NUR 155 Foundations of Nursing
Exam 3
2026/2027 (Newly Released
Q1: A nurse is documenting a patient's pain using the PQRST method. When asking about the
"R," what information is the nurse seeking?
A. Region/Radiation
B. Recurring/Remitting
C. Rest/Relaxation
D. Relief/Response
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the PQRST mnemonic, R stands for Region or Radiation, asking the patient where
the pain is and if it moves (radiates) to any other location.
Q2: Which pain scale is most appropriate for assessing pain in a 3-year-old child?
A. Numeric Rating Scale (0-10)
B. Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
C. FLACC Scale
D. Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale [CORRECT]
,Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Wong-Baker FACES scale uses pictorial faces with expressions ranging from
happy to crying, making it ideal for children (ages 3-7) who may not have the cognitive ability to
use a numeric scale. FLACC is typically used for non-verbal patients or infants.
Q3: A patient is prescribed Morphine Sulfate for post-operative pain. Which side effect requires
the nurse to implement a bowel regimen?
A. Respiratory depression
B. Nausea
C. Constipation [CORRECT]
D. Pruritus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opioids like morphine decrease peristalsis and increase water absorption in the gut,
leading to constipation. A bowel regimen (stool softeners/laxatives) should be started
prophylactically.
Q4: The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). What is the
priority assessment related to the risk of opioid overdose?
A. Urinary output
B. Respiratory rate and depth [CORRECT]
C. Skin integrity
D. Heart rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most life-threatening adverse effect of opioids is respiratory depression. The
nurse must prioritize monitoring respiratory rate and depth (sedation scale) to prevent overdose.
, Q5: A patient reports chronic back pain and asks about non-pharmacological interventions.
Which technique involves focusing the mind on a pleasant image to alter pain perception?
A. Cutaneous stimulation
B. Guided imagery [CORRECT]
C. Acupressure
D. Biofeedback
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Guided imagery involves the patient concentrating on a mental image that promotes
relaxation and shifts focus away from the pain stimuli.
Q6: A nurse is administering Naloxone (Narcan) to a patient with signs of opioid toxicity. What
is the expected outcome?
A. Increased respiratory rate [CORRECT]
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Pain relief
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids, primarily
respiratory depression and sedation. The nurse should expect an immediate improvement in
respiratory rate and depth.
Q7: Which type of pain is described as "burning" or "shooting" and results from damage to the
peripheral or central nervous system?
A. Visceral pain
B. Somatic pain
C. Neuropathic pain [CORRECT]
D. Referred pain
Correct Answer: C
Exam 3
2026/2027 (Newly Released
Q1: A nurse is documenting a patient's pain using the PQRST method. When asking about the
"R," what information is the nurse seeking?
A. Region/Radiation
B. Recurring/Remitting
C. Rest/Relaxation
D. Relief/Response
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the PQRST mnemonic, R stands for Region or Radiation, asking the patient where
the pain is and if it moves (radiates) to any other location.
Q2: Which pain scale is most appropriate for assessing pain in a 3-year-old child?
A. Numeric Rating Scale (0-10)
B. Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
C. FLACC Scale
D. Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale [CORRECT]
,Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Wong-Baker FACES scale uses pictorial faces with expressions ranging from
happy to crying, making it ideal for children (ages 3-7) who may not have the cognitive ability to
use a numeric scale. FLACC is typically used for non-verbal patients or infants.
Q3: A patient is prescribed Morphine Sulfate for post-operative pain. Which side effect requires
the nurse to implement a bowel regimen?
A. Respiratory depression
B. Nausea
C. Constipation [CORRECT]
D. Pruritus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opioids like morphine decrease peristalsis and increase water absorption in the gut,
leading to constipation. A bowel regimen (stool softeners/laxatives) should be started
prophylactically.
Q4: The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). What is the
priority assessment related to the risk of opioid overdose?
A. Urinary output
B. Respiratory rate and depth [CORRECT]
C. Skin integrity
D. Heart rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most life-threatening adverse effect of opioids is respiratory depression. The
nurse must prioritize monitoring respiratory rate and depth (sedation scale) to prevent overdose.
, Q5: A patient reports chronic back pain and asks about non-pharmacological interventions.
Which technique involves focusing the mind on a pleasant image to alter pain perception?
A. Cutaneous stimulation
B. Guided imagery [CORRECT]
C. Acupressure
D. Biofeedback
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Guided imagery involves the patient concentrating on a mental image that promotes
relaxation and shifts focus away from the pain stimuli.
Q6: A nurse is administering Naloxone (Narcan) to a patient with signs of opioid toxicity. What
is the expected outcome?
A. Increased respiratory rate [CORRECT]
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Pain relief
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids, primarily
respiratory depression and sedation. The nurse should expect an immediate improvement in
respiratory rate and depth.
Q7: Which type of pain is described as "burning" or "shooting" and results from damage to the
peripheral or central nervous system?
A. Visceral pain
B. Somatic pain
C. Neuropathic pain [CORRECT]
D. Referred pain
Correct Answer: C
