Challenge B Introductory Logic Study Guide with Practice Questions Page 1 2026-03-18
Challenge B Introductory
Logic Study Guide with
Practice Questions
Guidehttps://www.stuvia.com/dashboard!@_)#*)(@$)($@*($@)($@*_ 1
Page 1 of 31 Challenge B Introductory Logic Study Guide with Practice Questions.pdf
,Challenge B Introductory Logic Page 2 2026-03-18
Hide definitions
Logic
The science and art of reasoning well
The Law of Excluded Middle
The law that states that every statement is either true or false
The Law of identity
The law that states that if a statement is true then it is true
The Law of Noncontradiction
The law that states that a statement cannot be both true and false
formal logic
deals directly with reasoning, by considering the means of distinguishing between proper and improper modes of
reasoning
Page 2 of 31 2 Challenge B Introductory Logic.pdf
,Challenge B Introductory Logic Page 3 2026-03-18
informal logic
deals with operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning such as defining terms, relating terms,
determining relationships between sentences
induction
arguments of likelihood and probability By induction we draw conclusions from facts or experience
deduction
arguments of valid or invalid
categorical logic
deals with syllogisms which are a type of deductive argument in which the conclusion connects one category with
another
propositional logic
connects entire propositions together in arguments
Page 3 of 31 3 Challenge B Introductory Logic.pdf
, Challenge B Introductory Logic Page 4 2026-03-18
term
a concept expressed precisely in words
definition
a statement that gives a meaning to a term
relationship
when a term is defined properly the definition gives us some idea of the relationships which the term has with other
terms
ambiguous
when a word has more than one possible meaning
lexical definition
a definition that you might find in a dictionary
Page 4 of 31 4 Challenge B Introductory Logic.pdf
Challenge B Introductory
Logic Study Guide with
Practice Questions
Guidehttps://www.stuvia.com/dashboard!@_)#*)(@$)($@*($@)($@*_ 1
Page 1 of 31 Challenge B Introductory Logic Study Guide with Practice Questions.pdf
,Challenge B Introductory Logic Page 2 2026-03-18
Hide definitions
Logic
The science and art of reasoning well
The Law of Excluded Middle
The law that states that every statement is either true or false
The Law of identity
The law that states that if a statement is true then it is true
The Law of Noncontradiction
The law that states that a statement cannot be both true and false
formal logic
deals directly with reasoning, by considering the means of distinguishing between proper and improper modes of
reasoning
Page 2 of 31 2 Challenge B Introductory Logic.pdf
,Challenge B Introductory Logic Page 3 2026-03-18
informal logic
deals with operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning such as defining terms, relating terms,
determining relationships between sentences
induction
arguments of likelihood and probability By induction we draw conclusions from facts or experience
deduction
arguments of valid or invalid
categorical logic
deals with syllogisms which are a type of deductive argument in which the conclusion connects one category with
another
propositional logic
connects entire propositions together in arguments
Page 3 of 31 3 Challenge B Introductory Logic.pdf
, Challenge B Introductory Logic Page 4 2026-03-18
term
a concept expressed precisely in words
definition
a statement that gives a meaning to a term
relationship
when a term is defined properly the definition gives us some idea of the relationships which the term has with other
terms
ambiguous
when a word has more than one possible meaning
lexical definition
a definition that you might find in a dictionary
Page 4 of 31 4 Challenge B Introductory Logic.pdf
