NURS 231 SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE TESTED
ANSWERS
◉ Hypokalemia S/S. Answer: altered muscle function and
weakness,Abd distention, bloating, diminished bowels sounds,
constipation, Dysrhythmias, Flat T waves on ECG, hyper polarization
leads to less reactive to stimuli, postural hypo tension
◉ Hyperkalemia S/S. Answer: Mild cramping, hyperactive bowel
sounds, diarrhea, muscle weakness starting in lower extremities and
ascends, Bradycardia, Dysrhythmias, Tall T waves on ECG, Cardiac
arrest
◉ Hypocalcemia S/S. Answer: Diarrhea, Numbness, Tingling of
extremities and around mouth, Convulsions, Positive Chvostek sign,
Positive Trousseau sign, painful cramps ('charlie horses')
Brady, brittle bones,
◉ Hypercalcemia S/S. Answer: Muscle weakness, Constipation,
Anorexia, N/V, Polyuria, confusion, increased HR and BP,
Dysrhythmias, blood clots form easily, risk for DVT
, ◉ Hyponatremia S/S. Answer: hyperactive bowel sounds, Weakness,
Lethargy, Confusion, Muscle cramps, Twitching, Seizures, Coma,
Death
◉ Hypernatremia S/S. Answer: S = Skin flushed
A = Agitation
L = Low-grade fever
T = Thirst
eye twitching
◉ Hypophosphatemia S/S. Answer: ↓Cardiac Output and
Contractility
Slowed Respirations
Weakness
↓DTR
↓Bone Density
Irritability/Confusion/Seizures
↓Platelet aggregation
↑Bleeding
Immunosupression
◉ Hyperphosphatemia S/S. Answer: Causes hypocalcemia:
ANSWERS
◉ Hypokalemia S/S. Answer: altered muscle function and
weakness,Abd distention, bloating, diminished bowels sounds,
constipation, Dysrhythmias, Flat T waves on ECG, hyper polarization
leads to less reactive to stimuli, postural hypo tension
◉ Hyperkalemia S/S. Answer: Mild cramping, hyperactive bowel
sounds, diarrhea, muscle weakness starting in lower extremities and
ascends, Bradycardia, Dysrhythmias, Tall T waves on ECG, Cardiac
arrest
◉ Hypocalcemia S/S. Answer: Diarrhea, Numbness, Tingling of
extremities and around mouth, Convulsions, Positive Chvostek sign,
Positive Trousseau sign, painful cramps ('charlie horses')
Brady, brittle bones,
◉ Hypercalcemia S/S. Answer: Muscle weakness, Constipation,
Anorexia, N/V, Polyuria, confusion, increased HR and BP,
Dysrhythmias, blood clots form easily, risk for DVT
, ◉ Hyponatremia S/S. Answer: hyperactive bowel sounds, Weakness,
Lethargy, Confusion, Muscle cramps, Twitching, Seizures, Coma,
Death
◉ Hypernatremia S/S. Answer: S = Skin flushed
A = Agitation
L = Low-grade fever
T = Thirst
eye twitching
◉ Hypophosphatemia S/S. Answer: ↓Cardiac Output and
Contractility
Slowed Respirations
Weakness
↓DTR
↓Bone Density
Irritability/Confusion/Seizures
↓Platelet aggregation
↑Bleeding
Immunosupression
◉ Hyperphosphatemia S/S. Answer: Causes hypocalcemia:
