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PNR300 - TEST 1 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
2026 UPDATE
What are values? - ANSWER -Core beliefs you hold regarding what is
right and fair in terms of our actions and our interactions with others.
Guide us and priorities
How are values learned? - ANSWER -Learned in conscious and
unconscious ways.
Conscious (how do you acquire values) - ANSWER -through instruction
by parents, teachers, mentors,religious leaders, and educators,
professional or social group leaders
Formally adopted by groups & written in-professional codes of ethics,
religious doctrines, societal laws, and statement of an organization's
philosophy
Subconscious (how do you acquire values) - ANSWER -socialization and
role modeling
What is self awareness? - ANSWER -Knowing how you're behaving and
how it affects others
pg. 1
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Understanding others perspectives - ANSWER -We can never 'walk in
someone's shoes',however, we can remain open to how others'
realities, experiences, cultures, spirituality, and environments have
shaped their perspective.
What is values clarification? - ANSWER -Refers to the process of
becoming more conscious of and articulating what we value or consider
worthy.
Steps of Values Clarification (2) - ANSWER -(Step 1)- the nurse clarifies
personal values through reflection and discussion.
(Step 2)- the nurse helps the pt. to clarify values through structured
communication.
What is structured communication? - ANSWER -Repeat what the pt.
has said - summarize-give time for them to reflect.
Encourage exploration or discussion and don't impose your own values
No judgments
Client behaviors that may indicate unclear/conflicting values (5) -
ANSWER -1) Ignoring health and professional advice
pg. 2
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2) Inconsistent communication or behaviour
3) Numerous admissions to a healthcare agency for the same problem
4) Confusion or uncertainty about which course of action to take
5) Refusal of care
CNO Values (7) - ANSWER -1) client well-being
2) client choice
3) privacy and confidentiality
4) respect for life
5) maintaining commitments
6) truthfulness
7) fairness
8 primary values of the Canadian Nurses Association - ANSWER -1.
Safe, Competent, and Ethical Care
2. Health and Wellbeing
3. Choice
4. Dignity
pg. 3
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5. Confidentiality
6. Justice
7. Accountability
8. Quality practice environments
Professional Values - ANSWER -Acquired during socialization into
nursing
- Codes of ethics
- Nursing experience
- Teachers
- Other nurses
- CNO
- RPNAO
What is an ethical dilemma? - ANSWER -When there is no clear right
choice, and all actions will have good and bad outcomes
What is ethics? - ANSWER -The philosophical study of morality is the
systematic exploration of what is morally right or morally wrong
CNO: The Code of Conduct (6) - ANSWER -1. Nurses respect the dignity
of patients and treat them as individuals
pg. 4
PNR300 - TEST 1 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
2026 UPDATE
What are values? - ANSWER -Core beliefs you hold regarding what is
right and fair in terms of our actions and our interactions with others.
Guide us and priorities
How are values learned? - ANSWER -Learned in conscious and
unconscious ways.
Conscious (how do you acquire values) - ANSWER -through instruction
by parents, teachers, mentors,religious leaders, and educators,
professional or social group leaders
Formally adopted by groups & written in-professional codes of ethics,
religious doctrines, societal laws, and statement of an organization's
philosophy
Subconscious (how do you acquire values) - ANSWER -socialization and
role modeling
What is self awareness? - ANSWER -Knowing how you're behaving and
how it affects others
pg. 1
,2|Page
Understanding others perspectives - ANSWER -We can never 'walk in
someone's shoes',however, we can remain open to how others'
realities, experiences, cultures, spirituality, and environments have
shaped their perspective.
What is values clarification? - ANSWER -Refers to the process of
becoming more conscious of and articulating what we value or consider
worthy.
Steps of Values Clarification (2) - ANSWER -(Step 1)- the nurse clarifies
personal values through reflection and discussion.
(Step 2)- the nurse helps the pt. to clarify values through structured
communication.
What is structured communication? - ANSWER -Repeat what the pt.
has said - summarize-give time for them to reflect.
Encourage exploration or discussion and don't impose your own values
No judgments
Client behaviors that may indicate unclear/conflicting values (5) -
ANSWER -1) Ignoring health and professional advice
pg. 2
,3|Page
2) Inconsistent communication or behaviour
3) Numerous admissions to a healthcare agency for the same problem
4) Confusion or uncertainty about which course of action to take
5) Refusal of care
CNO Values (7) - ANSWER -1) client well-being
2) client choice
3) privacy and confidentiality
4) respect for life
5) maintaining commitments
6) truthfulness
7) fairness
8 primary values of the Canadian Nurses Association - ANSWER -1.
Safe, Competent, and Ethical Care
2. Health and Wellbeing
3. Choice
4. Dignity
pg. 3
, 4|Page
5. Confidentiality
6. Justice
7. Accountability
8. Quality practice environments
Professional Values - ANSWER -Acquired during socialization into
nursing
- Codes of ethics
- Nursing experience
- Teachers
- Other nurses
- CNO
- RPNAO
What is an ethical dilemma? - ANSWER -When there is no clear right
choice, and all actions will have good and bad outcomes
What is ethics? - ANSWER -The philosophical study of morality is the
systematic exploration of what is morally right or morally wrong
CNO: The Code of Conduct (6) - ANSWER -1. Nurses respect the dignity
of patients and treat them as individuals
pg. 4
