yo diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him feeling well
without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte
should be assessed FIRST?
a. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Potassium
D. Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Potassium
3. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of K, phos, and mag. W/o insulin, K does not
get transported to the intracellular environment and the serum K will rise
4. A 46yo woman is considering having another child. The HCP are explaining to the
woman that children born to women late in life have an increased rate in having children
with which condition?
a. Kawasaki's disease
b. Down syndrome
c. Turner syndrome
d. Klinefelter syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Down syndrome
5. Down syndrome risk increases with maternal age
,6. A pt with several risk factors is concerned about developing Type 2 DM. The HCP advises
the pt to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 DM
because it causes:
a. Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
b. Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
c. Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
7. Stimulation of glucose production by the liver - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Increased
resistance to insulin in the cells
8. People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity causes this
resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not lead to reduced
insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of glucose production.
9. When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for
evidence of:
a. Lipid abnormality
b. Insulin resistance
c. Left ventricular hypertrophy
d. Clotting disorders - CORRECT ANSWER -c. Left ventricular hypertrophy
10. On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and
hypomagnesemia are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is 110
bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on
room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except:
a. Diuretic
b. ACE Inhibitor
c. Digoxin
d. Beta Blocker - CORRECT ANSWER -c. Digoxin
, 11. A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare
professional is best?
a. Administer thrombolytic therapy.
b. Discharge the patient.
c. Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
d. Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization. - CORRECT ANSWER -c. Schedule
repeat troponin within a few hours
12. Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI),
cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial result is normal,
the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to 24 hours. It is not
known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with thrombolytic therapy and/or
catheterization would be premature. The patient should not be discharged since the
professional suspected an MI.
13. Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?
a. Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the stomach
b. Taking high dose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for arthritis
c. Had a hip replacement operation 14 days ago
d. Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER -a. Being
treated for small cell carcinoma of the stomach
14. A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural infusion of
Astramorph. The patients respiratory rate starts to decline to 9 breaths/minute. Which
medication should the healthcare provider anticipate administering to this patient?
a. Protamine sulfate
