MSCP COMP EXAM | VERIFIED ACCURATE STUDY
GUIDE
Educate for Formation in Faith - Answers - Integrates faith and reason in the pursuit of
truth, promotes spiritual growth alongside intellectual development, encourages
respectful humility and openness to all beliefs, helps students form a strong moral and
ethical foundation.
Provide an Excellent Education - Answers - Develops the whole person: mind, body,
heart, and spirit; blends liberal and professional education; emphasizes lifelong
learning, critical thinking, and inclusion; encourages diverse cultural understanding and
meaningful teacher-student interaction.
Educate in Family Spirit - Answers - Builds a loving, supportive community; encourages
mutual respect, care, and belonging; promotes collaboration and shared responsibility;
provides courage to take risks and celebrate success together.
Educate for Service, Justice and Peace - Answers - Connects learning to real-world
issues; encourages active service and advocacy for the common good; promotes
justice, human dignity, and care for the marginalized; cultivates social responsibility and
ethical action.
Educate for Adaptation to Change - Answers - Encourages flexibility, innovation, and
resilience; prepares students to thrive in a changing world; upholds core values while
embracing new methods; inspired by Chaminade's quote: 'New times call for new
methods.'
Five-Factor Model (Big Five) - Answers - OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
Openness to Experience - Answers - Characterized by imagination, creativity, curiosity,
and a willingness to try new things.
High Openness - Answers - Imaginative, adventurous, open to new ideas.
Low Openness - Answers - Conventional, prefers routine, resistant to change.
Abraham Maslow - Humanistic Psychology - Answers - Created the hierarchy of needs;
believed in human potential and self-actualization. Personality is driven by motivation to
meet needs, from physiological to transcendence.
Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory - Answers - Unconscious mind (id, ego,
superego); psychosexual stages of development; defense mechanisms; personality
shaped by early childhood experiences and internal conflicts.
,Carl Jung - Analytical Psychology - Answers - Collective unconscious & archetypes;
introversion vs. extraversion; psychological types (basis for MBTI); individuation (self-
realization process); emphasized the process of individuation.
Alfred Adler - Individual Psychology - Answers - Inferiority complex & striving for
superiority; birth order & personality; social interest & community feeling; lifestyle as a
core aspect of personality.
Karen Horney - Neo-Freudian - Answers - Basic anxiety & neurotic needs; feminist
critique of Freud (womb envy); interpersonal relationships shape personality; moving
toward, against, or away from people.
Erik Erikson - Psychosocial Development - Answers - Eight psychosocial stages
(lifespan development); each stage presents a conflict that must be resolved for healthy
personality development (e.g., identity vs. role confusion); emphasis on social and
cultural influences.
Gordon Allport - Trait Theory - Answers - Believed traits were the building blocks of
personality and emphasized the uniqueness of the individual.
Cardinal traits - Answers - Traits that dominate and shape a person's behavior.
Central traits - Answers - General characteristics that form the foundation of personality.
Secondary traits - Answers - Traits that are more preferences than core characteristics.
Functional autonomy of motives - Answers - The idea that motives can become
independent from their original drives.
Idiographic approach - Answers - An individual-focused approach to personality
assessment.
Hans Eysenck - Answers - Psychologist known for the Biological Trait Theory.
PEN model - Answers - Three-factor model consisting of Psychoticism, Extraversion-
Introversion, and Neuroticism-Emotional Stability.
Psychoticism - Answers - A personality trait associated with aggression and impulsivity.
Extraversion-Introversion - Answers - A dimension of personality that describes
sociability and energy levels.
Neuroticism-Emotional Stability - Answers - A trait reflecting emotional instability versus
emotional stability.
,B.F. Skinner - Answers - Psychologist known for Behaviorism and operant conditioning.
Operant conditioning - Answers - A learning process through which behavior is shaped
by reinforcement or punishment.
Albert Bandura - Answers - Psychologist known for Social Learning Theory.
Observational learning - Answers - Learning that occurs through observing the behavior
of others.
Self-efficacy - Answers - Belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.
Reciprocal determinism - Answers - The interaction between behavior, environment,
and cognition.
Julian Rotter - Answers - Psychologist known for his work on locus of control and social
learning theory.
Locus of control - Answers - The extent to which individuals believe they can control
events affecting them.
Carl Rogers - Answers - Psychologist known for Person-Centered Theory.
Unconditional positive regard - Answers - Acceptance and support of a person
regardless of what they say or do.
Abraham Maslow - Answers - Psychologist known for the Hierarchy of Needs.
Hierarchy of needs - Answers - A motivational theory comprising a five-tier model of
human needs.
George Kelly - Answers - Psychologist known for Personal Construct Theory.
Personal constructs - Answers - Cognitive filters through which individuals interpret the
world.
Extinction - Answers - The weakening or disappearance of a learned behavior when
reinforcement is removed.
Shaping - Answers - Gradually reinforcing behaviors that come closer to the desired
target behavior.
Analysis of Transference - Answers - Exploring how a client projects feelings about
others onto the therapist.
, Countertransference - Answers - The therapist's emotional response to the client, often
rooted in unresolved issues.
Assertive Training - Answers - A technique to help clients express thoughts and feelings
directly and respectfully.
Systematic Desensitization - Answers - A behavioral method where clients are gradually
exposed to feared stimuli while using relaxation techniques.
Imagery - Answers - Using mental visualization to evoke calmness, confront fears, or
rehearse new behaviors.
Modeling - Answers - Learning by observing and imitating the behaviors of others.
Unfinished Business - Answers - Unresolved past experiences or emotions that interfere
with current functioning, often explored in Gestalt therapy.
Separation Anxiety - Answers - Excessive fear or distress about being away from
attachment figures, common in children but can appear in adults.
Phobia - Answers - A persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation
that leads to avoidance.
Cognitive Homework - Answers - Therapeutic assignments that challenge or reinforce
new ways of thinking between sessions.
Contracts & Homework Assignments - Answers - Written agreements or tasks that
promote accountability and therapeutic progress.
Self-Concept - Answers - A person's view or perception of themselves, including beliefs,
values, and self-worth.
Diathesis-Stress Model - Answers - A theory that psychological disorders result from a
combination of genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors.
Double-Bind - Answers - A communication dilemma where a person receives conflicting
messages, leading to no acceptable response—linked to early theories of
schizophrenia.
Learning Principles: Classical Conditioning - Answers - Learning through association,
like Pavlov's dogs salivating to a bell.
Learning Principles: Operant Conditioning - Answers - Learning through
consequences—reinforcements or punishments influence behavior.
GUIDE
Educate for Formation in Faith - Answers - Integrates faith and reason in the pursuit of
truth, promotes spiritual growth alongside intellectual development, encourages
respectful humility and openness to all beliefs, helps students form a strong moral and
ethical foundation.
Provide an Excellent Education - Answers - Develops the whole person: mind, body,
heart, and spirit; blends liberal and professional education; emphasizes lifelong
learning, critical thinking, and inclusion; encourages diverse cultural understanding and
meaningful teacher-student interaction.
Educate in Family Spirit - Answers - Builds a loving, supportive community; encourages
mutual respect, care, and belonging; promotes collaboration and shared responsibility;
provides courage to take risks and celebrate success together.
Educate for Service, Justice and Peace - Answers - Connects learning to real-world
issues; encourages active service and advocacy for the common good; promotes
justice, human dignity, and care for the marginalized; cultivates social responsibility and
ethical action.
Educate for Adaptation to Change - Answers - Encourages flexibility, innovation, and
resilience; prepares students to thrive in a changing world; upholds core values while
embracing new methods; inspired by Chaminade's quote: 'New times call for new
methods.'
Five-Factor Model (Big Five) - Answers - OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
Openness to Experience - Answers - Characterized by imagination, creativity, curiosity,
and a willingness to try new things.
High Openness - Answers - Imaginative, adventurous, open to new ideas.
Low Openness - Answers - Conventional, prefers routine, resistant to change.
Abraham Maslow - Humanistic Psychology - Answers - Created the hierarchy of needs;
believed in human potential and self-actualization. Personality is driven by motivation to
meet needs, from physiological to transcendence.
Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory - Answers - Unconscious mind (id, ego,
superego); psychosexual stages of development; defense mechanisms; personality
shaped by early childhood experiences and internal conflicts.
,Carl Jung - Analytical Psychology - Answers - Collective unconscious & archetypes;
introversion vs. extraversion; psychological types (basis for MBTI); individuation (self-
realization process); emphasized the process of individuation.
Alfred Adler - Individual Psychology - Answers - Inferiority complex & striving for
superiority; birth order & personality; social interest & community feeling; lifestyle as a
core aspect of personality.
Karen Horney - Neo-Freudian - Answers - Basic anxiety & neurotic needs; feminist
critique of Freud (womb envy); interpersonal relationships shape personality; moving
toward, against, or away from people.
Erik Erikson - Psychosocial Development - Answers - Eight psychosocial stages
(lifespan development); each stage presents a conflict that must be resolved for healthy
personality development (e.g., identity vs. role confusion); emphasis on social and
cultural influences.
Gordon Allport - Trait Theory - Answers - Believed traits were the building blocks of
personality and emphasized the uniqueness of the individual.
Cardinal traits - Answers - Traits that dominate and shape a person's behavior.
Central traits - Answers - General characteristics that form the foundation of personality.
Secondary traits - Answers - Traits that are more preferences than core characteristics.
Functional autonomy of motives - Answers - The idea that motives can become
independent from their original drives.
Idiographic approach - Answers - An individual-focused approach to personality
assessment.
Hans Eysenck - Answers - Psychologist known for the Biological Trait Theory.
PEN model - Answers - Three-factor model consisting of Psychoticism, Extraversion-
Introversion, and Neuroticism-Emotional Stability.
Psychoticism - Answers - A personality trait associated with aggression and impulsivity.
Extraversion-Introversion - Answers - A dimension of personality that describes
sociability and energy levels.
Neuroticism-Emotional Stability - Answers - A trait reflecting emotional instability versus
emotional stability.
,B.F. Skinner - Answers - Psychologist known for Behaviorism and operant conditioning.
Operant conditioning - Answers - A learning process through which behavior is shaped
by reinforcement or punishment.
Albert Bandura - Answers - Psychologist known for Social Learning Theory.
Observational learning - Answers - Learning that occurs through observing the behavior
of others.
Self-efficacy - Answers - Belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.
Reciprocal determinism - Answers - The interaction between behavior, environment,
and cognition.
Julian Rotter - Answers - Psychologist known for his work on locus of control and social
learning theory.
Locus of control - Answers - The extent to which individuals believe they can control
events affecting them.
Carl Rogers - Answers - Psychologist known for Person-Centered Theory.
Unconditional positive regard - Answers - Acceptance and support of a person
regardless of what they say or do.
Abraham Maslow - Answers - Psychologist known for the Hierarchy of Needs.
Hierarchy of needs - Answers - A motivational theory comprising a five-tier model of
human needs.
George Kelly - Answers - Psychologist known for Personal Construct Theory.
Personal constructs - Answers - Cognitive filters through which individuals interpret the
world.
Extinction - Answers - The weakening or disappearance of a learned behavior when
reinforcement is removed.
Shaping - Answers - Gradually reinforcing behaviors that come closer to the desired
target behavior.
Analysis of Transference - Answers - Exploring how a client projects feelings about
others onto the therapist.
, Countertransference - Answers - The therapist's emotional response to the client, often
rooted in unresolved issues.
Assertive Training - Answers - A technique to help clients express thoughts and feelings
directly and respectfully.
Systematic Desensitization - Answers - A behavioral method where clients are gradually
exposed to feared stimuli while using relaxation techniques.
Imagery - Answers - Using mental visualization to evoke calmness, confront fears, or
rehearse new behaviors.
Modeling - Answers - Learning by observing and imitating the behaviors of others.
Unfinished Business - Answers - Unresolved past experiences or emotions that interfere
with current functioning, often explored in Gestalt therapy.
Separation Anxiety - Answers - Excessive fear or distress about being away from
attachment figures, common in children but can appear in adults.
Phobia - Answers - A persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation
that leads to avoidance.
Cognitive Homework - Answers - Therapeutic assignments that challenge or reinforce
new ways of thinking between sessions.
Contracts & Homework Assignments - Answers - Written agreements or tasks that
promote accountability and therapeutic progress.
Self-Concept - Answers - A person's view or perception of themselves, including beliefs,
values, and self-worth.
Diathesis-Stress Model - Answers - A theory that psychological disorders result from a
combination of genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors.
Double-Bind - Answers - A communication dilemma where a person receives conflicting
messages, leading to no acceptable response—linked to early theories of
schizophrenia.
Learning Principles: Classical Conditioning - Answers - Learning through association,
like Pavlov's dogs salivating to a bell.
Learning Principles: Operant Conditioning - Answers - Learning through
consequences—reinforcements or punishments influence behavior.
