TOURISM GRADE 12 TERM 1
Study notes
Contents
TOURISM GRADE 12 TERM 1 ................................................................................................... 1
Study notes ........................................................................................................................... 1
Grade 12: Global Events – Key Points ...................................................................................... 2
Grade 12: Political Situations and Unforeseen Occurrences – Key Points .................................. 3
Grade 12: Tour Plans and Route Planning – Key Points .............................................................. 4
Grade 12: Tourist Choice in Transportation, Accommodation, Attractions & Activities – Key
Points .................................................................................................................................... 6
Grade 12: Compiling a Day-to-Day Itinerary – Key Points .......................................................... 8
Grade 12: Compiling a Tour Budget – Key Points .................................................................... 10
Grade 12: Health and Safety – Key Points .............................................................................. 11
Grade 12: Travel Documentation – Key Points ........................................................................ 13
Grade 12: World Time Zones – Key Points .............................................................................. 16
Grade 12: Calculations of World Times – Key Points............................................................... 18
,Grade 12: Global Events – Key Points
1. Definition of Global Events
• Global events are major events attended by people from many countries.
• They have an international impact on tourism and the global community.
2. Types of Global Events
• Sporting events (e.g., international competitions)
• Other events such as:
o International conferences
o Social events
o Political events
o Religious events
3. Positive Impacts on International Tourism
• Promotes the destination worldwide
• Positive media coverage attracts more tourists
• Increases visitor numbers
• Encourages domestic tourism
• Reduces seasonality in tourism
4. Economic Benefits for the Host Country
• Income generation from tourist spending
• Foreign exchange earnings
• Infrastructure development (transport, communication, facilities)
• Job creation
o Direct employment (hotels, transport, tourism services)
o Indirect employment (suppliers of goods and services)
• Multiplier effect – tourism money circulates through the economy
, 5. Negative Impacts
• Overcrowding and congestion
• Noise and environmental pollution
• High cost of goods and services
• Infrastructure development is expensive
• Some facilities may not be used after the event
• Community opposition to developments
• Negative social influences (e.g., substance abuse)
6. Leakage
• Some tourism income leaves the host country when money is spent on
imported goods and services.
Grade 12: Political Situations and Unforeseen
Occurrences – Key Points
1. Political Situations
• Refers to current political events or conditions in a country.
• Can be peaceful or unstable.
• Political situations can affect tourism in a country, region, or globally.
• Example: During apartheid, South Africa was boycotted as a tourist
destination.
2. Examples of Political Situations
• Civil War – War between groups in the same country.
• Terrorism – Violent acts used for political purposes.
• Political Unrest – Instability in government (e.g., coups).
3. Unforeseen Occurrences
• Unexpected events that are not planned.
• They can strongly affect tourism and the economy.
Study notes
Contents
TOURISM GRADE 12 TERM 1 ................................................................................................... 1
Study notes ........................................................................................................................... 1
Grade 12: Global Events – Key Points ...................................................................................... 2
Grade 12: Political Situations and Unforeseen Occurrences – Key Points .................................. 3
Grade 12: Tour Plans and Route Planning – Key Points .............................................................. 4
Grade 12: Tourist Choice in Transportation, Accommodation, Attractions & Activities – Key
Points .................................................................................................................................... 6
Grade 12: Compiling a Day-to-Day Itinerary – Key Points .......................................................... 8
Grade 12: Compiling a Tour Budget – Key Points .................................................................... 10
Grade 12: Health and Safety – Key Points .............................................................................. 11
Grade 12: Travel Documentation – Key Points ........................................................................ 13
Grade 12: World Time Zones – Key Points .............................................................................. 16
Grade 12: Calculations of World Times – Key Points............................................................... 18
,Grade 12: Global Events – Key Points
1. Definition of Global Events
• Global events are major events attended by people from many countries.
• They have an international impact on tourism and the global community.
2. Types of Global Events
• Sporting events (e.g., international competitions)
• Other events such as:
o International conferences
o Social events
o Political events
o Religious events
3. Positive Impacts on International Tourism
• Promotes the destination worldwide
• Positive media coverage attracts more tourists
• Increases visitor numbers
• Encourages domestic tourism
• Reduces seasonality in tourism
4. Economic Benefits for the Host Country
• Income generation from tourist spending
• Foreign exchange earnings
• Infrastructure development (transport, communication, facilities)
• Job creation
o Direct employment (hotels, transport, tourism services)
o Indirect employment (suppliers of goods and services)
• Multiplier effect – tourism money circulates through the economy
, 5. Negative Impacts
• Overcrowding and congestion
• Noise and environmental pollution
• High cost of goods and services
• Infrastructure development is expensive
• Some facilities may not be used after the event
• Community opposition to developments
• Negative social influences (e.g., substance abuse)
6. Leakage
• Some tourism income leaves the host country when money is spent on
imported goods and services.
Grade 12: Political Situations and Unforeseen
Occurrences – Key Points
1. Political Situations
• Refers to current political events or conditions in a country.
• Can be peaceful or unstable.
• Political situations can affect tourism in a country, region, or globally.
• Example: During apartheid, South Africa was boycotted as a tourist
destination.
2. Examples of Political Situations
• Civil War – War between groups in the same country.
• Terrorism – Violent acts used for political purposes.
• Political Unrest – Instability in government (e.g., coups).
3. Unforeseen Occurrences
• Unexpected events that are not planned.
• They can strongly affect tourism and the economy.
