Nurs 221 Final Exam – Practice Questions & A+
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Terms in this set (296)
What is classic angina also known as? - Stable
- Exertional angina
What is classic (stable)/exertional Coronary arteriosclerosis
angina usually associated with?
What can classic (stable)/exertional Cold, exertion, or stress
angina be precipitated by?
How long does pain last with classic ∼15 minutes and disappears with rest and/or nitrates
(stable)/exertional angina?
What is unstable angina also known Crescendo or Pre-infarction
as?
What is unstable angina considered? Progressive angina
Regarding unstable angina, what is the Pain is more frequent and severe
frequency of pain?
Regarding unstable angina, when may During rest, with less relief found with nitrate usage
the attack occur?
What is variant angina also known as? Prinzmetals' or Vasospastic
Regarding variant angina, what is the Probable spasms of the coronary arteries and usually
pain associated with? occurs in the presence of coronary stenosis
,When does variant angina often At rest
occur?
What does variant angina often A pattern (occurring at night, etc.)
follow?
Regarding variant angina, what often Dysrhythmias
accompanies the attack (ST segment
elevation)?
What are the four E's associated with - Exercise
classic angina that can set off a chest - Eating (sometimes certain foods may set off an
pain attack? attack)
- Emotional stress
- Exposure to cold
Regarding EKG rhythms, when might When somebody begins to have angina or chest pain
the ST line become depressed? or is precipitating a heart attack
Regarding EKG rhythms, when might When somebody is having a full MI
the ST line become elevated?
Regarding angina pectoris, what are Nitric oxide
nitrates converted to in the body?
What do nitrates do? - These agents produce peripheral vasodilation
- Profusely and quickly dilate across the entire body
How do nitrates produce peripheral By relaxing smooth muscle in the blood vessel walls
vasodilation?
What are the two different things that Some act primarily on veins or arterioles and others
nitrates act on? dilate both types of vessels
What are the main conditions treated - Angina pectoris
by nitrates? - Peripheral vascular disease
,Regarding angina pectoris, what is Vasospasm
causing the pain?
What do nitrates do for the heart? - Opens up the vessels
- Improves oxygenation to the heart
- Relieves the workload on the heart
What is the most common medication Nitroglycerin
in the nitrates class?
What are nitrate medications sensitive Light (kept in amber colored vials for protection)
to?
How may nitrate medications be Prophylactically or acutely
used?
In order to take nitrate medications A prescription
prophylactically, what must you have?
Why might someone take nitrates If you have a history of angina that's chronic
prophylactically?
How do most people take nitrates? As needed, when they have that chest pain
How are nitrates usually administered? SL
What are the considerations for - One tablet or spray q5" X 3 then seek medical help
administering nitrates SL? - Do not chew or swallow tablet whole; let it dissolve
- If no relief with three doses, you must call 911
What are the common side effects of - HA
nitrates? - Dizziness
- Hypotension (which can be fatal)
For long-term usage, how may nitrates Applied with a transdermal patch
be administered?
, What are the considerations for - Rotate sites, "nitrate free" period q8-12 hours
administering nitrates with a - High risk for rebound vasoconstriction without
transdermal patch? rotation
- Dosage is measured in inches of paste
- Wear gloves when administering
When administering nitrates on a If you don't get breaks in treatment, you can have a
transdermal patch for long-term paradoxical effect of reverse vasoconstriction
usage, why is the "nitrate free" period
important?
When administering nitrates, who must - Head injury
you use caution with? - Conjunctive use with B-blockers
- Renal impairment
Why must you use caution when Too much blood going to the head
administering nitrates to a patient with
a head injury?
Why must you use caution when Beta blockers slow your heart rate down and
administering nitrates to a patient with increase contractility, so adding vasodilation on top
conjunctive use with B-blockers? of that doesn't allow the heart enough force to pump
blood
Why must you use caution when - Not able to flush out toxins like they should
administering nitrates to a patient with - Might have a problem with excretion
renal impairment?
Regarding nitrate administration, what - Take with first sign of chest pain
should you teach the patient? - Avoid erectile dysfunction medications (too much
vasodilation)
- Orthostatic hypotension may occur
- If there is no relief after three doses with 5 minutes
in between, call 911
Besides nitrates, what other - Supplemental oxygen
medication treatments can be used - Calcium-channel blockers
for angina pectoris? - Morphine sulfate
- Aspirin or other anti-platelet meds
Answers | Complete Study Guide With Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (296)
What is classic angina also known as? - Stable
- Exertional angina
What is classic (stable)/exertional Coronary arteriosclerosis
angina usually associated with?
What can classic (stable)/exertional Cold, exertion, or stress
angina be precipitated by?
How long does pain last with classic ∼15 minutes and disappears with rest and/or nitrates
(stable)/exertional angina?
What is unstable angina also known Crescendo or Pre-infarction
as?
What is unstable angina considered? Progressive angina
Regarding unstable angina, what is the Pain is more frequent and severe
frequency of pain?
Regarding unstable angina, when may During rest, with less relief found with nitrate usage
the attack occur?
What is variant angina also known as? Prinzmetals' or Vasospastic
Regarding variant angina, what is the Probable spasms of the coronary arteries and usually
pain associated with? occurs in the presence of coronary stenosis
,When does variant angina often At rest
occur?
What does variant angina often A pattern (occurring at night, etc.)
follow?
Regarding variant angina, what often Dysrhythmias
accompanies the attack (ST segment
elevation)?
What are the four E's associated with - Exercise
classic angina that can set off a chest - Eating (sometimes certain foods may set off an
pain attack? attack)
- Emotional stress
- Exposure to cold
Regarding EKG rhythms, when might When somebody begins to have angina or chest pain
the ST line become depressed? or is precipitating a heart attack
Regarding EKG rhythms, when might When somebody is having a full MI
the ST line become elevated?
Regarding angina pectoris, what are Nitric oxide
nitrates converted to in the body?
What do nitrates do? - These agents produce peripheral vasodilation
- Profusely and quickly dilate across the entire body
How do nitrates produce peripheral By relaxing smooth muscle in the blood vessel walls
vasodilation?
What are the two different things that Some act primarily on veins or arterioles and others
nitrates act on? dilate both types of vessels
What are the main conditions treated - Angina pectoris
by nitrates? - Peripheral vascular disease
,Regarding angina pectoris, what is Vasospasm
causing the pain?
What do nitrates do for the heart? - Opens up the vessels
- Improves oxygenation to the heart
- Relieves the workload on the heart
What is the most common medication Nitroglycerin
in the nitrates class?
What are nitrate medications sensitive Light (kept in amber colored vials for protection)
to?
How may nitrate medications be Prophylactically or acutely
used?
In order to take nitrate medications A prescription
prophylactically, what must you have?
Why might someone take nitrates If you have a history of angina that's chronic
prophylactically?
How do most people take nitrates? As needed, when they have that chest pain
How are nitrates usually administered? SL
What are the considerations for - One tablet or spray q5" X 3 then seek medical help
administering nitrates SL? - Do not chew or swallow tablet whole; let it dissolve
- If no relief with three doses, you must call 911
What are the common side effects of - HA
nitrates? - Dizziness
- Hypotension (which can be fatal)
For long-term usage, how may nitrates Applied with a transdermal patch
be administered?
, What are the considerations for - Rotate sites, "nitrate free" period q8-12 hours
administering nitrates with a - High risk for rebound vasoconstriction without
transdermal patch? rotation
- Dosage is measured in inches of paste
- Wear gloves when administering
When administering nitrates on a If you don't get breaks in treatment, you can have a
transdermal patch for long-term paradoxical effect of reverse vasoconstriction
usage, why is the "nitrate free" period
important?
When administering nitrates, who must - Head injury
you use caution with? - Conjunctive use with B-blockers
- Renal impairment
Why must you use caution when Too much blood going to the head
administering nitrates to a patient with
a head injury?
Why must you use caution when Beta blockers slow your heart rate down and
administering nitrates to a patient with increase contractility, so adding vasodilation on top
conjunctive use with B-blockers? of that doesn't allow the heart enough force to pump
blood
Why must you use caution when - Not able to flush out toxins like they should
administering nitrates to a patient with - Might have a problem with excretion
renal impairment?
Regarding nitrate administration, what - Take with first sign of chest pain
should you teach the patient? - Avoid erectile dysfunction medications (too much
vasodilation)
- Orthostatic hypotension may occur
- If there is no relief after three doses with 5 minutes
in between, call 911
Besides nitrates, what other - Supplemental oxygen
medication treatments can be used - Calcium-channel blockers
for angina pectoris? - Morphine sulfate
- Aspirin or other anti-platelet meds
