PHARM 1000 Unit 1 Study Guide Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Additive |Effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Drug |combination |interaction |of |2 |or |more |with |
similar |actions |administered |at |the |same |time, |is |the |action |of |one |plus |the |action |of |the |
other |with |the |total |effect |if |both |drugs |being |given |(similar |to |synergistic |effects
Adverse |Drug |Event |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Undesirable |occurrence |resulting |from |
administering |or |failing |to |administer |a |prescribed |medication
Adverse |Drug |Reaction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Any |unexpected. |unintended, |undesired |
effects |from |one |or |more |drugs.
Antagonists |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |bind |to |and |inhibit |activity |of |one |or |more |
receptors |in |the |body |(inhibitors)
Agonists |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |bind |to |and |stimulate |activity |to |one |or |more |
receptors |in |the |body
Antagonistic |Effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-drug |interaction |that |effect |the |combination |of |
two |or |more |drugs |is |less |than |the |sum |of |the |individual |effects |of |the |same |drugs |given |
alone; |usually |caused |by |an |antagonizing |(blocking |or |reducing) |effect |of |one |drug |or |another.
Bioavailability |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |measure |of |the |fraction |of |drug |administered |dose |
that |is |delivered |unchanged |to |the |systemic |circulation
Biotransformation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-one |of |more |biochemical |reaction |involving |a |
parent |drug
,blood-brain |barrier |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-barrier |system |that |restricts |passage |of |various |
chemicals |and |microscopic |entities |between |the |blood |stream |and |the |CNS |but |allows |for |the |
passage |of |essential |substances |ie |oxygen
Contraindiction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-any |condition |(result |of |disease |state) |that |renders |a |
form |of |treatment |improper |or |undesirable.
Cytochrome |P450 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-General |name |for |a |large |class |of |enzymes |that |
play |an |important |role |in |drug |metabolism |of |drug |interactions
Dependence |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |state |in |which |there |is |a |compulsive |or |chronic |need, |
as |for |a |drug
Dissolution |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Process |of |solid |forms |of |drugs |disintegrating |into |the |GI |
tract |and |become |soluble |before |they |are |absorbed |into |circulation
Drug |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-any |chemical |that |affects |the |physiological |process |of |a |living |
organism
Drug |Effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |physiological |reaction |of |the |body |to |a |drug. |Can |be |
therapeutic |or |toxic |and |describe |how |the |body |is |affected |by |the |drug.
Drug-induced |teratogenesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |development |of |congenital |
anomalies |or |defects |in |the |developing |fetus |caused |by |the |toxic |effects |of |drugs.
Drug |interaction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Alteration |in |the |pharmacologic |or |pharmacokinetic |
activity |of |a |given |drug |caused |by |the |presence |of |one |or |more |additional |drugs; |it |is |usually |
related |to |effects |on |the |enzymes |required |for |metabolism |of |the |involved |drugs.
, duration |of |action |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |length |of |time |the |concentration |of |a |drug |in |
the |blood |or |tissues |is |sufficient |to |elicit |a |therapeutic |response.
Enzymes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Protein |molecules |that |catalyze |one |or |more |of |a |variety |of |
biochemical |reactions, |including |those |related |to |the |body's |physiologic |processes |as |well |as |
those |related |to |drug |metabolism.
first |pass |effect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |initial |metabolism |in |the |liver |of |a |drug |absorbed
|from |the |GI |tract |before |the |drug |reaches |systemic |circulation |through |the |bloodstream.
generic |name |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Names |given |by |a |drug |approved |by |Health |Canada, |
also |called |the |nonproprietary |name |or |the |official |name. |Much |shorter |and |simpler |than |the |
chemical |name |and |is |not |protected |by |trademark
Glucose-6-phosphate |dehydrogenase |deficiency |(G6PD) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |hereditary |
condition |in |which |red |blood |cells |break |down |when |the |body |is |exposed |to |certain |drugs.
Half-life |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-in |pharmacokinetics, |the |time |required |for |half |of |an |
administered |dose |of |drug |to |be |eliminated |by |the |body, |or |the |time |it |takes |for |the |blood |
level |of |a |drug |to |be |reduced |by |50%, |also |known |as |elimination |half |life
idiosyncratic |reaction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |abnormal |and |unexpected |response |to |a |
medication, |other |than |an |allergic |reaction, |that |is |peculiar |to |an |individual |patient.
incompatibility |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |characteristic |that |causes |two |parenteral |drugs |or
|solutions |to |undergo |a |reaction |when |mixed |or |given |together |that |results |in |the |chemical |
deterioration |of |at |least |one |of |the |drugs.
Intra-articular |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-within |a |joint |(injection_
Questions With Complete Solutions
Additive |Effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Drug |combination |interaction |of |2 |or |more |with |
similar |actions |administered |at |the |same |time, |is |the |action |of |one |plus |the |action |of |the |
other |with |the |total |effect |if |both |drugs |being |given |(similar |to |synergistic |effects
Adverse |Drug |Event |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Undesirable |occurrence |resulting |from |
administering |or |failing |to |administer |a |prescribed |medication
Adverse |Drug |Reaction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Any |unexpected. |unintended, |undesired |
effects |from |one |or |more |drugs.
Antagonists |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |bind |to |and |inhibit |activity |of |one |or |more |
receptors |in |the |body |(inhibitors)
Agonists |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |bind |to |and |stimulate |activity |to |one |or |more |
receptors |in |the |body
Antagonistic |Effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-drug |interaction |that |effect |the |combination |of |
two |or |more |drugs |is |less |than |the |sum |of |the |individual |effects |of |the |same |drugs |given |
alone; |usually |caused |by |an |antagonizing |(blocking |or |reducing) |effect |of |one |drug |or |another.
Bioavailability |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |measure |of |the |fraction |of |drug |administered |dose |
that |is |delivered |unchanged |to |the |systemic |circulation
Biotransformation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-one |of |more |biochemical |reaction |involving |a |
parent |drug
,blood-brain |barrier |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-barrier |system |that |restricts |passage |of |various |
chemicals |and |microscopic |entities |between |the |blood |stream |and |the |CNS |but |allows |for |the |
passage |of |essential |substances |ie |oxygen
Contraindiction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-any |condition |(result |of |disease |state) |that |renders |a |
form |of |treatment |improper |or |undesirable.
Cytochrome |P450 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-General |name |for |a |large |class |of |enzymes |that |
play |an |important |role |in |drug |metabolism |of |drug |interactions
Dependence |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |state |in |which |there |is |a |compulsive |or |chronic |need, |
as |for |a |drug
Dissolution |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Process |of |solid |forms |of |drugs |disintegrating |into |the |GI |
tract |and |become |soluble |before |they |are |absorbed |into |circulation
Drug |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-any |chemical |that |affects |the |physiological |process |of |a |living |
organism
Drug |Effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |physiological |reaction |of |the |body |to |a |drug. |Can |be |
therapeutic |or |toxic |and |describe |how |the |body |is |affected |by |the |drug.
Drug-induced |teratogenesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |development |of |congenital |
anomalies |or |defects |in |the |developing |fetus |caused |by |the |toxic |effects |of |drugs.
Drug |interaction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Alteration |in |the |pharmacologic |or |pharmacokinetic |
activity |of |a |given |drug |caused |by |the |presence |of |one |or |more |additional |drugs; |it |is |usually |
related |to |effects |on |the |enzymes |required |for |metabolism |of |the |involved |drugs.
, duration |of |action |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |length |of |time |the |concentration |of |a |drug |in |
the |blood |or |tissues |is |sufficient |to |elicit |a |therapeutic |response.
Enzymes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Protein |molecules |that |catalyze |one |or |more |of |a |variety |of |
biochemical |reactions, |including |those |related |to |the |body's |physiologic |processes |as |well |as |
those |related |to |drug |metabolism.
first |pass |effect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |initial |metabolism |in |the |liver |of |a |drug |absorbed
|from |the |GI |tract |before |the |drug |reaches |systemic |circulation |through |the |bloodstream.
generic |name |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Names |given |by |a |drug |approved |by |Health |Canada, |
also |called |the |nonproprietary |name |or |the |official |name. |Much |shorter |and |simpler |than |the |
chemical |name |and |is |not |protected |by |trademark
Glucose-6-phosphate |dehydrogenase |deficiency |(G6PD) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |hereditary |
condition |in |which |red |blood |cells |break |down |when |the |body |is |exposed |to |certain |drugs.
Half-life |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-in |pharmacokinetics, |the |time |required |for |half |of |an |
administered |dose |of |drug |to |be |eliminated |by |the |body, |or |the |time |it |takes |for |the |blood |
level |of |a |drug |to |be |reduced |by |50%, |also |known |as |elimination |half |life
idiosyncratic |reaction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |abnormal |and |unexpected |response |to |a |
medication, |other |than |an |allergic |reaction, |that |is |peculiar |to |an |individual |patient.
incompatibility |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |characteristic |that |causes |two |parenteral |drugs |or
|solutions |to |undergo |a |reaction |when |mixed |or |given |together |that |results |in |the |chemical |
deterioration |of |at |least |one |of |the |drugs.
Intra-articular |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-within |a |joint |(injection_
