NABCEP PV ASSOCIATE PRACTICE EXAMINATION
NEWEST 2026 UPDATE — ACTUAL QUESTIONS &
CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+
Content Covered (Most Tested Domains)
• PV System Components & Operation
• Electrical Basics (Ohm’s Law, Power Law)
• PV System Sizing & Design
• NEC® Fundamentals Related to PV
• Safety (OSHA & Electrical Safety)
• Grid-Connected & Stand-Alalone Systems
• Performance Analysis & Troubleshooting
• Solar Resource & Shading
1. What is the primary function of a photovoltaic (PV) module?
A. Store electrical energy
B. Convert sunlight into electricity
C. Convert AC to DC
D. Increase voltage
Correct Answer: B. Convert sunlight into electricity
PV modules convert solar irradiance directly into DC electricity using
semiconductor materials.
, 2. Which unit measures electrical current?
A. Volts
B. Watts
C. Ohms
D. Amperes
Correct Answer: D. Amperes
Current is measured in amperes (amps), representing the flow of
electric charge.
3. What happens to voltage in a series circuit of identical PV
modules?
A. Remains the same
B. Decreases
C. Adds together
D. Divides equally
Correct Answer: C. Adds together
In series wiring, voltages add while current remains constant.
4. What is the formula for electrical power?
A. P = I / V
B. P = V × I
C. P = V – I
D. P = I²R
,Correct Answer: B. P = V × I
Electrical power equals voltage multiplied by current.
5. Standard Test Conditions (STC) include which irradiance level?
A. 800 W/m²
B. 900 W/m²
C. 1000 W/m²
D. 1200 W/m²
Correct Answer: C. 1000 W/m²
STC uses 1000 W/m² irradiance, 25°C cell temperature, and AM 1.5
spectrum.
6. Which device converts DC power from PV modules into AC power?
A. Charge controller
B. Combiner box
C. Inverter
D. Transformer
Correct Answer: C. Inverter
Inverters convert DC electricity into usable AC electricity.
7. Increasing temperature generally causes PV module voltage to:
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Stay constant
D. Double
, Correct Answer: B. Decrease
Voltage drops as temperature increases.
8. What is the purpose of a charge controller?
A. Convert DC to AC
B. Regulate battery charging
C. Increase module voltage
D. Measure irradiance
Correct Answer: B. Regulate battery charging
Charge controllers prevent battery overcharging.
9. A kilowatt-hour (kWh) measures:
A. Power
B. Current
C. Energy
D. Voltage
Correct Answer: C. Energy
kWh represents energy consumption over time.
10. What is the main safety hazard of DC arcs?
A. They extinguish easily
B. They self-limit
C. They are difficult to extinguish
D. They reduce voltage
NEWEST 2026 UPDATE — ACTUAL QUESTIONS &
CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+
Content Covered (Most Tested Domains)
• PV System Components & Operation
• Electrical Basics (Ohm’s Law, Power Law)
• PV System Sizing & Design
• NEC® Fundamentals Related to PV
• Safety (OSHA & Electrical Safety)
• Grid-Connected & Stand-Alalone Systems
• Performance Analysis & Troubleshooting
• Solar Resource & Shading
1. What is the primary function of a photovoltaic (PV) module?
A. Store electrical energy
B. Convert sunlight into electricity
C. Convert AC to DC
D. Increase voltage
Correct Answer: B. Convert sunlight into electricity
PV modules convert solar irradiance directly into DC electricity using
semiconductor materials.
, 2. Which unit measures electrical current?
A. Volts
B. Watts
C. Ohms
D. Amperes
Correct Answer: D. Amperes
Current is measured in amperes (amps), representing the flow of
electric charge.
3. What happens to voltage in a series circuit of identical PV
modules?
A. Remains the same
B. Decreases
C. Adds together
D. Divides equally
Correct Answer: C. Adds together
In series wiring, voltages add while current remains constant.
4. What is the formula for electrical power?
A. P = I / V
B. P = V × I
C. P = V – I
D. P = I²R
,Correct Answer: B. P = V × I
Electrical power equals voltage multiplied by current.
5. Standard Test Conditions (STC) include which irradiance level?
A. 800 W/m²
B. 900 W/m²
C. 1000 W/m²
D. 1200 W/m²
Correct Answer: C. 1000 W/m²
STC uses 1000 W/m² irradiance, 25°C cell temperature, and AM 1.5
spectrum.
6. Which device converts DC power from PV modules into AC power?
A. Charge controller
B. Combiner box
C. Inverter
D. Transformer
Correct Answer: C. Inverter
Inverters convert DC electricity into usable AC electricity.
7. Increasing temperature generally causes PV module voltage to:
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Stay constant
D. Double
, Correct Answer: B. Decrease
Voltage drops as temperature increases.
8. What is the purpose of a charge controller?
A. Convert DC to AC
B. Regulate battery charging
C. Increase module voltage
D. Measure irradiance
Correct Answer: B. Regulate battery charging
Charge controllers prevent battery overcharging.
9. A kilowatt-hour (kWh) measures:
A. Power
B. Current
C. Energy
D. Voltage
Correct Answer: C. Energy
kWh represents energy consumption over time.
10. What is the main safety hazard of DC arcs?
A. They extinguish easily
B. They self-limit
C. They are difficult to extinguish
D. They reduce voltage
