STAGE 1 : Glycolysis
Describe the process of glycolysis in
respiration (5 parts).
Where does this occur? What is the net
gain of products after glycolysis?
, Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of all of cells in all organisms.
GLYCOLYSIS:
a. 1 ATP is hydrolysed to 1 ADP and 1 Pi. The inorganic phosphate group is used to phosphorylate glucose forming
glucose-6-phosphate.
b. Another ATP is hydrolysed and the phosphate group is attached to form fructose-1-6-bisphosphate.
c. This then splits into two molecules of triose phosphate (TP).
d. 2 TP is oxidised by losing hydrogen which is accepted by a coenzyme called NAD+, forming NADH.
e. The TP is also dephosphorylated to form pyruvate - the phosphates released are used to form 2 molecules of ATP.
Because 2 molecules of TP are produced the products of glycolysis are:
2x pyruvate
2x NADH (reduced NAD)
4x ATP
There is a net gain of 2ATP in glycolysis - 2ATP’s were used up in the first stages, but 4ATP’s were produced in the last
stage
Describe the process of glycolysis in
respiration (5 parts).
Where does this occur? What is the net
gain of products after glycolysis?
, Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of all of cells in all organisms.
GLYCOLYSIS:
a. 1 ATP is hydrolysed to 1 ADP and 1 Pi. The inorganic phosphate group is used to phosphorylate glucose forming
glucose-6-phosphate.
b. Another ATP is hydrolysed and the phosphate group is attached to form fructose-1-6-bisphosphate.
c. This then splits into two molecules of triose phosphate (TP).
d. 2 TP is oxidised by losing hydrogen which is accepted by a coenzyme called NAD+, forming NADH.
e. The TP is also dephosphorylated to form pyruvate - the phosphates released are used to form 2 molecules of ATP.
Because 2 molecules of TP are produced the products of glycolysis are:
2x pyruvate
2x NADH (reduced NAD)
4x ATP
There is a net gain of 2ATP in glycolysis - 2ATP’s were used up in the first stages, but 4ATP’s were produced in the last
stage
