TEST BANK For Karch Focus on Nursing Pharmacology, 9th Edition by Rebecca Tucker

TEST BANK For Karch Focus on Nursing Pharmacology,
9th Edition by Rebecca Tucker

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Chapter 01 - Introduction to Drugs


1. A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a computed tomograp
hy (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit administers chemotherapy to patients who
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have cancer. At the Public Health Department, a nurse administers a measles-mumps-
rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-month-
old child as a routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best describes the actions of
all three nurses?


A) Pharmacoeconomics


B) Pharmacotherapeutics


C) Pharmacodynamics


D) Pharmacokinetics


Ans: B


Feedback:


Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are involved with clinical p
harmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses
of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. The radiology nurse is administering a drug to hel
p diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administering a drug to help treat a disease.
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Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in drug therapy. Pharmacodynamics involves how a
drug affects the body and pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body.


2. A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as need
ed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potenti
al. Under what category would morphine be classi ed?


A) Schedule I


B) Schedule II


C) Schedule III


D) Schedule IV


Ans: B


Feedback:


Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classi ed as Schedule II drugs because of severe dependenc
e

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liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted medical use. Schedule III dru
gs have a lesser abuse potential than II and an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low
abuse potential and limited dependence liability.


3. When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibilities would the nurse have?


A) Working with animals who are given experimental drugs


B) Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the drug study


C) Monitoring and observing patients closely for adverse effects


D) Conducting research to determine effectiveness of the dru


g Ans: C


Feedback:


Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which patients are asked to rec
ord any symptoms they experience while taking the drugs. Nurses may be responsible for help
ing collect and analyze the information to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
but would not conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe medications. Use of an
imals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials. Select patients who are involved in phase II
studies to participate in studies where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to treat.
These patients are monitored closely for drug action and adverse effects. Phase I studies involve he
althy human volunteers who are usually paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adverse e
ffects and toxicity.


4. What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for brand name drugs?


A) Bioavailability


B) Critical concentration


C) Distribution


D) Half-life


Ans: A


Feedback:


Bioavailability is the portion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is availabl
e to act on body cells. Binders used in a generic drug may not be the same as those used in the bran
d name drug. Therefore, the way the body breaks down and uses the drug may differ, which may eli
minate a generic drug substitution. Critical concentration is the amount of a drug that is needed to ca
use a therapeutic effect and should not differ between generic and brand name medications. D
istribution is the phase of pharmacokinetics, which involves the movement of a drug to the bod
y’s tissues and is the