ess 101 final - exam questions with answers
joints facilitate weathering because - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔they increase the acidity of the water and they provide
more surface area for the weathering front to attack
why did the rill depth increase on the limestone boulders
measured on three different alpine glacial moraines
studied along the valley floor? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔the lower moraine was older and subject to longer
weathering
frost wedging occurs in rock because - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔water expands when it freezes to form ice
H+ ions utilized in hydrolysis weather reactions come
from _____ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carbonic acid
Over time angular joint blocks will _______ due to surface
weathering - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔become rounded
Oolites form from ______ - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔precipitation of calcite around sand grains oscillated by
waves
,According to the principle of inclusions the closest age for
the formation of a conglomerate rock ____ - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔would be the average clast (pebble) age
compromising the conglomerate
a minimum of ____ seismic stations is necessary to
determine the focus of an earthquake - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔3
if an earthquake occurs, the _____ waves are the second
waves to arrive at a seismic station - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔S
high temperature is conductive to _____ deformation in
rock - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ductile
a high strain rate is conducive to ______ deformation in
rock - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔brittle fracture
the ______ is exposed in the center or an eroding anticline
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔oldest rock
a reverse fault - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔may have
repeating strata exposed in a vertical cross-section AND
, may result in older rock units overlying younger units in a
vertical cross-section
________ is an example of elastic deformation - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔filling and emptying a reservoir, and
isostatic unloading of the earth's lithosphere following
deglaciation
which metamorphic rock has been subject to the highest
grade of heat and pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔gneiss
What kind of faults bound mountains and valleys of the
Basin and Range province in Nevada and Utah? -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔normal faults
what kind of stress would expect to cause normal
faulting? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔tensile (extension)
at what kind of plate margin would you expect to find
normal faulting? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔divergent
what hypothesis did we discuss to explain Basin and
Range tectonics (i.e. to explain why a divergent margin
might be forming under Nevada and Utah?) Hint: we infer
joints facilitate weathering because - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔they increase the acidity of the water and they provide
more surface area for the weathering front to attack
why did the rill depth increase on the limestone boulders
measured on three different alpine glacial moraines
studied along the valley floor? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔the lower moraine was older and subject to longer
weathering
frost wedging occurs in rock because - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔water expands when it freezes to form ice
H+ ions utilized in hydrolysis weather reactions come
from _____ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carbonic acid
Over time angular joint blocks will _______ due to surface
weathering - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔become rounded
Oolites form from ______ - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔precipitation of calcite around sand grains oscillated by
waves
,According to the principle of inclusions the closest age for
the formation of a conglomerate rock ____ - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔would be the average clast (pebble) age
compromising the conglomerate
a minimum of ____ seismic stations is necessary to
determine the focus of an earthquake - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔3
if an earthquake occurs, the _____ waves are the second
waves to arrive at a seismic station - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔S
high temperature is conductive to _____ deformation in
rock - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ductile
a high strain rate is conducive to ______ deformation in
rock - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔brittle fracture
the ______ is exposed in the center or an eroding anticline
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔oldest rock
a reverse fault - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔may have
repeating strata exposed in a vertical cross-section AND
, may result in older rock units overlying younger units in a
vertical cross-section
________ is an example of elastic deformation - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔filling and emptying a reservoir, and
isostatic unloading of the earth's lithosphere following
deglaciation
which metamorphic rock has been subject to the highest
grade of heat and pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔gneiss
What kind of faults bound mountains and valleys of the
Basin and Range province in Nevada and Utah? -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔normal faults
what kind of stress would expect to cause normal
faulting? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔tensile (extension)
at what kind of plate margin would you expect to find
normal faulting? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔divergent
what hypothesis did we discuss to explain Basin and
Range tectonics (i.e. to explain why a divergent margin
might be forming under Nevada and Utah?) Hint: we infer
