Advanced Biology Exam 2 With Questions
And Answers Latest Update 2026
reproduction of exact copies of single gene or
Molecular cloning
sequence
huge amount of genetic material and single
Troubles of gene isolation genes only make a tiny fraction of whole
genome
small pieces of DNA that have the ability to be
replicated and used to introduce foreign gene of Cloning Vectors
interest in host cell
antibiotic resistance, pigment production,
functions of plasmids degradation of compounds, and dinitrogen
fixation
region with several restriction enzyme
recognition sequences that provide cloning sites Multiple cloning sites
for insertion of gene
first plasmid created in lab
Characteristics of pBR322 Small and isolated easily
for DNA of up 5 to 10 kB
Work when recombinant DNA and viral particles
are packaged in a test tube and placed on Bacteriophages
bacterial plates to infect
small hybrid plasmid with cos (cohesive termini)
sites from phage DNA, a plasmid origin of
replication, and genes for antibiotic resistance Cosmids
Sequences are 200 kb
Useful for eukaryotic studies and large DNA
fragments between 200 to 1500 kb Yeast artificial chromosome
Self-replicating vector maintained in yeast
, Synthetic vectors used to clone large fragments BActerial artificial chromosome
of eukaryotic chromosomes between 100 to 300
kb
Derived from F plasmid
What takes place at the restriction sites of The plasmid is opened for DNA fragment
pBR322? insertion
What are used for plasmid and DNA insert Genes encoding for resistance to ampicillin and
selection? tetracycline
What can be said about an antibiotic resistance Bacteria receiving plasmid is sensitive to
gene that is broken with the DNA of interest? antibiotic and die if treated with antibiotic.
The importance of the fertility factor of BACs Allows the vector to accommodate larger inserts
purpose of cloning vectors obtain multiple copies of desired foreign gene
selectable marker, origin of replication, and
components of vectors
restriction site
resistance to disease, pests, herbicides, improve
Purpose of plant cloning vectors
plant quality and nutritional quality
Tobacco mosaic virus and Ti plasmid from
commonly used plant vectors
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
The cause of crown gall disease in plants due to
T-DNA containing eight genes that integrate Agrobacterium tumefaciens
into plant genome
Plant disease that permits the transfer and
stable integration of bacterial DNA into the Crown gall formation
plant genome
And Answers Latest Update 2026
reproduction of exact copies of single gene or
Molecular cloning
sequence
huge amount of genetic material and single
Troubles of gene isolation genes only make a tiny fraction of whole
genome
small pieces of DNA that have the ability to be
replicated and used to introduce foreign gene of Cloning Vectors
interest in host cell
antibiotic resistance, pigment production,
functions of plasmids degradation of compounds, and dinitrogen
fixation
region with several restriction enzyme
recognition sequences that provide cloning sites Multiple cloning sites
for insertion of gene
first plasmid created in lab
Characteristics of pBR322 Small and isolated easily
for DNA of up 5 to 10 kB
Work when recombinant DNA and viral particles
are packaged in a test tube and placed on Bacteriophages
bacterial plates to infect
small hybrid plasmid with cos (cohesive termini)
sites from phage DNA, a plasmid origin of
replication, and genes for antibiotic resistance Cosmids
Sequences are 200 kb
Useful for eukaryotic studies and large DNA
fragments between 200 to 1500 kb Yeast artificial chromosome
Self-replicating vector maintained in yeast
, Synthetic vectors used to clone large fragments BActerial artificial chromosome
of eukaryotic chromosomes between 100 to 300
kb
Derived from F plasmid
What takes place at the restriction sites of The plasmid is opened for DNA fragment
pBR322? insertion
What are used for plasmid and DNA insert Genes encoding for resistance to ampicillin and
selection? tetracycline
What can be said about an antibiotic resistance Bacteria receiving plasmid is sensitive to
gene that is broken with the DNA of interest? antibiotic and die if treated with antibiotic.
The importance of the fertility factor of BACs Allows the vector to accommodate larger inserts
purpose of cloning vectors obtain multiple copies of desired foreign gene
selectable marker, origin of replication, and
components of vectors
restriction site
resistance to disease, pests, herbicides, improve
Purpose of plant cloning vectors
plant quality and nutritional quality
Tobacco mosaic virus and Ti plasmid from
commonly used plant vectors
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
The cause of crown gall disease in plants due to
T-DNA containing eight genes that integrate Agrobacterium tumefaciens
into plant genome
Plant disease that permits the transfer and
stable integration of bacterial DNA into the Crown gall formation
plant genome
