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BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab |
Module 1 Exam Review 200+ Questions and Answers -
Summary | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
BIOL 251: HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I w/LAB
MODULE 1 EXAM REVIEW (200+ Questions)
Verified Answers with Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: ORIENTATION & TERMINOLOGY (Questions 1-30)
1. The femur is ______ to the skin of the thigh.
A. Superficial
B. Deep
C. Proximal
D. Lateral
Correct Answer-: B. Deep.
Rationale: The femur lies beneath layers of muscle and connective tissue, farther from the surface of
the body. "Deep" means away from the body surface, while "superficial" means closer to the surface .
2. Which body plane divides the body into right and left halves?
A. Frontal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Sagittal plane
D. Coronal plane
Correct Answer-: C. Sagittal plane.
Rationale: The midsagittal (sagittal) plane runs vertically, dividing the body into equal right and left
sides. The frontal/coronal plane divides into anterior and posterior sections, while the transverse plane
divides into superior and inferior sections .
3. The heart is located ______ to the lungs.
A. Lateral
B. Superior
,2
C. Medial
D. Posterior
Correct Answer-: C. Medial.
Rationale: The heart lies between the lungs in the mediastinum. "Medial" means toward the midline of
the body. The lungs are lateral to the heart .
4. Which cavity contains the lungs?
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Pleural cavity
C. Pericardial cavity
D. Abdominopelvic cavity
Correct Answer-: B. Pleural cavity.
Rationale: Each lung is surrounded by its own pleural cavity within the thoracic cavity. The pleural cavity
is the potential space between the parietal and visceral pleura .
5. The elbow is ______ to the wrist.
A. Distal
B. Lateral
C. Superior
D. Proximal
Correct Answer-: D. Proximal.
Rationale: The elbow is closer to the point of attachment (the shoulder) than the wrist is. "Proximal"
means closer to the trunk or point of attachment; "distal" means farther away .
6. Which term describes the body in its standard reference position?
A. Supine position
B. Prone position
C. Anatomical position
D. Frontal position
Correct Answer-: C. Anatomical position.
Rationale: The anatomical position is the reference point for all directional terms. It is defined as
standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, palms facing forward, and feet flat on the floor .
7. Which membrane lines the walls of the abdominal cavity?
A. Visceral peritoneum
B. Parietal peritoneum
C. Parietal pleura
D. Visceral pleura
,3
Correct Answer-: B. Parietal peritoneum.
Rationale: The parietal peritoneum lines the walls of the abdominal cavity, while the visceral
peritoneum covers the abdominal organs. The pleura lines the thoracic cavity .
8. A plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts is the ______ plane.
A. Frontal
B. Coronal
C. Sagittal
D. Transverse
Correct Answer-: D. Transverse (horizontal) plane.
Rationale: A horizontal plane divides the body into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) portions. This is
also called the transverse plane .
9. Which directional term means "toward the head"?
A. Inferior
B. Caudal
C. Superior
D. Distal
Correct Answer-: C. Superior (cranial).
Rationale: Superior refers to a position above or closer to the head. Inferior means toward the feet,
caudal means toward the tailbone .
10. Which feedback mechanism reinforces a change until an endpoint is reached (e.g., childbirth)?
A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Homeostatic feedback
D. Neutral feedback
Correct Answer-: B. Positive feedback.
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies the original stimulus—for example, oxytocin release during labor
increases uterine contractions until delivery occurs .
11. The study of body structure is called:
A. Physiology
B. Histology
C. Anatomy
D. Cytology
, 4
Correct Answer-: C. Anatomy.
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of body structure. Physiology is the study of body function. Histology is
the study of tissues, and cytology is the study of cells .
12. The study of body function is called:
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Kinesiology
D. Pathophysiology
Correct Answer-: B. Physiology.
Rationale: Physiology is the study of how body parts function and interact with one another. Structure
and function complement one another .
13. The axillary region refers to the:
A. Armpit
B. Elbow
C. Neck
D. Wrist
Correct Answer-: A. Armpit.
Rationale: The axillary region is the armpit. The cervical region is the neck, the brachial region is the
arm, and the carpal region is the wrist .
14. The antecubital region refers to the:
A. Back of the knee
B. Front of the elbow
C. Forearm
D. Wrist
Correct Answer-: B. Front of the elbow.
Rationale: The antecubital region is the front of the elbow. The popliteal region is the back of the knee .
15. Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?
A. Femur
B. Humerus
C. Skull
D. Radius
Correct Answer-: C. Skull.
Rationale: The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. The appendicular
skeleton includes the upper and lower appendages .
BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab |
Module 1 Exam Review 200+ Questions and Answers -
Summary | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
BIOL 251: HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I w/LAB
MODULE 1 EXAM REVIEW (200+ Questions)
Verified Answers with Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: ORIENTATION & TERMINOLOGY (Questions 1-30)
1. The femur is ______ to the skin of the thigh.
A. Superficial
B. Deep
C. Proximal
D. Lateral
Correct Answer-: B. Deep.
Rationale: The femur lies beneath layers of muscle and connective tissue, farther from the surface of
the body. "Deep" means away from the body surface, while "superficial" means closer to the surface .
2. Which body plane divides the body into right and left halves?
A. Frontal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Sagittal plane
D. Coronal plane
Correct Answer-: C. Sagittal plane.
Rationale: The midsagittal (sagittal) plane runs vertically, dividing the body into equal right and left
sides. The frontal/coronal plane divides into anterior and posterior sections, while the transverse plane
divides into superior and inferior sections .
3. The heart is located ______ to the lungs.
A. Lateral
B. Superior
,2
C. Medial
D. Posterior
Correct Answer-: C. Medial.
Rationale: The heart lies between the lungs in the mediastinum. "Medial" means toward the midline of
the body. The lungs are lateral to the heart .
4. Which cavity contains the lungs?
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Pleural cavity
C. Pericardial cavity
D. Abdominopelvic cavity
Correct Answer-: B. Pleural cavity.
Rationale: Each lung is surrounded by its own pleural cavity within the thoracic cavity. The pleural cavity
is the potential space between the parietal and visceral pleura .
5. The elbow is ______ to the wrist.
A. Distal
B. Lateral
C. Superior
D. Proximal
Correct Answer-: D. Proximal.
Rationale: The elbow is closer to the point of attachment (the shoulder) than the wrist is. "Proximal"
means closer to the trunk or point of attachment; "distal" means farther away .
6. Which term describes the body in its standard reference position?
A. Supine position
B. Prone position
C. Anatomical position
D. Frontal position
Correct Answer-: C. Anatomical position.
Rationale: The anatomical position is the reference point for all directional terms. It is defined as
standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, palms facing forward, and feet flat on the floor .
7. Which membrane lines the walls of the abdominal cavity?
A. Visceral peritoneum
B. Parietal peritoneum
C. Parietal pleura
D. Visceral pleura
,3
Correct Answer-: B. Parietal peritoneum.
Rationale: The parietal peritoneum lines the walls of the abdominal cavity, while the visceral
peritoneum covers the abdominal organs. The pleura lines the thoracic cavity .
8. A plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts is the ______ plane.
A. Frontal
B. Coronal
C. Sagittal
D. Transverse
Correct Answer-: D. Transverse (horizontal) plane.
Rationale: A horizontal plane divides the body into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) portions. This is
also called the transverse plane .
9. Which directional term means "toward the head"?
A. Inferior
B. Caudal
C. Superior
D. Distal
Correct Answer-: C. Superior (cranial).
Rationale: Superior refers to a position above or closer to the head. Inferior means toward the feet,
caudal means toward the tailbone .
10. Which feedback mechanism reinforces a change until an endpoint is reached (e.g., childbirth)?
A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Homeostatic feedback
D. Neutral feedback
Correct Answer-: B. Positive feedback.
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies the original stimulus—for example, oxytocin release during labor
increases uterine contractions until delivery occurs .
11. The study of body structure is called:
A. Physiology
B. Histology
C. Anatomy
D. Cytology
, 4
Correct Answer-: C. Anatomy.
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of body structure. Physiology is the study of body function. Histology is
the study of tissues, and cytology is the study of cells .
12. The study of body function is called:
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Kinesiology
D. Pathophysiology
Correct Answer-: B. Physiology.
Rationale: Physiology is the study of how body parts function and interact with one another. Structure
and function complement one another .
13. The axillary region refers to the:
A. Armpit
B. Elbow
C. Neck
D. Wrist
Correct Answer-: A. Armpit.
Rationale: The axillary region is the armpit. The cervical region is the neck, the brachial region is the
arm, and the carpal region is the wrist .
14. The antecubital region refers to the:
A. Back of the knee
B. Front of the elbow
C. Forearm
D. Wrist
Correct Answer-: B. Front of the elbow.
Rationale: The antecubital region is the front of the elbow. The popliteal region is the back of the knee .
15. Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?
A. Femur
B. Humerus
C. Skull
D. Radius
Correct Answer-: C. Skull.
Rationale: The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. The appendicular
skeleton includes the upper and lower appendages .
