I/O Psychology Exam 2 with Accurate
Solutions
industrial organizational psychology - ANSWER-the application of psychological
principles and theories to the workplace.
scientist/practitioner model - ANSWER-an approach used to train I/O psychologist
maintaining that because I/O psychologists are both generators and consumers of
knowledge training must be focused on both theory and application.
competencies - ANSWER-the skills, behaviors and capabilities that allow employees to
perform specific functions.
dissertation - ANSWER-a unique piece of scholarly research that is usually the last
hurdle before obtaining a PhD.
Army Alpha and Army Beta - ANSWER-mental ability tests developed by I/O
psychologists during WWI that were used to select and classify army classify army
personnel.
science - ANSWER-a process or method for generating a body of knowledge
central tendency - ANSWER-the tendency to use only the midpoint of the scale in rating
one's employees.
severity - ANSWER-the tendency to use only the low end of the scale or to give
consistently lower ratings to one's employees than other raters do.
rater error training (RET) - ANSWER-a type of training originally developed to reduce
rater errors by focusing on describing errors like halo to raters and showing them how to
avoid making such errors
frame of reference (FOR) training - ANSWER-a type of training designed to enhance
raters' observational and categorization skills so that all raters share common frame of
reference and improve rater accuracy.
context - ANSWER-the social psychological climate in which performance appraisal
takes place.
Feedback environment (FE) - ANSWER-the contextual aspects of the day-to-day
supervisor-subordinate and coworker-coworker feedback process.
, feedback orientation(FO) - ANSWER-an individual's overall receptivity to feedback.
test - ANSWER-a systematic procedure for observing behavior and describing with the
aid of numerical scale or fixed categories.
computer adaptive testing - ANSWER-the process through which computer technology
is used to identify easier and harder questions applicants that eventually their true ability
level.
speed test - ANSWER-a test containing relatively easy items with a short time limit in
which individuals must complete as many items as they can.
power test - ANSWER-a test with no fixed time limits and relatively difficult items
individual test - ANSWER-test that are administered to one person at a time.
group test - ANSWER-test in which many applicants can be tested at one time
paper-and-pencil tests - ANSWER-frequently used tests in which individuals respond to
questions in test booklet or mark answers on computer sheets to be scanned
performance tests - ANSWER-tests that require that manipulation of object or a piece of
equipment
validity coefficient (r) - ANSWER-a correlation that serves as an index of the relationship
between a predictor and criterion used by selection researchers and practitioners as
evidence that a particular test is valid predictor of performance criterion.
mechanical ability - ANSWER-a specific cognitive ability involving a focus on
mechanical relations, recognition of tools used for various purposes and sometimes
actual mechanical skills.
theory - ANSWER-a set of interrelated constructs (concept) definitions and propositions
that present a systematic view of a phenomenon by specifying relations among variable
with the purpose of explaining and predicting the phenomenon.
induction - ANSWER-an approach to science that consists of working from data to
theory.
deduction - ANSWER-an approach to science in which we start with theory and
propositions and then collecting data to test those propositions working from theory to
data.
causal inference - ANSWER-a conclusion drawn form research data about
Solutions
industrial organizational psychology - ANSWER-the application of psychological
principles and theories to the workplace.
scientist/practitioner model - ANSWER-an approach used to train I/O psychologist
maintaining that because I/O psychologists are both generators and consumers of
knowledge training must be focused on both theory and application.
competencies - ANSWER-the skills, behaviors and capabilities that allow employees to
perform specific functions.
dissertation - ANSWER-a unique piece of scholarly research that is usually the last
hurdle before obtaining a PhD.
Army Alpha and Army Beta - ANSWER-mental ability tests developed by I/O
psychologists during WWI that were used to select and classify army classify army
personnel.
science - ANSWER-a process or method for generating a body of knowledge
central tendency - ANSWER-the tendency to use only the midpoint of the scale in rating
one's employees.
severity - ANSWER-the tendency to use only the low end of the scale or to give
consistently lower ratings to one's employees than other raters do.
rater error training (RET) - ANSWER-a type of training originally developed to reduce
rater errors by focusing on describing errors like halo to raters and showing them how to
avoid making such errors
frame of reference (FOR) training - ANSWER-a type of training designed to enhance
raters' observational and categorization skills so that all raters share common frame of
reference and improve rater accuracy.
context - ANSWER-the social psychological climate in which performance appraisal
takes place.
Feedback environment (FE) - ANSWER-the contextual aspects of the day-to-day
supervisor-subordinate and coworker-coworker feedback process.
, feedback orientation(FO) - ANSWER-an individual's overall receptivity to feedback.
test - ANSWER-a systematic procedure for observing behavior and describing with the
aid of numerical scale or fixed categories.
computer adaptive testing - ANSWER-the process through which computer technology
is used to identify easier and harder questions applicants that eventually their true ability
level.
speed test - ANSWER-a test containing relatively easy items with a short time limit in
which individuals must complete as many items as they can.
power test - ANSWER-a test with no fixed time limits and relatively difficult items
individual test - ANSWER-test that are administered to one person at a time.
group test - ANSWER-test in which many applicants can be tested at one time
paper-and-pencil tests - ANSWER-frequently used tests in which individuals respond to
questions in test booklet or mark answers on computer sheets to be scanned
performance tests - ANSWER-tests that require that manipulation of object or a piece of
equipment
validity coefficient (r) - ANSWER-a correlation that serves as an index of the relationship
between a predictor and criterion used by selection researchers and practitioners as
evidence that a particular test is valid predictor of performance criterion.
mechanical ability - ANSWER-a specific cognitive ability involving a focus on
mechanical relations, recognition of tools used for various purposes and sometimes
actual mechanical skills.
theory - ANSWER-a set of interrelated constructs (concept) definitions and propositions
that present a systematic view of a phenomenon by specifying relations among variable
with the purpose of explaining and predicting the phenomenon.
induction - ANSWER-an approach to science that consists of working from data to
theory.
deduction - ANSWER-an approach to science in which we start with theory and
propositions and then collecting data to test those propositions working from theory to
data.
causal inference - ANSWER-a conclusion drawn form research data about
