D278 EXAMPREP OA STUDY GUIDE 2026
TESTED ACCURATE CONTENT
◉ What is a variable? Answer: refers to data that programs use. A
variables value changes or is "varying" as a program assigns a
variable with new values.
◉ What is the equation for a triangles area? Answer: base x height
divided by 2
base x height / 2
◉ How do you find the average of a set of numbers? Answer: The
sum of the numbers divided by the total number of values in the set.
For example, suppose we want the average of 24 , 55 , 17 , 87 and
100 . Simply find the sum of the numbers: 24 + 55 + 17 + 87 + 100 =
283 and divide by 5 to get 56.6
◉ What is computational thinking? Answer: creating a sequence of
instructions to solve a problem
,◉ What is an algorithm? Answer: A sequence of instructions that
solves a problem
◉ What is a flowchart? Answer: a graphical language for creating
computer programs
◉ What is a program? Answer: A list of statements, each statement
carrying out some action and executing one at a time
◉ What is a tool that runs a programs statements? Answer:
Interpreter
◉ What is a specific action in a program? Answer: a statement
◉ What shape is used for an input and output statement?
(zyflowcharts) Answer: parallelogram
◉ What represents a new line? Answer: \n
◉ What is a comment? Answer: text a programmer adds to a
program, to be read by humans to better understand the code, but
ignored by the program when executing.
Comments begin with //
,◉ What should not include whitespace? Answer: variable names and
digits of a number
◉ When did the industrial age start? Answer: late 1700's
◉ When did the information age start? Answer: 1990's
◉ What is an embedded computer? Answer: text a programmer
adds to a program, to be read by humans to better understand the
code, but ignored by the program when executing.
◉ What is a character? Answer: s a letter (a, b, ..., z, A, B, ..., Z),
symbol (!, @, #, ...), or single-digit number (0, 1, ..., 9)
◉ What does ASCII stand for? and when was it developed? Answer:
developed in 1963
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
◉ How many bits per code does ASCII use? Answer: 7 and has codes
for 128 characters
, ◉ Unicode Answer: published in 1991 whose codes can have more
bits than ASCII and thus can represent over 100,000 items, such as
symbols and non-English characters.
◉ What is Pseudocode? Answer: text that resembles a program in a
real programming language but is simplified to aid human
understanding.
◉ What is an assignment statement? Answer: Assigns a variable
with a value, such as x=5. That statement means x is assigned with 5,
and x keeps that value during subsequent statements, until x is
assigned again.
◉ What is a variable declaration? Answer: declares a new variable,
specifying the variables name and type.
example: variable type of integer holds whole number values.
userAge = 23
Integer values are automatically initialized with 0 until a value is
assigned
◉ What is an identifier? Answer: A name created by a programmer
for an item like a variable or function
TESTED ACCURATE CONTENT
◉ What is a variable? Answer: refers to data that programs use. A
variables value changes or is "varying" as a program assigns a
variable with new values.
◉ What is the equation for a triangles area? Answer: base x height
divided by 2
base x height / 2
◉ How do you find the average of a set of numbers? Answer: The
sum of the numbers divided by the total number of values in the set.
For example, suppose we want the average of 24 , 55 , 17 , 87 and
100 . Simply find the sum of the numbers: 24 + 55 + 17 + 87 + 100 =
283 and divide by 5 to get 56.6
◉ What is computational thinking? Answer: creating a sequence of
instructions to solve a problem
,◉ What is an algorithm? Answer: A sequence of instructions that
solves a problem
◉ What is a flowchart? Answer: a graphical language for creating
computer programs
◉ What is a program? Answer: A list of statements, each statement
carrying out some action and executing one at a time
◉ What is a tool that runs a programs statements? Answer:
Interpreter
◉ What is a specific action in a program? Answer: a statement
◉ What shape is used for an input and output statement?
(zyflowcharts) Answer: parallelogram
◉ What represents a new line? Answer: \n
◉ What is a comment? Answer: text a programmer adds to a
program, to be read by humans to better understand the code, but
ignored by the program when executing.
Comments begin with //
,◉ What should not include whitespace? Answer: variable names and
digits of a number
◉ When did the industrial age start? Answer: late 1700's
◉ When did the information age start? Answer: 1990's
◉ What is an embedded computer? Answer: text a programmer
adds to a program, to be read by humans to better understand the
code, but ignored by the program when executing.
◉ What is a character? Answer: s a letter (a, b, ..., z, A, B, ..., Z),
symbol (!, @, #, ...), or single-digit number (0, 1, ..., 9)
◉ What does ASCII stand for? and when was it developed? Answer:
developed in 1963
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
◉ How many bits per code does ASCII use? Answer: 7 and has codes
for 128 characters
, ◉ Unicode Answer: published in 1991 whose codes can have more
bits than ASCII and thus can represent over 100,000 items, such as
symbols and non-English characters.
◉ What is Pseudocode? Answer: text that resembles a program in a
real programming language but is simplified to aid human
understanding.
◉ What is an assignment statement? Answer: Assigns a variable
with a value, such as x=5. That statement means x is assigned with 5,
and x keeps that value during subsequent statements, until x is
assigned again.
◉ What is a variable declaration? Answer: declares a new variable,
specifying the variables name and type.
example: variable type of integer holds whole number values.
userAge = 23
Integer values are automatically initialized with 0 until a value is
assigned
◉ What is an identifier? Answer: A name created by a programmer
for an item like a variable or function
