Page 1 of 101
NURS 5433 FNP II FINAL EXAM | FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS | BRAND NEW!
15-15 rule - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > 15g fast acting carbs --> recheck in
15 minutes and repeat if needed
FBG, PPG, A1C - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > adults:
Fbg 80-130
2 hour ppg <180
A1c <7
Peds:
Fbg 90-130
2 hour ppg <180
A1c <7.5
Pregnant:
Fbg <95
2 hour ppg <120
,Page 2 of 101
A1c <6
Biguanides - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Metformin
Lowers hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases insulin sensitivity
SE: GI upset, B12 deficiency, lactic acidosis
Caution in renal dysfunction (GFR <30) and in liver disease
A1C Drops 1-1.5%
Sulfonyureas - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Glipizide, Glyburide
Increases insulin secretion from pancreas
SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain
Caution in hypoglycemia in elderly and renal impairment
A1C drops 1-1.5%
DPP-4 inhibitors - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Sitagliptin
Increases incretin which then increases insulin and decreases
glucagon
SE: nasopharyngitis, headache
A1C: 0.6-0.8%
SGLT2 Inhibitors - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Empagliflozin, Canagliflozin
,Page 3 of 101
Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidneys and excretes glucose in
urine
SE: utis, genital infections, dehydration, ketoacidosis
Caution in renal dysfunction, risk of DKA
A1C drops 0.5-1%
GLP1 Receptor agonist - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Semaglutide
Mimics incretin, increases insulin and decreases glucagon, slows
gastric emptying
SE: n/v, weight loss
Caution in thyroid tumors and pancreatitis
A1C drops 1-1.5%
Thiazolidinediones (tzds) - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Pioglitazone
Increases insulin sensitivity
SE: Weight gain, edema, heart failure, bone fractures
A1C down 0.5-1.5%
Alpha glucoside inhibitors - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Acarbose
Delays carb absorption in the gut
SE: flatulence, diarrhea
Caution in IBD, bowel dysfunction
, Page 4 of 101
A1C down 0.5-0.8%
Bromocriptine - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > improves insulin sensitivity
and decreases hepatic glucose production
A1C down 0.5-0.7%
SE: hallucinations or psychosis, dizziness, fatigue, orthostatic
hypotension
Rapid acting insulin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ex. Novolog, humalog
Mealtime or bolus insulin
Onset 10-30 mins
Peaks 30-90 mins
Duration 3-5 hours
Short acting insulin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ex. Regular insulin
Slower than rapid acting, covers meals
Onset 30-60 mins
Peak 2-4 hours
Duration 5-8 hours
Intermediate insulin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ex. NPH (Humulin)
Cloudy, less predictable
NURS 5433 FNP II FINAL EXAM | FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS | BRAND NEW!
15-15 rule - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > 15g fast acting carbs --> recheck in
15 minutes and repeat if needed
FBG, PPG, A1C - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > adults:
Fbg 80-130
2 hour ppg <180
A1c <7
Peds:
Fbg 90-130
2 hour ppg <180
A1c <7.5
Pregnant:
Fbg <95
2 hour ppg <120
,Page 2 of 101
A1c <6
Biguanides - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Metformin
Lowers hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases insulin sensitivity
SE: GI upset, B12 deficiency, lactic acidosis
Caution in renal dysfunction (GFR <30) and in liver disease
A1C Drops 1-1.5%
Sulfonyureas - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Glipizide, Glyburide
Increases insulin secretion from pancreas
SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain
Caution in hypoglycemia in elderly and renal impairment
A1C drops 1-1.5%
DPP-4 inhibitors - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Sitagliptin
Increases incretin which then increases insulin and decreases
glucagon
SE: nasopharyngitis, headache
A1C: 0.6-0.8%
SGLT2 Inhibitors - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Empagliflozin, Canagliflozin
,Page 3 of 101
Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidneys and excretes glucose in
urine
SE: utis, genital infections, dehydration, ketoacidosis
Caution in renal dysfunction, risk of DKA
A1C drops 0.5-1%
GLP1 Receptor agonist - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Semaglutide
Mimics incretin, increases insulin and decreases glucagon, slows
gastric emptying
SE: n/v, weight loss
Caution in thyroid tumors and pancreatitis
A1C drops 1-1.5%
Thiazolidinediones (tzds) - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Pioglitazone
Increases insulin sensitivity
SE: Weight gain, edema, heart failure, bone fractures
A1C down 0.5-1.5%
Alpha glucoside inhibitors - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Acarbose
Delays carb absorption in the gut
SE: flatulence, diarrhea
Caution in IBD, bowel dysfunction
, Page 4 of 101
A1C down 0.5-0.8%
Bromocriptine - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > improves insulin sensitivity
and decreases hepatic glucose production
A1C down 0.5-0.7%
SE: hallucinations or psychosis, dizziness, fatigue, orthostatic
hypotension
Rapid acting insulin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ex. Novolog, humalog
Mealtime or bolus insulin
Onset 10-30 mins
Peaks 30-90 mins
Duration 3-5 hours
Short acting insulin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ex. Regular insulin
Slower than rapid acting, covers meals
Onset 30-60 mins
Peak 2-4 hours
Duration 5-8 hours
Intermediate insulin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ex. NPH (Humulin)
Cloudy, less predictable
