NUR 426 Final Exam: Community Health Nursing Theory &
Application V1 - Arizona College Updated and Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationale
1. Which of the following activities is an example of primary prevention?
A. Providing physical therapy to a patient after a stroke
B. Performing a blood pressure screening at a health fair
C. Administering a flu vaccine to a healthy adult
D. Educating a diabetic patient on foot care
Ans: C
Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or injury.
Immunizations are a classic example of primary prevention as they protect individuals before they get
sick. This level of prevention targets healthy populations to reduce the incidence of illness. It differs from
secondary prevention which focuses on early detection. Nurses prioritize these interventions to promote
long-term community wellness.
2. A nurse is conducting a scoliosis screening at a local middle school. This is an example of which level of
prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Quaternary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Secondary prevention
Ans: D
,Explanation: Secondary prevention involves early detection and rapid intervention to limit the impact of
a disease. Screenings are the primary tool used in this stage of prevention. By identifying scoliosis early,
the nurse can ensure the student receives timely treatment. This prevents the condition from progressing
into a more serious disability. It bridges the gap between health promotion and chronic disease
management.
3. Tertiary prevention is best described by which of the following nursing actions?
A. Teaching handwashing to preschool children
B. Giving a tetanus booster after an injury
C. Testing a well for bacterial contamination
D. Leading a support group for individuals with chronic heart failure
Ans: D
Explanation: Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation and preventing further complications from
an existing disease. Support groups help patients manage chronic conditions to improve their quality of
life. This level of care aims to restore the individual to their optimal level of functioning. It occurs after a
diagnosis has been made and initial treatment is complete. Nurses in this role often provide long-term
monitoring and education.
4. In the epidemiological triangle, which factor represents the person or animal that harbors a disease?
A. The Host
B. The Environment
C. The Agent
D. The Vector
Ans: A
, Explanation: The host is the living being that is affected by the agent within a specific environment.
Factors like age, genetics, and lifestyle can influence the host’s susceptibility to disease. Understanding
host characteristics is vital for identifying populations at high risk. The host is one of the three essential
corners of the epidemiological triangle. Identifying host factors allows nurses to tailor specific prevention
strategies effectively.
5. Which component of the epidemiological triangle includes physical, social, and economic factors?
A. Host
B. Agent
C. Environment
D. Pathogen
Ans: C
Explanation: The environment encompasses all external factors that influence the interaction between
host and agent. This includes physical elements like climate and social elements like poverty levels.
Environmental factors can either promote or hinder the spread of infectious diseases. Nurses assess the
environment to identify hazards that could negatively impact community health. Modifying the
environment is a common strategy used in public health interventions.
6. What does the ‘incidence rate’ measure in a community health assessment?
A. The total number of existing cases in a population
B. The number of deaths caused by a specific disease
C. The number of new cases of a disease over a specific period
D. The proportion of the population with a specific risk factor
Ans: C
Application V1 - Arizona College Updated and Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationale
1. Which of the following activities is an example of primary prevention?
A. Providing physical therapy to a patient after a stroke
B. Performing a blood pressure screening at a health fair
C. Administering a flu vaccine to a healthy adult
D. Educating a diabetic patient on foot care
Ans: C
Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or injury.
Immunizations are a classic example of primary prevention as they protect individuals before they get
sick. This level of prevention targets healthy populations to reduce the incidence of illness. It differs from
secondary prevention which focuses on early detection. Nurses prioritize these interventions to promote
long-term community wellness.
2. A nurse is conducting a scoliosis screening at a local middle school. This is an example of which level of
prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Quaternary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Secondary prevention
Ans: D
,Explanation: Secondary prevention involves early detection and rapid intervention to limit the impact of
a disease. Screenings are the primary tool used in this stage of prevention. By identifying scoliosis early,
the nurse can ensure the student receives timely treatment. This prevents the condition from progressing
into a more serious disability. It bridges the gap between health promotion and chronic disease
management.
3. Tertiary prevention is best described by which of the following nursing actions?
A. Teaching handwashing to preschool children
B. Giving a tetanus booster after an injury
C. Testing a well for bacterial contamination
D. Leading a support group for individuals with chronic heart failure
Ans: D
Explanation: Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation and preventing further complications from
an existing disease. Support groups help patients manage chronic conditions to improve their quality of
life. This level of care aims to restore the individual to their optimal level of functioning. It occurs after a
diagnosis has been made and initial treatment is complete. Nurses in this role often provide long-term
monitoring and education.
4. In the epidemiological triangle, which factor represents the person or animal that harbors a disease?
A. The Host
B. The Environment
C. The Agent
D. The Vector
Ans: A
, Explanation: The host is the living being that is affected by the agent within a specific environment.
Factors like age, genetics, and lifestyle can influence the host’s susceptibility to disease. Understanding
host characteristics is vital for identifying populations at high risk. The host is one of the three essential
corners of the epidemiological triangle. Identifying host factors allows nurses to tailor specific prevention
strategies effectively.
5. Which component of the epidemiological triangle includes physical, social, and economic factors?
A. Host
B. Agent
C. Environment
D. Pathogen
Ans: C
Explanation: The environment encompasses all external factors that influence the interaction between
host and agent. This includes physical elements like climate and social elements like poverty levels.
Environmental factors can either promote or hinder the spread of infectious diseases. Nurses assess the
environment to identify hazards that could negatively impact community health. Modifying the
environment is a common strategy used in public health interventions.
6. What does the ‘incidence rate’ measure in a community health assessment?
A. The total number of existing cases in a population
B. The number of deaths caused by a specific disease
C. The number of new cases of a disease over a specific period
D. The proportion of the population with a specific risk factor
Ans: C
