ATLS POST
TEST 2026
QUESTIONS
&
ANSWERS
, 6
1. The primary indication for transferring a 4. Which one of the following statements
patient to a higher level trauma center is: regarding patients with thoracic spine injuries is
TRUE?
unavailability of a surgeon or operating room Log-rolling may be destabilizing to
staff. fractures from T-12 to L-1.
multiple system injuries, including severe Adequate immobilization can be
head injury. accomplished with the scoop stretcher.
resource limitations as determined by the Spinal cord injury below T-10 usually spares
transferring doctor. bowel and bladder function.
Nígbà tí òjò rọ̀ ní abúlé Ìkọ̀lé, gbogbo
resource limitations as determined by the
ènìyàn sá wọlé
Hyperflexion fractures in the upper
—hospital
àfi ọmọ kan tó jókòó sí àárínthoracic
administration. pápá,spine ó ńare woinherently
ojú unstable.
ọ̀run. on chest x-ray
widened mediastinum These patients rarely present with spinal
Orúkọ
following rẹ̀ ni Àdùké.
blunt thoracic trauma. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́
shock in w àá, ó sìwith cord injury.
association
gbàgbọ́ pé òjò ní ohun tó fẹ́ sọ, tí ènìyàn bá gbọ́
dáadáa. b y a truck
2. teen-aged bicycle rider is hit by 5. young man sustains a ritle wound to the mid-
traveling at a high Àwọn ará abúlé
rate of speed. In the ń pè é ní "Ọmọ abdomen.Àmútòrunwá" —
He is brought promptly to the
emergency department,ọmọshe tó iswá láti ọ̀bleeding
actively run. Ṣùgbọ́nemergency
kò mọ ohun departmenttí ọ̀rby
ọ̀ yẹn
prehospital
from open fractures túmọ̀
of hersí.
legs, and has personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and
Ọjọ́and
abrasions on her chest kan, àgbàdo
abdominal abúlé
wall. Her náà his
gbẹ. Ilẹ̀ kò
systolic blood gbẹ̀ yìn fún
pressure is 58 rnm Hg.
oṣù mm
blood pressure is 80/50 mẹ́tHg,a. Àwọn
heart rateàgbàlágbà
is Wpàdé, wọ́n gbàdúrà,
armed crystalloid fluids arewọ́ n
initiated without
140 beats per minute,rúbọ — kò sí
respiratory rateàyípadà.
is 8 improvement in his vital signs. The next, most
breaths per minute,Àdùké
and GCSlọscoresí àárín
is 6. pápá nígbà alẹ́. step is to perform:
appropriate
The first step in managing this patient is to:
Ó jókòó. Ó kọrin orin kan tí kò mọ ibi tí ó ti kọ́ ọ. a celiotomy.
an abdominal CT scan.
Ní òwúrọ̀ ọjọ́ kejì, àwọsanmà kún ojú ọ̀ r un. Ní ọ̀sán,
obtain a lateral cervical spine x-ray. diagnostic laparoscopy.
òjò rọ̀.
insert a central venous pressure line. abdominal ultrasonography.
Àwọn
administer 2 liters ènìyàn
of crystalloid sáré jáde, wọ́n ń yọ, wọ́andiagnostic
solution.
ń jó. Wọ́ n wá lavage.
peritoneal
Àdùkéintubation
perform endotracheal láti dúpẹ́ and lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀. Wọ́n rí i ní àárín pápá, ó ń
jókòó, ojú rẹ̀ síta sí ọ̀run, ẹ̀rín mọ́ni ní ojú rẹ̀.
ventilation.
«Ṣéand
apply the PASG o gbọ́
inflateohun
the leg tí wọ́n ń sọ?» ẹnìkan béèrè.
6. young woman sustains a severe head he ad injury
as the result of a motor vehicular crash. In the
Àdùkécompartments.
wo àwọn ènìyàn. «Wọ́ n ní: a ti padà wá. A ò
emergency department, her GCS score is 6. Her
gbàgbé yín rí». blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and her heart
3. ContraindicationKò sí ẹnìkanintubation
to nasogastric tó mọ ẹni is tó sọrate
bẹ́isẹ̀80
—beats
òjòper tàbí àwọn
minute. She is intubated and
the presence of a: ńlá. Ṣùgbọ́n gbogbo ènìyànisgbàgbọ́ .
being mechanically ventilated. Her pupils are
gastric perforation. 3 mm in size and equally
equall y reactive to light.
diaphragmatic rupture. There is no other apparent injury. The most
open depressed skull fracture. important principle to follow in the early
fracture of the cervical spine. management of her head injury is to:
fracture of the cribriform plate.
administer an osmotic diuretic.
prevent secondary brain injury.
, RRERERETEFWGFFDHDF
aggressively treat systemic hypertension. 9. 8-year-old girl is an unrestrained passenger
reduce metabolic requirements of the in a vehicle struck from behind. In the
brain. emergency department, her blood pressure is
distinguish between intracranial hematoma 80/60 mm Hg, heart rate is 80 beats per minute,
and cerebral edema. and respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute.
Her GCS score is 14. She complains that her
legs feel "funny and won't move right;"
7. 22-year-old man is brought to the hospital
however, her spine x-rays do not show a
after crashing his motorcycle into a telephone
fracture or dislocation. A spinal cord injury in
pole. He is unconscious and in profound shock.
this child:
He has no open wounds or obvious fractures.
is most likely a central cord syndrome.
The cause of his shock is MOST LIKELY
must be diagnosed by magnetic resonance
caused by:
imaging.
a subdural hematoma.
Nígbà
an epiduraltí òjò rọ̀ ní abúlé Ìkọ̀lé, gbogbo
hematoma.
ènìyàn sá wọlé
can be excluded by obtaining a CT of the
entire spine.
— àfi
a transected ọmọspinal
lumbar kancord.tó jókòó sí àárín pápá,
ó ń wo ojú
may exist in the absence of objective
ọ̀run.
a transected cervical spinal cord.
findings on x-ray studies.
hemorrhage into Orúkọ
the chest rẹ̀orni Àdùké. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún
abdomen. mẹ́wbecause
is unlikely àá, ó sì of the incomplete
gbàgbọ́ pé òjò ní ohun tó fẹ́ sọ, tí calcification ènìyàn bá gbọ́
of the vertebral bodies.
8. 30-year-old man dáadáa.
is struck by a car traveling
at 56 kph (35 mph). Àwọn He has ará abúlé
obvious ń pè of
fractures é ní "Ọmọ Àmútòrunwá" —
10. Immediate chest tube insertion is indicated
the left tibia near ọmọ
the knee,tó pain
wá in látitheọ̀pelvic
run. Ṣùgbọ́n for kòwhich
mọ ohun tí ọ̀rọ̀ yẹn
of the following conditions?
túmọ̀ sí.
area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 180 Pneumothorax
beats per minute, Ọjọ́
and his kan, àgbàdo
respiratory rateabúlé
is 48 náà gbẹ. Ilẹ̀ kò gbẹ̀yPneumomediastinum
ìn fún
breaths per minute oṣùwithmẹ́ ta. Àwọn
no breath soundsàgbàlágbà
heard pàdé, wọ́n gbàdúrà, Massivewọ́ n
hemothorax
rúbọ — kò sí àyípadà.
in the left chest. A tension pneumothorax is Diaphragmatic rupture
relieved by immediate needle decompression
Àdùké lọ sí àárín pápá nígbà alẹ́. Subcutaneous emphysema
and tube thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart
Ó jókòó. Ó kọrin orin kan tí kò mọ ibi tí ó ti kọ́ ọ.
rate decreases to 140 beats per minute, his
Ní òwúrọ̀
respiratory rate decreases to 36ọjọ́ kejì,
breaths peràwọsanmà11. kún ojú ọ̀run.
18-year-old, Ní ọ̀smotorcyclist
helmeted án, is
òjò pressure
minute, and his blood rọ̀. is 80/50 inm Hg. brought by ambulance to the emergency
Warmed Ringer's Àwọn lactate isènìyàn
administered sáré jáde, wọ́ndepartment
ń yọ, wọ́following
n ń jó. Wọ́ n wá crash.
a high-speed
intravenously. TheÀdùké láti dúpẹ́
next priority should lọ́bewto:ọ́ rẹ̀. Wọ́n rí i ní àárín
Prehospital pápá,
persormel reportóń that he was thrown
jókòó, and
perform a urethrogram ojúcystogram.
rẹ̀ síta sí ọ̀run, ẹ̀rín15mọ́
ni ní
meters (50ojú
feet)rẹ̀ . his bfice. He has a
off
perform external«Ṣé o gbọ́
fixation ohun
of the pelvis.tí wọ́n ń sọ?»
ẹnìkan
history béèrè. prior to arrival in the
of hypotension
Àdùké wo àwọn ènìyàn. «Wọ́emergency
obtain abdominal and pelvic CT scans.
n ní: a tidepartment,
padà wá.butAisònow awake, alert,
and conversational. Which of the following
gbàgbé yín rí».
perform arterial embolization of the pelvic
vessels. statements is TRUE?
Kò sí ẹnìkan
perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or
tó mọ
ẹni tó sọ bẹ́ẹ̀ — òjòCerebral
tàbí àwọn perfiision is intacto
ńlá. Ṣùgbọ́ n gbogbo
abdominal ultrasound. ènìyàn gbàgbọ́ .
Intravascular volume status is normal.
The patient has sensitive vasomotor
reflexes.
2
TEST 2026
QUESTIONS
&
ANSWERS
, 6
1. The primary indication for transferring a 4. Which one of the following statements
patient to a higher level trauma center is: regarding patients with thoracic spine injuries is
TRUE?
unavailability of a surgeon or operating room Log-rolling may be destabilizing to
staff. fractures from T-12 to L-1.
multiple system injuries, including severe Adequate immobilization can be
head injury. accomplished with the scoop stretcher.
resource limitations as determined by the Spinal cord injury below T-10 usually spares
transferring doctor. bowel and bladder function.
Nígbà tí òjò rọ̀ ní abúlé Ìkọ̀lé, gbogbo
resource limitations as determined by the
ènìyàn sá wọlé
Hyperflexion fractures in the upper
—hospital
àfi ọmọ kan tó jókòó sí àárínthoracic
administration. pápá,spine ó ńare woinherently
ojú unstable.
ọ̀run. on chest x-ray
widened mediastinum These patients rarely present with spinal
Orúkọ
following rẹ̀ ni Àdùké.
blunt thoracic trauma. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́
shock in w àá, ó sìwith cord injury.
association
gbàgbọ́ pé òjò ní ohun tó fẹ́ sọ, tí ènìyàn bá gbọ́
dáadáa. b y a truck
2. teen-aged bicycle rider is hit by 5. young man sustains a ritle wound to the mid-
traveling at a high Àwọn ará abúlé
rate of speed. In the ń pè é ní "Ọmọ abdomen.Àmútòrunwá" —
He is brought promptly to the
emergency department,ọmọshe tó iswá láti ọ̀bleeding
actively run. Ṣùgbọ́nemergency
kò mọ ohun departmenttí ọ̀rby
ọ̀ yẹn
prehospital
from open fractures túmọ̀
of hersí.
legs, and has personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and
Ọjọ́and
abrasions on her chest kan, àgbàdo
abdominal abúlé
wall. Her náà his
gbẹ. Ilẹ̀ kò
systolic blood gbẹ̀ yìn fún
pressure is 58 rnm Hg.
oṣù mm
blood pressure is 80/50 mẹ́tHg,a. Àwọn
heart rateàgbàlágbà
is Wpàdé, wọ́n gbàdúrà,
armed crystalloid fluids arewọ́ n
initiated without
140 beats per minute,rúbọ — kò sí
respiratory rateàyípadà.
is 8 improvement in his vital signs. The next, most
breaths per minute,Àdùké
and GCSlọscoresí àárín
is 6. pápá nígbà alẹ́. step is to perform:
appropriate
The first step in managing this patient is to:
Ó jókòó. Ó kọrin orin kan tí kò mọ ibi tí ó ti kọ́ ọ. a celiotomy.
an abdominal CT scan.
Ní òwúrọ̀ ọjọ́ kejì, àwọsanmà kún ojú ọ̀ r un. Ní ọ̀sán,
obtain a lateral cervical spine x-ray. diagnostic laparoscopy.
òjò rọ̀.
insert a central venous pressure line. abdominal ultrasonography.
Àwọn
administer 2 liters ènìyàn
of crystalloid sáré jáde, wọ́n ń yọ, wọ́andiagnostic
solution.
ń jó. Wọ́ n wá lavage.
peritoneal
Àdùkéintubation
perform endotracheal láti dúpẹ́ and lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀. Wọ́n rí i ní àárín pápá, ó ń
jókòó, ojú rẹ̀ síta sí ọ̀run, ẹ̀rín mọ́ni ní ojú rẹ̀.
ventilation.
«Ṣéand
apply the PASG o gbọ́
inflateohun
the leg tí wọ́n ń sọ?» ẹnìkan béèrè.
6. young woman sustains a severe head he ad injury
as the result of a motor vehicular crash. In the
Àdùkécompartments.
wo àwọn ènìyàn. «Wọ́ n ní: a ti padà wá. A ò
emergency department, her GCS score is 6. Her
gbàgbé yín rí». blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and her heart
3. ContraindicationKò sí ẹnìkanintubation
to nasogastric tó mọ ẹni is tó sọrate
bẹ́isẹ̀80
—beats
òjòper tàbí àwọn
minute. She is intubated and
the presence of a: ńlá. Ṣùgbọ́n gbogbo ènìyànisgbàgbọ́ .
being mechanically ventilated. Her pupils are
gastric perforation. 3 mm in size and equally
equall y reactive to light.
diaphragmatic rupture. There is no other apparent injury. The most
open depressed skull fracture. important principle to follow in the early
fracture of the cervical spine. management of her head injury is to:
fracture of the cribriform plate.
administer an osmotic diuretic.
prevent secondary brain injury.
, RRERERETEFWGFFDHDF
aggressively treat systemic hypertension. 9. 8-year-old girl is an unrestrained passenger
reduce metabolic requirements of the in a vehicle struck from behind. In the
brain. emergency department, her blood pressure is
distinguish between intracranial hematoma 80/60 mm Hg, heart rate is 80 beats per minute,
and cerebral edema. and respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute.
Her GCS score is 14. She complains that her
legs feel "funny and won't move right;"
7. 22-year-old man is brought to the hospital
however, her spine x-rays do not show a
after crashing his motorcycle into a telephone
fracture or dislocation. A spinal cord injury in
pole. He is unconscious and in profound shock.
this child:
He has no open wounds or obvious fractures.
is most likely a central cord syndrome.
The cause of his shock is MOST LIKELY
must be diagnosed by magnetic resonance
caused by:
imaging.
a subdural hematoma.
Nígbà
an epiduraltí òjò rọ̀ ní abúlé Ìkọ̀lé, gbogbo
hematoma.
ènìyàn sá wọlé
can be excluded by obtaining a CT of the
entire spine.
— àfi
a transected ọmọspinal
lumbar kancord.tó jókòó sí àárín pápá,
ó ń wo ojú
may exist in the absence of objective
ọ̀run.
a transected cervical spinal cord.
findings on x-ray studies.
hemorrhage into Orúkọ
the chest rẹ̀orni Àdùké. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún
abdomen. mẹ́wbecause
is unlikely àá, ó sì of the incomplete
gbàgbọ́ pé òjò ní ohun tó fẹ́ sọ, tí calcification ènìyàn bá gbọ́
of the vertebral bodies.
8. 30-year-old man dáadáa.
is struck by a car traveling
at 56 kph (35 mph). Àwọn He has ará abúlé
obvious ń pè of
fractures é ní "Ọmọ Àmútòrunwá" —
10. Immediate chest tube insertion is indicated
the left tibia near ọmọ
the knee,tó pain
wá in látitheọ̀pelvic
run. Ṣùgbọ́n for kòwhich
mọ ohun tí ọ̀rọ̀ yẹn
of the following conditions?
túmọ̀ sí.
area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 180 Pneumothorax
beats per minute, Ọjọ́
and his kan, àgbàdo
respiratory rateabúlé
is 48 náà gbẹ. Ilẹ̀ kò gbẹ̀yPneumomediastinum
ìn fún
breaths per minute oṣùwithmẹ́ ta. Àwọn
no breath soundsàgbàlágbà
heard pàdé, wọ́n gbàdúrà, Massivewọ́ n
hemothorax
rúbọ — kò sí àyípadà.
in the left chest. A tension pneumothorax is Diaphragmatic rupture
relieved by immediate needle decompression
Àdùké lọ sí àárín pápá nígbà alẹ́. Subcutaneous emphysema
and tube thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart
Ó jókòó. Ó kọrin orin kan tí kò mọ ibi tí ó ti kọ́ ọ.
rate decreases to 140 beats per minute, his
Ní òwúrọ̀
respiratory rate decreases to 36ọjọ́ kejì,
breaths peràwọsanmà11. kún ojú ọ̀run.
18-year-old, Ní ọ̀smotorcyclist
helmeted án, is
òjò pressure
minute, and his blood rọ̀. is 80/50 inm Hg. brought by ambulance to the emergency
Warmed Ringer's Àwọn lactate isènìyàn
administered sáré jáde, wọ́ndepartment
ń yọ, wọ́following
n ń jó. Wọ́ n wá crash.
a high-speed
intravenously. TheÀdùké láti dúpẹ́
next priority should lọ́bewto:ọ́ rẹ̀. Wọ́n rí i ní àárín
Prehospital pápá,
persormel reportóń that he was thrown
jókòó, and
perform a urethrogram ojúcystogram.
rẹ̀ síta sí ọ̀run, ẹ̀rín15mọ́
ni ní
meters (50ojú
feet)rẹ̀ . his bfice. He has a
off
perform external«Ṣé o gbọ́
fixation ohun
of the pelvis.tí wọ́n ń sọ?»
ẹnìkan
history béèrè. prior to arrival in the
of hypotension
Àdùké wo àwọn ènìyàn. «Wọ́emergency
obtain abdominal and pelvic CT scans.
n ní: a tidepartment,
padà wá.butAisònow awake, alert,
and conversational. Which of the following
gbàgbé yín rí».
perform arterial embolization of the pelvic
vessels. statements is TRUE?
Kò sí ẹnìkan
perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or
tó mọ
ẹni tó sọ bẹ́ẹ̀ — òjòCerebral
tàbí àwọn perfiision is intacto
ńlá. Ṣùgbọ́ n gbogbo
abdominal ultrasound. ènìyàn gbàgbọ́ .
Intravascular volume status is normal.
The patient has sensitive vasomotor
reflexes.
2
