PCN 107 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
What are archetypes? Define 4 common ones - Answers - Universal patterns that derive
from the collective unconscious
1. Persona- Mask
2. Shadow- Dark side
3. Anima/animus- Female/male
4. Self- How we present ourselves to the world
Analytical Techniques (Dialectical method, dream analysis, use of creative tech,
amplification) - Answers - 1. Meaningful dialogue between client and therapist
2. Reflect unconscious parts of self to ego
3. Use of these outlets can lead to client realizing their inner unconscious voice
4. Adding details to a story
According to Adler, what are the 3 primary tasks of living - Answers - 1. Building
friendships (Social task)
2. Establishing intimacy (Love-marriage task)
3. Contributing to society (Occupational task)
Why is social interest important? - Answers - Gives to the desire to relate to another and
feel belonging
Inferiority and provide examples of primary and secondary - Answers - Feelings of
insecurity
P - Universal and natural (walking)
S- Resulting in psychological struggles (poor parenting)
Why is birth order important? - Answers - Adler cared about it, helps identify typical
behavior
Spitting in the clients soup - Answers - Exposing to clients what they are actually doing,
in order to make these actions distasteful to them
Guided imagery - Answers - Words and music to evoke positive imaginary scenarios in
a subject with a view to bringing about some beneficial effect
Acting "As if" - Answers - Counselors ask clients to take a reflective step back prior to
stepping forward to act "as if"
Catching oneself - Answers - Patients learn to notice that they are performing behaviors
which they wish to change
Task Setting - Answers - Make changes to lifestyle
, Key theorists of existential psychotherapy - Answers - Viktor Frankl, Rollow May, Irvin
Yalom
Introversion vs. Extroversion - Answers - I: Focus on inner psychic activities
E: Concentrate on external objects (focus on the outside world)
Free Association - Answers - Client can talk about anything
Resistance - Answers - Impedes the work of the psychoanalyst
Dream Analysis/ Manifest and Latent Content - Answers - D: Interpretation of dreams
M: Conscious meaning
L: Underlying meaning
Interpretation of Parapraxes - Answers - Things that are real unconscious content
Primary differences between the therapies - Answers - Psychoanalysis:
Psychoanalytical development (Freud)
Analytical: Collective unconscious (Jung)
Individual: Inferiority (Adler)
Strengths and weaknesses of Psychodynamic Theories - Answers - S: Multi-cultural
W: Difficult to research
Introjection - Answers - Result in uncongruence often visible in non-verbal behaviors.
"Swalling whole" values of another
Psychosexual development - Answers - 1. Oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic
4. Latency
5. Genital
What happens when a person becomes fixated at a specific stage? (Psychosexual
development) - Answers - Harder to move on
Oedipus Complex - Answers - Phallic stage; desire to possess mom and kill dad
Structural Model - Answers - Id: Fun, "pleasure principle"
Ego: "Reality principle"
Superego: Responsibilities
Topographic Model - Answers - Conscious: Aware of
Unconscious: Can't be accessed
Preconscious: Available if desired
What are archetypes? Define 4 common ones - Answers - Universal patterns that derive
from the collective unconscious
1. Persona- Mask
2. Shadow- Dark side
3. Anima/animus- Female/male
4. Self- How we present ourselves to the world
Analytical Techniques (Dialectical method, dream analysis, use of creative tech,
amplification) - Answers - 1. Meaningful dialogue between client and therapist
2. Reflect unconscious parts of self to ego
3. Use of these outlets can lead to client realizing their inner unconscious voice
4. Adding details to a story
According to Adler, what are the 3 primary tasks of living - Answers - 1. Building
friendships (Social task)
2. Establishing intimacy (Love-marriage task)
3. Contributing to society (Occupational task)
Why is social interest important? - Answers - Gives to the desire to relate to another and
feel belonging
Inferiority and provide examples of primary and secondary - Answers - Feelings of
insecurity
P - Universal and natural (walking)
S- Resulting in psychological struggles (poor parenting)
Why is birth order important? - Answers - Adler cared about it, helps identify typical
behavior
Spitting in the clients soup - Answers - Exposing to clients what they are actually doing,
in order to make these actions distasteful to them
Guided imagery - Answers - Words and music to evoke positive imaginary scenarios in
a subject with a view to bringing about some beneficial effect
Acting "As if" - Answers - Counselors ask clients to take a reflective step back prior to
stepping forward to act "as if"
Catching oneself - Answers - Patients learn to notice that they are performing behaviors
which they wish to change
Task Setting - Answers - Make changes to lifestyle
, Key theorists of existential psychotherapy - Answers - Viktor Frankl, Rollow May, Irvin
Yalom
Introversion vs. Extroversion - Answers - I: Focus on inner psychic activities
E: Concentrate on external objects (focus on the outside world)
Free Association - Answers - Client can talk about anything
Resistance - Answers - Impedes the work of the psychoanalyst
Dream Analysis/ Manifest and Latent Content - Answers - D: Interpretation of dreams
M: Conscious meaning
L: Underlying meaning
Interpretation of Parapraxes - Answers - Things that are real unconscious content
Primary differences between the therapies - Answers - Psychoanalysis:
Psychoanalytical development (Freud)
Analytical: Collective unconscious (Jung)
Individual: Inferiority (Adler)
Strengths and weaknesses of Psychodynamic Theories - Answers - S: Multi-cultural
W: Difficult to research
Introjection - Answers - Result in uncongruence often visible in non-verbal behaviors.
"Swalling whole" values of another
Psychosexual development - Answers - 1. Oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic
4. Latency
5. Genital
What happens when a person becomes fixated at a specific stage? (Psychosexual
development) - Answers - Harder to move on
Oedipus Complex - Answers - Phallic stage; desire to possess mom and kill dad
Structural Model - Answers - Id: Fun, "pleasure principle"
Ego: "Reality principle"
Superego: Responsibilities
Topographic Model - Answers - Conscious: Aware of
Unconscious: Can't be accessed
Preconscious: Available if desired
