Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam Questions And Answers With Verified
Solutions 2025
List the guiding principles of community counseling - ✔✔Holistic wellness model;
Developmental perspective
prevention & early intervention; Considers effects of community/environment; Empowers
through advocacy/education
Name the counseling founding fathers, their city, & their major contribution - ✔✔Frank
Parsons, Boston-Put "vocational counselors" in schools; Jesse Davis, Grand Rapids, Michigan-
Developed systematized guidance program in schools; Clifford Beers-Advocated for mental
health reform
In what cities were the first counselors "certified"? - ✔✔Boston & New York
Who published the book Counseling & Psychotherapy in 1940s and why is it significant? -
✔✔Carl Rogers, his theory was client-focused, introduced the non-judgmental, accepting role
of the counselor & placed importance on counseling relationship
What does CACREP stand for and when was it founded? - ✔✔Council for Accreditation of
Counseling and Related Educational Programs, 1981
What does APGA stand for, when was it founded and what other evolutions did it go through? -
✔✔American Personnel and Guidance--Association, later known as American Association for
Counseling and Development (AACD) & finally, American Counseling Association (ACA)
What state was first to require licensure for counselors? When? What were the next two states
to mandate licensing requirments? - ✔✔Virginia, 1976, Arkansas and Alabama
Describe the development of counseling theories giving the key names and principles
associated with each treatment perspective. - ✔✔Psychoanalysis and insight theories (Freud);
, Trait-factor or directive theories (Williamson); Humanistic & client-centered (Rogers);
Behavioral theories (Skinner); Cognitive theories (Ellis)
When was the first sound code of ethics published by the APGA? - ✔✔1961
What does NBCC stand for and when was it founded? What is this organization responsible for
creating? - ✔✔National Board for Certified Counselors, 1982--National certification of counslors
through the national counseling exam (NCE) & defined 8 major subject areas of study
Name the 8 major subject areas of study in counseling as defined by NBCC - ✔✔Human growth
and development; Social and cultural foundations; Helping relationships; Groups; Lifestyles and
career development; Appraisal; Research and evaluation; Professional orientation
Describe the main therapeutic professions & provide distinguishing characteristics of each -
✔✔Psychiatrists-MD & specialty, national & state exams for licensure, American Psychiatric
Association (APA), major psycho disorders, prescribe meds; Psychologists--PHD, EdD, PsyD to
practice, licensed in 50 states, American Psychological Association (APA)
focus psychological assessment; Social Workers-BS, MS and Ph.D, licensure in 50 states,
National Association of Social Workers (NASW), help negotiating social systems, advocating for
change; Professional counselors--MS or Ph.D, licensed in 49 states & DC (except CA), American
Counseling Association (ACA), focus on preventative, developmental, holistic wellness approach
that includes environment of client, non-medical approach
Describe the assumptions of community counseling - ✔✔Environments nuture and limit;
Facilitate individual & community empowerment; Multifaceted approach; Multicultural nature
is essential; Prevention more effective than remediation
What is the bioecological model? List 5 main systems. - ✔✔Approach believes people grow &
change through multiple interacting systems:
Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem, Chronosystem
Solutions 2025
List the guiding principles of community counseling - ✔✔Holistic wellness model;
Developmental perspective
prevention & early intervention; Considers effects of community/environment; Empowers
through advocacy/education
Name the counseling founding fathers, their city, & their major contribution - ✔✔Frank
Parsons, Boston-Put "vocational counselors" in schools; Jesse Davis, Grand Rapids, Michigan-
Developed systematized guidance program in schools; Clifford Beers-Advocated for mental
health reform
In what cities were the first counselors "certified"? - ✔✔Boston & New York
Who published the book Counseling & Psychotherapy in 1940s and why is it significant? -
✔✔Carl Rogers, his theory was client-focused, introduced the non-judgmental, accepting role
of the counselor & placed importance on counseling relationship
What does CACREP stand for and when was it founded? - ✔✔Council for Accreditation of
Counseling and Related Educational Programs, 1981
What does APGA stand for, when was it founded and what other evolutions did it go through? -
✔✔American Personnel and Guidance--Association, later known as American Association for
Counseling and Development (AACD) & finally, American Counseling Association (ACA)
What state was first to require licensure for counselors? When? What were the next two states
to mandate licensing requirments? - ✔✔Virginia, 1976, Arkansas and Alabama
Describe the development of counseling theories giving the key names and principles
associated with each treatment perspective. - ✔✔Psychoanalysis and insight theories (Freud);
, Trait-factor or directive theories (Williamson); Humanistic & client-centered (Rogers);
Behavioral theories (Skinner); Cognitive theories (Ellis)
When was the first sound code of ethics published by the APGA? - ✔✔1961
What does NBCC stand for and when was it founded? What is this organization responsible for
creating? - ✔✔National Board for Certified Counselors, 1982--National certification of counslors
through the national counseling exam (NCE) & defined 8 major subject areas of study
Name the 8 major subject areas of study in counseling as defined by NBCC - ✔✔Human growth
and development; Social and cultural foundations; Helping relationships; Groups; Lifestyles and
career development; Appraisal; Research and evaluation; Professional orientation
Describe the main therapeutic professions & provide distinguishing characteristics of each -
✔✔Psychiatrists-MD & specialty, national & state exams for licensure, American Psychiatric
Association (APA), major psycho disorders, prescribe meds; Psychologists--PHD, EdD, PsyD to
practice, licensed in 50 states, American Psychological Association (APA)
focus psychological assessment; Social Workers-BS, MS and Ph.D, licensure in 50 states,
National Association of Social Workers (NASW), help negotiating social systems, advocating for
change; Professional counselors--MS or Ph.D, licensed in 49 states & DC (except CA), American
Counseling Association (ACA), focus on preventative, developmental, holistic wellness approach
that includes environment of client, non-medical approach
Describe the assumptions of community counseling - ✔✔Environments nuture and limit;
Facilitate individual & community empowerment; Multifaceted approach; Multicultural nature
is essential; Prevention more effective than remediation
What is the bioecological model? List 5 main systems. - ✔✔Approach believes people grow &
change through multiple interacting systems:
Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem, Chronosystem
