UGA History Exemption Exam:
Post 1877 Questions and Answers
100% PASS
Robert Smalls—ANSWER-Enslaved African American who, during and after the American
Civil War, became a ship's pilot, sea captain, and politician; freed himself, his crew and their
families from slavery on May 13, 1862, by commandeering a Confederate transport ship, the
CSS Planter, in Charleston harbor, and sailing it to freedom beyond the blockade
Helped convince Lincoln to accept African-American soldiers into the Union Army
Ten Percent Plan—ANSWER-Lincoln's plan that allowed a Southern state to form its own
government after ten percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States
Meant to shorten the war
Hoped to weaken the southern cause by making it easy for disillusioned or lukewarm
confederates to switch sides
,Hoped to further his emancipation proclamation by insisting that the new governments
abolish slavery
Radical Republicans—ANSWER-After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should
be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards
the South
Favored protection for black rights (especially black, male suffrage)
Wade-Davis Bill—ANSWER-Legislation requiring 50% of the voters to take an oath of future
loyalty before the restoration process could begin
Once they took the oath, those who could wear they had never willingly supported the
confederacy could vote in an election for delegates to a constitutional convention
Passed after congress refused to recognize Lincoln's 10 percent governments
Railroads were the first—ANSWER-Modern corporation
Cornelius Vanderbilt—ANSWER-A railroad owner who built a railway connecting Chicago and
New York
He popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad, which made railroads safer and more
economical.
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
, John D. Rockefeller—ANSWER-Established the Standard Oil Company, the greatest, wisest,
and meanest monopoly known in history
J.P. Morgan—ANSWER-Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel
Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back
Was one of the "Robber barons"
Haymarket Riot (1886)—ANSWER-The riot took place in Chicago between rioters and the
police
It ended when someone threw a bomb that killed dozens
The riot was suppressed, and in addition with the damaged reputation of unions, it also
killed the Knights of Labor, who were seen as anarchists.
American Federation of Labor—ANSWER-1886; founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better
wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights
of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas, non-violent.
Vertical Integration—ANSWER-Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a
product, from the raw materials to distribution
Post 1877 Questions and Answers
100% PASS
Robert Smalls—ANSWER-Enslaved African American who, during and after the American
Civil War, became a ship's pilot, sea captain, and politician; freed himself, his crew and their
families from slavery on May 13, 1862, by commandeering a Confederate transport ship, the
CSS Planter, in Charleston harbor, and sailing it to freedom beyond the blockade
Helped convince Lincoln to accept African-American soldiers into the Union Army
Ten Percent Plan—ANSWER-Lincoln's plan that allowed a Southern state to form its own
government after ten percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States
Meant to shorten the war
Hoped to weaken the southern cause by making it easy for disillusioned or lukewarm
confederates to switch sides
,Hoped to further his emancipation proclamation by insisting that the new governments
abolish slavery
Radical Republicans—ANSWER-After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should
be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards
the South
Favored protection for black rights (especially black, male suffrage)
Wade-Davis Bill—ANSWER-Legislation requiring 50% of the voters to take an oath of future
loyalty before the restoration process could begin
Once they took the oath, those who could wear they had never willingly supported the
confederacy could vote in an election for delegates to a constitutional convention
Passed after congress refused to recognize Lincoln's 10 percent governments
Railroads were the first—ANSWER-Modern corporation
Cornelius Vanderbilt—ANSWER-A railroad owner who built a railway connecting Chicago and
New York
He popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad, which made railroads safer and more
economical.
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
, John D. Rockefeller—ANSWER-Established the Standard Oil Company, the greatest, wisest,
and meanest monopoly known in history
J.P. Morgan—ANSWER-Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel
Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back
Was one of the "Robber barons"
Haymarket Riot (1886)—ANSWER-The riot took place in Chicago between rioters and the
police
It ended when someone threw a bomb that killed dozens
The riot was suppressed, and in addition with the damaged reputation of unions, it also
killed the Knights of Labor, who were seen as anarchists.
American Federation of Labor—ANSWER-1886; founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better
wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights
of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas, non-violent.
Vertical Integration—ANSWER-Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a
product, from the raw materials to distribution
