Nevada Medical Laboratory Technician
Certification Exam Practice Questions
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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1. Which anticoagulant is most commonly used for routine hematology
testing such as a complete blood count (CBC)?
A. Sodium citrate
B. Heparin
C. EDTA
D. Potassium oxalate
EDTA is the preferred anticoagulant for hematology testing because it
preserves cellular morphology and prevents platelet aggregation, allowing
accurate counting and evaluation of blood cells.
2. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for oxygen
transport?
A. Platelets
B. Plasma
C. White blood cells
D. Red blood cells
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the
lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.
3. In microbiology, the Gram stain is primarily used to classify bacteria
based on differences in their:
, A. DNA structure
B. Metabolic activity
C. Cell wall composition
D. Motility
The Gram stain differentiates bacteria according to their cell wall
structure, particularly the thickness of the peptidoglycan layer, resulting in
Gram-positive or Gram-negative staining patterns.
4. What is the normal pH range of human blood?
A. 6.5–6.8
B. 6.8–7.0
C. 7.35–7.45
D. 7.50–7.70
Normal blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45. Values
outside this range indicate acidosis or alkalosis and may signal serious
physiological imbalance.
5. Which instrument is commonly used to measure hemoglobin
concentration in the laboratory?
A. Centrifuge
B. Spectrophotometer
C. Microscope
D. Autoclave
Spectrophotometers measure the absorbance of light at specific
wavelengths, allowing accurate determination of hemoglobin
concentration in blood samples.
6. Which type of white blood cell is most abundant in peripheral blood?
A. Basophils
B. Monocytes
C. Eosinophils
D. Neutrophils
, Neutrophils typically comprise 50–70% of circulating white blood cells and
play a critical role in the body’s first-line defense against bacterial
infections.
7. In urinalysis, the presence of glucose in urine is called:
A. Hematuria
B. Proteinuria
C. Glycosuria
D. Ketonuria
Glycosuria refers to glucose in urine, often associated with uncontrolled
diabetes mellitus or impaired renal glucose reabsorption.
8. What laboratory test is primarily used to evaluate long-term glucose
control in diabetic patients?
A. Fasting plasma glucose
B. Oral glucose tolerance test
C. Random glucose
D. Hemoglobin A1c
Hemoglobin A1c reflects the average blood glucose concentration over
approximately the previous 2–3 months because glucose binds to
hemoglobin within red blood cells.
9. Which anticoagulant is used for coagulation studies such as PT and
aPTT?
A. EDTA
B. Heparin
C. Sodium citrate
D. Potassium oxalate
Sodium citrate binds calcium reversibly, preventing clotting while allowing
accurate measurement of coagulation factors during testing.
10. What is the primary purpose of quality control in the clinical
laboratory?
A. Increase testing speed
Certification Exam Practice Questions
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which anticoagulant is most commonly used for routine hematology
testing such as a complete blood count (CBC)?
A. Sodium citrate
B. Heparin
C. EDTA
D. Potassium oxalate
EDTA is the preferred anticoagulant for hematology testing because it
preserves cellular morphology and prevents platelet aggregation, allowing
accurate counting and evaluation of blood cells.
2. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for oxygen
transport?
A. Platelets
B. Plasma
C. White blood cells
D. Red blood cells
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the
lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.
3. In microbiology, the Gram stain is primarily used to classify bacteria
based on differences in their:
, A. DNA structure
B. Metabolic activity
C. Cell wall composition
D. Motility
The Gram stain differentiates bacteria according to their cell wall
structure, particularly the thickness of the peptidoglycan layer, resulting in
Gram-positive or Gram-negative staining patterns.
4. What is the normal pH range of human blood?
A. 6.5–6.8
B. 6.8–7.0
C. 7.35–7.45
D. 7.50–7.70
Normal blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45. Values
outside this range indicate acidosis or alkalosis and may signal serious
physiological imbalance.
5. Which instrument is commonly used to measure hemoglobin
concentration in the laboratory?
A. Centrifuge
B. Spectrophotometer
C. Microscope
D. Autoclave
Spectrophotometers measure the absorbance of light at specific
wavelengths, allowing accurate determination of hemoglobin
concentration in blood samples.
6. Which type of white blood cell is most abundant in peripheral blood?
A. Basophils
B. Monocytes
C. Eosinophils
D. Neutrophils
, Neutrophils typically comprise 50–70% of circulating white blood cells and
play a critical role in the body’s first-line defense against bacterial
infections.
7. In urinalysis, the presence of glucose in urine is called:
A. Hematuria
B. Proteinuria
C. Glycosuria
D. Ketonuria
Glycosuria refers to glucose in urine, often associated with uncontrolled
diabetes mellitus or impaired renal glucose reabsorption.
8. What laboratory test is primarily used to evaluate long-term glucose
control in diabetic patients?
A. Fasting plasma glucose
B. Oral glucose tolerance test
C. Random glucose
D. Hemoglobin A1c
Hemoglobin A1c reflects the average blood glucose concentration over
approximately the previous 2–3 months because glucose binds to
hemoglobin within red blood cells.
9. Which anticoagulant is used for coagulation studies such as PT and
aPTT?
A. EDTA
B. Heparin
C. Sodium citrate
D. Potassium oxalate
Sodium citrate binds calcium reversibly, preventing clotting while allowing
accurate measurement of coagulation factors during testing.
10. What is the primary purpose of quality control in the clinical
laboratory?
A. Increase testing speed
