NR 324 ADULT HEALTH EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026 EDITION
What is stroke volume - ANS Amount of blood ejected with each heart beat
What is cardiac output - ANS Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute
Normal 4-8 L/min
Cardiac index - ANS CO divided by body surface area
Normal 2.8-4.2 L/min/m2
What regulates the cardiovascular ssytem - ANS Autonomic nervous system, Baroreceptors,
chemoreceptors
What are the Gerontological Consideration - ANS Risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD)
increases with age.
CVD leading cause of death in adults > 85
What are some age related changes - ANS Increased collagen, decreased elastin
Decreased response to stress
Heart valves become thick and stiff.
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Number of pacemaker cells decrease.
Decreased number and function of β-adrenergic receptors
Blood vessels thicken and less elastic
Increase in SBP and decrease or no change in DBP
Incompetent venous valves
Orthostatic hypotension
Postprandial hypotension
What are some subjective data for cardiovascular system - ANS History of present illness
Past health history
Past and current medications
Surgery or other treatments
What are some objective data for cardiovascular system - ANS Vital signs
Peripheral vascular system
Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
When taking orthrostatic BP you should never - ANS have a difference of > 20 mm Example (
laying 120/80, sitting 160/100 )
What is BMP - ANS ( B-type natriuretic peptide) will be increased in there is heart failure
What are the cholesterol level - ANS Total cholesterol <200
LDL- (bad) <130
HDL-( happy ) >40
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, What are the nursing responsibility for cardiac cath - ANS check site, lay flat, log roll, check
pulses, Bed rest for 2 hours
How much sodium should a cardio patient get in 24 hours - ANS 2300 grams
What are the cardiac biomarkers ( troponin) - ANS Troponin T (cTnT)
Troponin I (cTnI)
Rises within 4-6 hours, peaks 10-24 hours, detected for up to 10-14 days
What are the cardiac biomarkers ( creatine kinase ( CK) - ANS Three isoenzymes
CK-MB cardiac specific
Rises in 3-6 hours, peaks in 12-24 hours, returns to baseline within 12-48 hours
Cardiac catheterization - ANS Right-sided to measure pressures
Left-sided to evaluate coronary arteries
How do the Baroreceptors Factors Influencing BP - ANS Sensitive to stretching
Send impulses to sympathetic vasomotor center
Blood pressure (BP) - ANS the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood
vessel, is primarily a function of cardiac output (CO) and systemic vascular resistance.
What is the Systolic BP - ANS the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood
vessel
What is the Diastolic BP - ANS pressure in the arterial system during ventricular filling
What is a normal BP - ANS <120 /<80
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026 EDITION
What is stroke volume - ANS Amount of blood ejected with each heart beat
What is cardiac output - ANS Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute
Normal 4-8 L/min
Cardiac index - ANS CO divided by body surface area
Normal 2.8-4.2 L/min/m2
What regulates the cardiovascular ssytem - ANS Autonomic nervous system, Baroreceptors,
chemoreceptors
What are the Gerontological Consideration - ANS Risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD)
increases with age.
CVD leading cause of death in adults > 85
What are some age related changes - ANS Increased collagen, decreased elastin
Decreased response to stress
Heart valves become thick and stiff.
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Number of pacemaker cells decrease.
Decreased number and function of β-adrenergic receptors
Blood vessels thicken and less elastic
Increase in SBP and decrease or no change in DBP
Incompetent venous valves
Orthostatic hypotension
Postprandial hypotension
What are some subjective data for cardiovascular system - ANS History of present illness
Past health history
Past and current medications
Surgery or other treatments
What are some objective data for cardiovascular system - ANS Vital signs
Peripheral vascular system
Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
When taking orthrostatic BP you should never - ANS have a difference of > 20 mm Example (
laying 120/80, sitting 160/100 )
What is BMP - ANS ( B-type natriuretic peptide) will be increased in there is heart failure
What are the cholesterol level - ANS Total cholesterol <200
LDL- (bad) <130
HDL-( happy ) >40
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What are the nursing responsibility for cardiac cath - ANS check site, lay flat, log roll, check
pulses, Bed rest for 2 hours
How much sodium should a cardio patient get in 24 hours - ANS 2300 grams
What are the cardiac biomarkers ( troponin) - ANS Troponin T (cTnT)
Troponin I (cTnI)
Rises within 4-6 hours, peaks 10-24 hours, detected for up to 10-14 days
What are the cardiac biomarkers ( creatine kinase ( CK) - ANS Three isoenzymes
CK-MB cardiac specific
Rises in 3-6 hours, peaks in 12-24 hours, returns to baseline within 12-48 hours
Cardiac catheterization - ANS Right-sided to measure pressures
Left-sided to evaluate coronary arteries
How do the Baroreceptors Factors Influencing BP - ANS Sensitive to stretching
Send impulses to sympathetic vasomotor center
Blood pressure (BP) - ANS the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood
vessel, is primarily a function of cardiac output (CO) and systemic vascular resistance.
What is the Systolic BP - ANS the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood
vessel
What is the Diastolic BP - ANS pressure in the arterial system during ventricular filling
What is a normal BP - ANS <120 /<80
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
