P1 REVISION– Conservation and Dissipation of ENERGY
What is work done? What is elastic potential energy?
When an object moves because force was added. ENergy transfer Force applied on an object to change/deform the shape
What is the equation for work done? What is the equation?
Work = Force * Distance EpE = 1/2 * KE (spring constant)2 (squared)
How does friction affect work done?
Friction slows down the object moving. Friction can make it slower causing a
negative impact. If an elastic band stretches by 12.21cm and is has a
spring constant of 1.5N/m, how much energy is being
stored?
0.01118 J
What is gravitational potential energy?
Energy stored in an object when its lifted off the ground
What is the equation?
GPE = Mass * Gravity * height
What is meant by ‘the conservation of energy’?
Total amounts of energy stays the same. Energy cannot be
If a 2kg mass is lifted 0.4 meters how much GPE does it gain? created or destroyed, only transferred
2 * 0.4 * 9.8 = 7.84J Efficiency = Useful/total
If a light bulb converts 250J on electrical energy into 50J
of heat energy, what is it’s efficiency?
250/50 = 0.8 (80% efficient)
What is kinetic energy?
Energy in a moving object 0.2 (x100) = 20% useless
What is the equation?
KE = 1/2*mass * v2 (velocity squared) KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
Transfer
Work done
If a 500kg mass is moving at 12m/s how much kinetic energy does it have? Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
36,000 J Momentum
Conservation of momentum
, P2 REVISION– ENERGY transfer by heating
What does it mean if a material is a good thermal conductor? What is Infrared radiation?
It means that that material can gain thermal energy quite quickly. They can An electromagnetic wave and has a wavelength above
transfer thermal energy quickly and easily because they have a free electron. The visible light and can travel through empty space.
higher the thermal conductivity, the higher the rate of energy transfer
What kinds of surfaces are the best reflectors of
How could you investigate the insulating properties of different materials? infrared?
You could do a practical experiment where you take a beaker full of hot water Shiny white surfaces
(with a thermometer in each) and insulate them with different materials. After a
while, whichever beaker had the biggest temperature change has bad insulating What is a ‘black body’ (Triple)?
properties. An object that absorbs and emits 100% of the infrared
radiation that is shone at it.
What is the definition of Specific Heat Capacity?
The amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of the
substance by 1°C
Describe five different ways in which the insulation of a
What is the equation?
house can be improve.
Energy transferred (J) = mass (kg) x SHC (J/Kg°C) x temp change (°C)
1. Draught excluder → reduces convection
If a 2kg mass is provided with 45kJ of energy and it changes temperature
from 25oC to 37.5oC, what is it’s SHC?
2. Double glazing windows → reduces conduction + convection
SHC = E / m x temp change || 1000 Kj = J
SHC = x 12.5 3. Hot water tank → reduces conduction + convection
SHC = 1800 J/Kg°C
4 Cavity wall insulation. → reduces conduction
Required Practical 5. Loft insulation → reduces conduction
Describe how to use the equipment in the diagram
to calculate the specific heat capacity of different metal blocks.
KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
Set up the experiment as shown in the diagram. Get 3 blocks of metal, place them on a
mass balance, check if they are the same wight. To make the experiment fair, you should Specific Heat
keep the voltage, current, insulator material and the time the same. In the experiment, you Insulation
are changing the metal to see which metal has a higher SHC. Draw a table and write down Conduction
your results for the time it takes for each block to heat up with the same amount of Infra red
current and voltage. Then you take the temperature change (the temp from 0 seconds to
however long you put it for (eg 5 mins)). Then apply the formulae to the experiment.
, P3 REVISION– ENERGY resources
What are the three fossil fuel?
Evaluate the use of Solar power and Geothermal power.
Oil, Natural Gas and Coal
Solar power:
What are the pro’s and con’s of fossil fuel usage?
It is has no running costs once it’s made, and is
PRO: Produces lots of energy
extremely efficient and reliable in sunny countries (like
CON: Emits lots of Co2 which contributes to climate change and adds to
Dubai) however it doesn’t produce lots of energy in
greenhouse gasses + is non-renewable
winter times or at night. It’s used for generating
electricity, heating water, cooking..etc.
Is nuclear power renewable or nonrenewable? Explain.
Non-renewable because it isn’t replenished by a constant source but if will run out
slower than coal/oil.
Geothermal power:
Geothermal uses the heat that is naturally occurring
below the surface of the Earth. Water can be pumped
Draw a flow diagram to show how a non-renewable power station works,
down into the Earth's crust where it is heated up. It is
include the energy transfers at each stage.
used for cooking, bathing, space heating..etc.
Explain, using the diagram, which power stations
should be used for ‘baseload’ and which should be
used to meet high demand.
Nuclear power stations and coal-fired power stations usually
provide base load electricity. They run all the time because
they take the longest time to start up. However natural gas and
oil can be used when we should meet a high demand
List 7 renewable energy sources:
1. Solar - Reliable + Cost free + Efficient
2.Wind
3.Tidal KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
4.Wave
Renewable
5.Geothermal Demand
6.Biofuel Reliable
7.Hydroelectric Greenhouse Gas
Non-renewable
Baseload
What is work done? What is elastic potential energy?
When an object moves because force was added. ENergy transfer Force applied on an object to change/deform the shape
What is the equation for work done? What is the equation?
Work = Force * Distance EpE = 1/2 * KE (spring constant)2 (squared)
How does friction affect work done?
Friction slows down the object moving. Friction can make it slower causing a
negative impact. If an elastic band stretches by 12.21cm and is has a
spring constant of 1.5N/m, how much energy is being
stored?
0.01118 J
What is gravitational potential energy?
Energy stored in an object when its lifted off the ground
What is the equation?
GPE = Mass * Gravity * height
What is meant by ‘the conservation of energy’?
Total amounts of energy stays the same. Energy cannot be
If a 2kg mass is lifted 0.4 meters how much GPE does it gain? created or destroyed, only transferred
2 * 0.4 * 9.8 = 7.84J Efficiency = Useful/total
If a light bulb converts 250J on electrical energy into 50J
of heat energy, what is it’s efficiency?
250/50 = 0.8 (80% efficient)
What is kinetic energy?
Energy in a moving object 0.2 (x100) = 20% useless
What is the equation?
KE = 1/2*mass * v2 (velocity squared) KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
Transfer
Work done
If a 500kg mass is moving at 12m/s how much kinetic energy does it have? Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
36,000 J Momentum
Conservation of momentum
, P2 REVISION– ENERGY transfer by heating
What does it mean if a material is a good thermal conductor? What is Infrared radiation?
It means that that material can gain thermal energy quite quickly. They can An electromagnetic wave and has a wavelength above
transfer thermal energy quickly and easily because they have a free electron. The visible light and can travel through empty space.
higher the thermal conductivity, the higher the rate of energy transfer
What kinds of surfaces are the best reflectors of
How could you investigate the insulating properties of different materials? infrared?
You could do a practical experiment where you take a beaker full of hot water Shiny white surfaces
(with a thermometer in each) and insulate them with different materials. After a
while, whichever beaker had the biggest temperature change has bad insulating What is a ‘black body’ (Triple)?
properties. An object that absorbs and emits 100% of the infrared
radiation that is shone at it.
What is the definition of Specific Heat Capacity?
The amount of energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of the
substance by 1°C
Describe five different ways in which the insulation of a
What is the equation?
house can be improve.
Energy transferred (J) = mass (kg) x SHC (J/Kg°C) x temp change (°C)
1. Draught excluder → reduces convection
If a 2kg mass is provided with 45kJ of energy and it changes temperature
from 25oC to 37.5oC, what is it’s SHC?
2. Double glazing windows → reduces conduction + convection
SHC = E / m x temp change || 1000 Kj = J
SHC = x 12.5 3. Hot water tank → reduces conduction + convection
SHC = 1800 J/Kg°C
4 Cavity wall insulation. → reduces conduction
Required Practical 5. Loft insulation → reduces conduction
Describe how to use the equipment in the diagram
to calculate the specific heat capacity of different metal blocks.
KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
Set up the experiment as shown in the diagram. Get 3 blocks of metal, place them on a
mass balance, check if they are the same wight. To make the experiment fair, you should Specific Heat
keep the voltage, current, insulator material and the time the same. In the experiment, you Insulation
are changing the metal to see which metal has a higher SHC. Draw a table and write down Conduction
your results for the time it takes for each block to heat up with the same amount of Infra red
current and voltage. Then you take the temperature change (the temp from 0 seconds to
however long you put it for (eg 5 mins)). Then apply the formulae to the experiment.
, P3 REVISION– ENERGY resources
What are the three fossil fuel?
Evaluate the use of Solar power and Geothermal power.
Oil, Natural Gas and Coal
Solar power:
What are the pro’s and con’s of fossil fuel usage?
It is has no running costs once it’s made, and is
PRO: Produces lots of energy
extremely efficient and reliable in sunny countries (like
CON: Emits lots of Co2 which contributes to climate change and adds to
Dubai) however it doesn’t produce lots of energy in
greenhouse gasses + is non-renewable
winter times or at night. It’s used for generating
electricity, heating water, cooking..etc.
Is nuclear power renewable or nonrenewable? Explain.
Non-renewable because it isn’t replenished by a constant source but if will run out
slower than coal/oil.
Geothermal power:
Geothermal uses the heat that is naturally occurring
below the surface of the Earth. Water can be pumped
Draw a flow diagram to show how a non-renewable power station works,
down into the Earth's crust where it is heated up. It is
include the energy transfers at each stage.
used for cooking, bathing, space heating..etc.
Explain, using the diagram, which power stations
should be used for ‘baseload’ and which should be
used to meet high demand.
Nuclear power stations and coal-fired power stations usually
provide base load electricity. They run all the time because
they take the longest time to start up. However natural gas and
oil can be used when we should meet a high demand
List 7 renewable energy sources:
1. Solar - Reliable + Cost free + Efficient
2.Wind
3.Tidal KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
4.Wave
Renewable
5.Geothermal Demand
6.Biofuel Reliable
7.Hydroelectric Greenhouse Gas
Non-renewable
Baseload
