CVP EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS/ GET IT 100% ACCURATE
(EDEMA CAUSES) Decreased plasma proteins - correct
answer- -Loss of proteins - burns, wounds, nephrosis
-Failure to produce proteins -analbuminemia ("without")
(EDEMA CAUSES) High capillary hydrostatic pressure - correct
answer- -Excess fluid retention in kidneys
-Decreased arteriolar resistance
-Increased venous pressure - heart failure
(EDEMA CAUSES) Increased capillary permeability - correct
answer- -Immune reactions
-Toxins
-Burns
-Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in pregnancy
-prolonged ischemia
-vitamin deficiency (Vitamin C)
,(EDEMA CAUSES)Blockage of lymph return - correct
answer- -Cancer
-Surgery
-Infections
after blood loss pulse pressure - correct answer- 90-60=
30
the pulse is not very prominent= Thready pulse
afterload - correct answer- Amount of resistance the
heart must overcome to open the aorta valve and push blood
out (knot at the end of the balloon and the blood must get
through that knot in order to push blood into the rest of the
body)
Albumin has a molecular weight of 69,000 - correct answer-
- so it is stuck in the capillaries and there is none in the
interstitial fluid (most abundant and large in size)
Apply knowledge of hemodynamics and fluid balance to explain
the development of edema across a variety of pathologies -
correct answer- 1. Abnormal leakage of fluids from plasma
into interstitial fluid
,2. Failure of lymphatics to return fluid from Interstitium back
into the blood
Apply the relationship between stroke volume and vascular
compliance to describe how pulse pressure changes in
atherosclerosis - correct answer- Atherosclerosis -
increased blood pressure ( less complaint, means more volume
in the same space and increase pulse pressure)
arterial end of capillary - correct answer- higher BP and
higher hydrostatic pressure (pushing fluid out)
Atherosclerosis - correct answer- a disease of the arteries
characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on
their inner walls.
Atrial pressure - correct answer- 0-15 mmHg because the
pressure must be low in order for blood to flow from high to low
meaning from the superior vena cava to the atria
blood - correct answer- 45% RBC
55% plasma - 99% water and 1% plasma proteins
, bounding pulse - correct answer- increase pulse pressure
Briefly describe the role of plasma proteins in maintaining blood
volume, including the relative contribution of albumin to this -
correct answer- -Albumin is made in the liver
-Albumin is only found in the capillaries
-This will have an influence on the capillary colloid osmotic
pressure because it will bring the water molecules from I.F. into
the capillaries/ blood
-Albumin is responsible for 80% of colloid osmotic pressure
Briefly describe the two key factors underlying the Frank-Starling
mechanism - correct answer- -If you increase the amount
of blood in the ventricles the contractile forces are stronger
because more stretch therefore a greater stroke volume
-More EDV= greater length tension relationship= more tension in
heart muscle= contract harder
-More stretch means more energy = action and myosin have an
ideal overlap
-Optimal overlap - length tension relationship
-More we stretch the ventricle out the greater the contractility =
greater tension=SV increases
ANSWERS/ GET IT 100% ACCURATE
(EDEMA CAUSES) Decreased plasma proteins - correct
answer- -Loss of proteins - burns, wounds, nephrosis
-Failure to produce proteins -analbuminemia ("without")
(EDEMA CAUSES) High capillary hydrostatic pressure - correct
answer- -Excess fluid retention in kidneys
-Decreased arteriolar resistance
-Increased venous pressure - heart failure
(EDEMA CAUSES) Increased capillary permeability - correct
answer- -Immune reactions
-Toxins
-Burns
-Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in pregnancy
-prolonged ischemia
-vitamin deficiency (Vitamin C)
,(EDEMA CAUSES)Blockage of lymph return - correct
answer- -Cancer
-Surgery
-Infections
after blood loss pulse pressure - correct answer- 90-60=
30
the pulse is not very prominent= Thready pulse
afterload - correct answer- Amount of resistance the
heart must overcome to open the aorta valve and push blood
out (knot at the end of the balloon and the blood must get
through that knot in order to push blood into the rest of the
body)
Albumin has a molecular weight of 69,000 - correct answer-
- so it is stuck in the capillaries and there is none in the
interstitial fluid (most abundant and large in size)
Apply knowledge of hemodynamics and fluid balance to explain
the development of edema across a variety of pathologies -
correct answer- 1. Abnormal leakage of fluids from plasma
into interstitial fluid
,2. Failure of lymphatics to return fluid from Interstitium back
into the blood
Apply the relationship between stroke volume and vascular
compliance to describe how pulse pressure changes in
atherosclerosis - correct answer- Atherosclerosis -
increased blood pressure ( less complaint, means more volume
in the same space and increase pulse pressure)
arterial end of capillary - correct answer- higher BP and
higher hydrostatic pressure (pushing fluid out)
Atherosclerosis - correct answer- a disease of the arteries
characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on
their inner walls.
Atrial pressure - correct answer- 0-15 mmHg because the
pressure must be low in order for blood to flow from high to low
meaning from the superior vena cava to the atria
blood - correct answer- 45% RBC
55% plasma - 99% water and 1% plasma proteins
, bounding pulse - correct answer- increase pulse pressure
Briefly describe the role of plasma proteins in maintaining blood
volume, including the relative contribution of albumin to this -
correct answer- -Albumin is made in the liver
-Albumin is only found in the capillaries
-This will have an influence on the capillary colloid osmotic
pressure because it will bring the water molecules from I.F. into
the capillaries/ blood
-Albumin is responsible for 80% of colloid osmotic pressure
Briefly describe the two key factors underlying the Frank-Starling
mechanism - correct answer- -If you increase the amount
of blood in the ventricles the contractile forces are stronger
because more stretch therefore a greater stroke volume
-More EDV= greater length tension relationship= more tension in
heart muscle= contract harder
-More stretch means more energy = action and myosin have an
ideal overlap
-Optimal overlap - length tension relationship
-More we stretch the ventricle out the greater the contractility =
greater tension=SV increases
