0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
Cambridge IGCSE™
HISTORY 0470/12
Paper 1 Structured Questions May/June 2025
2 hours
You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.
* 9 4 8 7 3 1 2 1 7 8 *
You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer three questions in total:
Section A (Core content): answer two questions.
Section B (Depth studies): answer one question.
● Follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper,
ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.
INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
This document has 8 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
DC (DE) 361680/4
© UCLES 2025 [Turn over
0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
, 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
2
SECTION A: CORE CONTENT
Answer two questions from this section.
Option A: The nineteenth century
1 The 1848 revolutions eventually failed.
(a) What were the Hungarian ‘March Laws’? [4]
(b) Why was Charles Albert important in 1848–49? [6]
(c) ‘The revolutions in France and Prussia in 1848 were similar.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. [10]
2 Individuals played an important part in the achievement of Italian unification.
(a) Describe Austria’s position in Italy at the beginning of 1848. [4]
(b) Why did Garibaldi go to Sicily in 1860? [6]
(c) ‘Cavour was an Italian nationalist.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your
answer. [10]
3 Imperialism raised important issues both for the United States and for Britain.
(a) Describe the US intervention in Cuba in 1898. [4]
(b) Why was Theodore Roosevelt important in US foreign policy between 1896 and 1898? [6]
(c) How far was the Indian Rebellion of 1857 a turning point for British rule in India? Explain your
answer. [10]
4 A wide range of different factors contributed to the outbreak of the First World War.
(a) Describe the naval race between Britain and Germany. [4]
(b) Why were events in the Balkans important in the period 1908 to 1914? [6]
(c) ‘Austria was responsible for the fact that the crisis of June–July 1914 resulted in a general
European war.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10]
© UCLES 2025 0470/12/M/J/25
0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
Cambridge IGCSE™
HISTORY 0470/12
Paper 1 Structured Questions May/June 2025
2 hours
You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.
* 9 4 8 7 3 1 2 1 7 8 *
You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer three questions in total:
Section A (Core content): answer two questions.
Section B (Depth studies): answer one question.
● Follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper,
ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.
INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
This document has 8 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
DC (DE) 361680/4
© UCLES 2025 [Turn over
0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
, 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
2
SECTION A: CORE CONTENT
Answer two questions from this section.
Option A: The nineteenth century
1 The 1848 revolutions eventually failed.
(a) What were the Hungarian ‘March Laws’? [4]
(b) Why was Charles Albert important in 1848–49? [6]
(c) ‘The revolutions in France and Prussia in 1848 were similar.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. [10]
2 Individuals played an important part in the achievement of Italian unification.
(a) Describe Austria’s position in Italy at the beginning of 1848. [4]
(b) Why did Garibaldi go to Sicily in 1860? [6]
(c) ‘Cavour was an Italian nationalist.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your
answer. [10]
3 Imperialism raised important issues both for the United States and for Britain.
(a) Describe the US intervention in Cuba in 1898. [4]
(b) Why was Theodore Roosevelt important in US foreign policy between 1896 and 1898? [6]
(c) How far was the Indian Rebellion of 1857 a turning point for British rule in India? Explain your
answer. [10]
4 A wide range of different factors contributed to the outbreak of the First World War.
(a) Describe the naval race between Britain and Germany. [4]
(b) Why were events in the Balkans important in the period 1908 to 1914? [6]
(c) ‘Austria was responsible for the fact that the crisis of June–July 1914 resulted in a general
European war.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10]
© UCLES 2025 0470/12/M/J/25
0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf 0470_s25_qp_12.pdf
